Delmar's NCLEX-PN Review

Description

For anyone pursuing a career in practical or vocational nursing, NCLEX-PN REVIEW will help you prepare. It provides content review of all core information likely to be on the NCLEX-PN licensure exam. Each subject is presented concisely and thoroughly in outline format and is organized around the Nursing Process. Anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology topics are integrated throughout the book to improve understanding and application of difficult concepts. Practice tests and a unique software program help build confidence and familiarity with the material along with different styles of NCLEX questions such as multiple response and the new "charting style" question. Over 4,000 questions are included for practice. Cover Page Half-Title Page Title Page Copyright Page Dedication CONTENTS INDEX OF TABLES PREFACE ORGANIZATION, CONTENT, AND FEATURES CONTRIBUTORS TEST ITEM WRITERS REVIEWERS CHAPTER 1: HOW TO PREPARE FOR NCLEX-PN® Questions You Might Have about the Examination What Is the National Council of State Boards of Nursing? What Is the Current Test Plan? How Do I Apply to Take the Examination? What Types of Questions Are on the Examination? Do I Have to Know a Lot About Computers to Take the Examination? How Is the Examination Scored? Can I Take a Break? When Will I Know If I Passed? Tips for Test Taking Look for Key Concepts Look for Key Words Utilize Test-Taking Strategies Tips on How to Prepare for NCLEX-PN® Review Content Practice Multiple-Choice Questions Practice Stress-Reduction Strategies Examination Day CHAPTER 2: ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS Clinical Problem Solving (Nursing Process) Overview Steps of the Nursing Process Management of Care Client Rights Delegation and Supervision Incident/Unusual Occurrence Reports Basic Hygienic Care Bathing Measurement of Vital Signs Temperature Pulse Respiration Blood Pressure Managing Pain Prevention of Infection Chain of Events Leading to Infection Asepsis Immobility Pressure Ulcer (Decubitus Ulcer, or Bedsore) Positioning Body Mechanics, Transfer, and Ambulation Techniques Care of Client Needing Restraints Care of the Client Needing Application of Heat or Cold Application of Cold Application of Heat Care of the Client in Shock Fluid and Electrolyte Balance Body Fluids Mechanisms of Fluid Balance Electrolytes Acid-Base Balance General Concepts Interpreting Blood Gases Death CHAPTER 3: THE OLDER ADULT CLIENT General Concepts Theories of Aging Biological Psychosocial Developmental Tasks Changes of Normal Aging CHAPTER 4: THE PERIOPERATIVE CLIENT Legal Aspects: Informed Consent Preoperative Period Surgical Risk Factors Preoperative Teaching Physical Preparation for Surgery Immediate Preoperative Care Anesthesia Conscious Sedation General Anesthesia Regional Anesthesia Postoperative Period Immediate Postoperative Care (Recovery Room, Postanesthesia Care Unit) Nursing Care on Surgical Unit CHAPTER 5: ONCOLOGY Characteristics and Pathophysiology Assessment Staging Grading Assessment Interventions Goals of Treatment Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation Therapy Emotional Support CHAPTER 6: THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Anatomy and Physiology of the Cardiovascular System Vascular System Diagnostic Procedures Laboratory Tests Noninvasive Tests Invasive Procedures Cardiovascular Conditions Hypertension Angina Myocardial Infarction Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Cardiac Failure Pacemaker Defibrillation (Countershock) Peripheral Vascular Disorders Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (ASO) Buerger’s Disease Raynaud’s Disease Aortic Aneurysm Vein Disorders Thrombophlebitis; Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Varicose Veins CHAPTER 7: THE HEMATOLOGIC SYSTEM Anatomy and Physiology of the Hematologic System Spleen Blood Transfusions and Blood Products Disorders Anemias Clotting Disorders White Cell Disorders Other Malignant Disorders CHAPTER 8: THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Anatomy and Physiology Nose Pharynx Larynx Trachea (Windpipe) Bronchial Tree Lungs Chest Wall Pulmonary Circulation Gas Exchange: Alveolar Ducts and Alveoli Nursing Assessment Health History