Fake News in Context

Description

Fake News in Context defines fake news and sets it within a historical and international context. Helping readers to become more skilled at detecting misinformation, the book also demonstrates how such knowledge can be leveraged to facilitate more effective engagement in civic education. Distinguishing between fake news and other forms of misinformation, the book explains the complete communication cycle of fake news: how and why it is created, disseminated and accessed. The book then explains the physical and psychological reasons why people believe fake news. Providing generic methods for identifying fake news, Farmer also explains the use of fact- checking tools and automated algorithms. The book then details how various literacies, including news, media, visual, information, digital and data, offer unique concepts and skills that can help interpret fake news. Arguing that individuals and groups can respond and counter fake news, which leads to civic engagement and digital citizenship, the book concludes by providing strategies for instruction and tips for collaborating with librarians. Including a range of international examples, Fake News in Context will be of interest to teaching faculty, and students of library and information science, communication studies, media studies, politics and journalism. Librarians and information professionals will also find a valuable resource in this book. Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Table of contents Figures Tables 1 Introduction What is the extent of fake news? What are the consequences of fake news? How can fake news be addressed? How this book addresses fake news References 2 The communication context A brief historical background The communication cycle of fake news Creating fake news Disseminating fake news Accessing fake news Processing fake news Acting on fake news References 3 The discernment context Reviewing what is news Heuristics Manual fact-checkers Automated fact-checking Comparing news sources A note about culture In sum References 4 The responsibility context Subject experts Journalists Media outlets Social networking services Government agencies Consumers and knowledge Educators and information professionals References 5 The literacy context News literacy News information neighborhoods Processing news information News literacy activities Visual literacy Visual representations Visual journalists Visual elements and principles Visual literacy issues Visual literacy activities Audio literacy Audio literacy dimensions Producing and disseminating audio messages Audio literacy activities Data literacy Data journalism Defining data literacy skills Statistical literacy STEM data literacy Data visualization Data literacy education resources and activities Media literacy Television as media Media literacy for advertising Media literacy standards Media literacy education resources and activities Digital literacy Technology in society Digital media production Digital literacy standards Digital literacy activities Information literacy Information literacy for producing the news Information literacy issues related to fake news Information literacy models and standards for the news consumer Information literacy activities References 6 The civic engagement context Civic engagement Models of civic engagement Impact of civic engagement Conditions for civic engagement Personal conditions Communication skills Civic space Technology Civic engagement challenges Civics education Curriculum Civics education learning activities Community-based civic engagement Digital citizenship Definitions Models and standards Digital citizenship education News-related community-based civic engagement examples Action research Citizen journalism Citizen science Arts activism References 7 The curriculum context Curriculum issues Competencies Developing a curriculum Instructional design and strategies Librarians’ roles and collaboration Sample news literacy and fake news curriculum One-shot presentation example WebQuest on fake news (long version) WebQuest on fake news (shorter version) Fake news: A middle school curriculum Fake news: A high school curriculum References Index