Environment and Agriculture of Early Winchester

Description

Winchester Studies 10: This wide-ranging study uses historical and archaeological evidence to consider humanity's interactions with the environment, fashioning agricultural, gardening and horticultural regimes over a millennium and a half. The discussions of archaeological finds of seeds from discarded rubbish including animal fodder and bedding show the wide range of wild species present, as well as cultivated and gathered plants in the diet of inhabitants and livestock. Pollen analyses, and studies of wood, mosses, and beetles, alongside a look at the local natural environment, and comparison with medieval written records give us a tantalizing picture of early Winchester. The earliest record is by Aelfric of Eynsham in his 11th-century Nomina Herbarum. From medieval records come hints of gardens within the city walls, and considerable detail about agriculture and horticulture, and produce brought into the city. Wild fruit and nuts were also being gathered from the countryside for the town's markets and mills. At St Giles' Fair exotic imported spices and fruits were also sold. All these sources of evidence are brought together to reveal more fully the roles of agriculture and the environment in the development Winchester. Cover Pre-title Page Frontispiece Title Page Publisher Dedication Sponsors PRINCIPAL CONTRIBUTORS Staff and Volunteers of the Winchester Research Unit GENERAL EDITOR’S PREFACE FOREWORD CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS LIST OF REFERENCES ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS PART I: INTRODUCTION AND ENVIRONMENT 1 INTRODUCTION by MARTIN BIDDLE and JANE M. RENFREW with contributions by FRANCIS J. GREEN and PATRICK OTTAWAY 2 THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE WINCHESTER REGION by JANE M. RENFREW and PATRICK OTTAWAY PART IITHE WRITTEN EVIDENCE ÆLFRIC’S NOMINA HERBARUM AND THE PLANT REMAINS FROM ANGLO-SAXON WINCHESTER by DEBBY BANHAM 4 AGRICULTURE AND THE USE OF PLANTS IN MEDIEVAL WINCHESTER: THE DOCUMENTARY by DEREK J. KEENEEVIDENCE 5 GARDENS IN MEDIEVAL AND LATER WINCHESTER: THE CASTLE, WOLVESEY PALACE, AND AND EASTGATE HOUSE by BEATRICE CLAYRE and MARTIN BIDDLE 6 FIELD CROPS AND THEIR CULTIVATION IN HAMPSHIRE, 1200–1350, IN THE LIGHT OF DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE by JAN Z. TITOW PART IIITHE ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE 7 POLLEN ANALYSIS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL DEPOSITS IN WINCHESTER by ERWIN ISENBERG and JANE M. RENFREW 8 THE IDENTIFICATION AND UTILIZATION OF WOOD IN EARLY WINCHESTER by SUZANNE KEENE 9 THE ROMAN PLANT REMAINS1 by PETER MURPHY 10 THE PLANT ECONOMY AND VEGETATION OF ANGLO-SAXON WINCHESTER by MICHAEL MONK 11 PLANT REMAINS AND AGRICULTURE IN NORMAN AND LATER MEDIEVAL WINCHESTER by FRANCIS J. GREEN 12 ROMAN AND POST-ROMAN MOSS FROM LOWER BROOK STREET by DORIAN WILLIAMS and JANE M. RENFREW 13INSECT FAUNA FROM LOWER BROOK STREET by PETER J. OSBORNE 14 CONCLUSION by PATRICK OTTAWAY Concordance of Samples INDEX I: GENERAL INDEX INDEX 2: INSECTS AND PLANTS WINCHESTER STUDIES Back cover