Physical Examination Diagnostic Studies Therapies and Procedures Related to the Respiratory System Oxygen Therapy Tracheostomy Closed Chest Drainage Respiratory Tract Conditions Epistaxis (Nosebleed) Cancer of the Larynx Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Pneumonia Pneumothorax Thoracic Surgery Tuberculosis Histoplasmosis CHAPTER 9: THE NEUROSENSORY SYSTEM Anatomy and Physiology Structures Eyes Ears: Sensory Organs That Enable Hearing and Help to Maintain Balance Diagnostic Procedures Brain Scan Lumbar Puncture Cerebral Angiography Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT or CT Scan) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Electroencephalography (EEG) Nervous System Disorders Increased Intracranial Pressure Head Injuries Hyperthermia Seizures Cerebrovascular Accident(CVA) Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) Spinal Cord Injury Multiple Sclerosis Myasthenia Gravis Parkinson’s Disease Guillain-Barré Syndrome (Infectious Polyneuritis) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS, Lou Gehrig’s Disease) Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic Douloureux) Bell’s Palsy Eye Conditions Detached Retina Cataract Glaucoma Eye Injury Care of the Client Who Is Blind Conditions of the Ear Care of the Client with Diminished Hearing Ménière’s Disease Otosclerosis CHAPTER 10: THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM Anatomy and Physiology Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine Hepatic, Biliary, and Pancreatic System Diagnostic Procedures Related Procedures Enemas Gastrointestinal Intubation Gastrostomy Tube Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System Nausea and Vomiting Diarrhea Constipation Hiatal Hernia Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Peptic Ulcer Disease Cancer of the Stomach Gastric Surgery Hernias Appendicitis Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disorders Cancer of the Colon/Rectum Bowel Surgery Hemorrhoids Disorders of the Liver Disorders of the Gallbladder Disorders of the Pancreas CHAPTER 11: THE GENITOURINARY SYSTEM Anatomy and Physiology of Urinary System Male Reproductive System Diagnostic Tests Specific Urologic Disorders Disorders of the Male Reproductive System CHAPTER 12: THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM Anatomy and Physiology of Skeletal System Muscular System Cartilage Ligaments and Tendons Laboratory / Diagnostic Tests Blood Tests Other Tests Related Procedures Range-of-Motion (ROM) Exercises Assistive Devices for Walking Care of the Client with a Cast Care of the Client in Traction Disorders of the Musculoskeletal System Fractures Total Hip Replacement Knee Replacement Rheumatoid Arthritis Osteoarthritis (Hypertrophic Arthritis) Gout Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Osteomyelitis Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HNP) Amputation of a Limb CHAPTER 13: THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Anatomy and Physiology Major Function Is to Regulate Body Functions Pituitary Gland (Hypophysis) Adrenal Gland Thyroid Gland Parathyroid Glands Pancreas Gonads Endocrine Disorders Pituitary Gland Adrenal Gland Thyroid Gland Parathyroid Glands Pancreas Disorders CHAPTER 14: THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Anatomy and Physiology Skin Hair Nails Glands Laboratory and Diagnostic Studies Disorders of the Integumentary System Lesions of the Skin Contact Dermatitis Psoriasis Skin Cancer Herpes Zoster (Shingles) Herpes Simplex Virus, Type I Burns CHAPTER 15: THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM, MATERNITY, AND NEWBORNS Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System Physiology of the Female Reproductive System Conditions of the Female Reproductive System Breast Conditions Conditions of the Uterus Sexually Transmitted Diseases Fertility Management The Antepartal Client Onset of Pregnancy/Fetal Development Pregnancy Antepartal Complications The Intrapartal Client Overview of Normal Labor Nursing Care During Labor Complications of Labor and Delivery The Postpartal Client Physiological Changes in the Postpartal Period Complications Normal Newborn Transition to Extrauterine Life Assessment of Newborn High-Risk Newborn CHAPTER 16: PEDIATRICS Growth and Development First Year of Life Toddler: One to Three Years Preschooler: Three to Five Years School-Aged Child Adolescence Reaction to Hospitalization/Separation Toddler Growth and Development Issues Pediatric Conditions Related to the Cardiovascular System Congenital Heart Defects Rheumatic Fever Kawasaki Disease (Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome) Respiratory and Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat (EENT) Conditions Tonsillitis (Not Usually Hospitalized) Tonsillectomy/Adenoidectomy Upper Respiratory Infections (URIs) Epiglotittis Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup) Otitis Media Asthma (Reactive Airway Disease) Cystic Fibrosis (Mucoviscidosis Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection Pediatric Conditions Related to the Neurosensory System Spina Bifida (Myelodysplasia) Hydrocephalus Brain Tumors Reye’s Syndrome Bacterial Meningitis Cerebral Palsy Tay-Sachs Disease Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Pediatric Conditions Related to the Gastrointestinal System Cleft Lip Cleft Palate Esophageal Defects Pyloric Stenosis Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER) Hirschsprung’s Disease (Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon) Intussusception Imperforate Anus Celiac Disease Hernias Gastroenteritis Parasitic Worms Pediatric Conditions Related to the Genitourinary System Urinary Tract Infection Exstrophy of the Bladder Cryptorchidism Hypospadias Nephrotic Syndrome Acute Glomerulonephritis Enuresis Wilm’s Tumor (Nephroblastoma) Pediatric Conditions Related to the Musculoskeletal System Congenital Hip Dysplasia Congenital Clubfoot: Talipes Legg-Calvé Perthes Disease Scoliosis Muscular Dystrophy Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Lyme Disease Bone Tumors Pediatric Conditions Related to the Endocrine System Diabetes Mellitus Congenital Hypothyroidism (Cretinism) Hypopituitarism (Pituitary Dwarfism) Hyperpituitarism (Gigantism) Pediatric Conditions Related to the Integumentary System Burns Impetigo Ringworm (Tinea) Pediculosis (Lice) Poison Ivy Childhood Eczema CHAPTER 17: THE MENTAL HEALTH CLIENT Basic Concepts Therapeutic Communication Phases in Nurse–Patient (Client) Relationship Theoretical Models Types of Interventions Psychiatric Mental Health Problems Anxiety Anxiety Disorders Eating Disorders Loss and Grief Mood Disorders Schizophrenia Suspicious and Paranoid Behaviors Personality Disorders Substance Abuse Family Violence Rape Age-Related Disorders Autistic Disorder Chronic Organic Brain Syndromes Legal Aspects of Psychiatric Nursing Types of Admissions Rights of Psychiatric Clients CHAPTER 18: PHARMACOLOGY Basic Concepts Preparing the Medication Methods of Administration Calculating Methods Facts About Drug Action Pharmacologic Agents Antimicrobials and Antiparasitics Central Nervous System Drugs Drugs Affecting the Heart and Circulatory System Peripheral Vasodilators Hormonal Agents Gastrointestinal Drugs Arthritis and Gout Drugs Drugs Affecting the Respiratory Tract Eye Medications Antineoplastic and Immunosuppressive Agents Immunizations CHAPTER 19: NUTRITION AND SPECIAL DIETS Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Fats Carbohydrates (CHO) Proteins Fats Vitamins Minerals Nursing Care Nutritional Guidelines Food Pyramid Special Diets Consistency Modifications Gluten-Free Diet Phenylketonuria (PKU) Diet Low-Purine Diet Diets to Alter Acidity of Blood Diets for Treatment of Diabetes APPENDICES Appendix A: Symbols and Abbreviations Appendix B: Metric System Equivalents Appendix C: Temperature Conversions Appendix D: Medical Prefixes and Suffixes Appendix E: NANDA International Nursing Diagnoses 2009–2011 PRACTICE TESTS Practice Test 1 Answer and Rationales for Practice Test Practice Test 2 Answer and Rationales for Practice Test 2 Practice Test 3 Answer and Rationales for Practice Test 3 Practice Test 4 Answer and Rationales for Practice Test 4 Practice Test 5 Answer and Rationales for Practice Test 5 Practice Test 6 Answer and Rationales for Practice Test 6 Practice Test 7 Answer and Rationales for Practice Test 7 Practice Test 8 Answer and Rationales for Practice Test 8 INDEX A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z www