2017 Oncology nursing drug handbook

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Half Title Page Title Page Copyright Contents Key to Abbreviations Preface Contributors Section 1: Cancer Treatment Chapter 1: Introduction to Chemotherapy Drugs EMERGING FRONTIERS COMPLICATIONS OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION EXTRAVASATION Drug: abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) Drug: adrenocorticoids (cortisone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone) Drug: altretamine (Hexalen, Hexamethylmelamine) Drug: aminoglutethimide (Cytadren, Elipten) Drug: anastrozole (Arimidex) Drug: androgens: testosterone propionate (Testex), fluoxymesterone (Halotestin), testolactone (Teslac) Drug: arsenic trioxide (Trisenox) Drug: asparaginase (Elspar, Erwinaze [Erwinia chrysanthemi], L-asparaginase) Drug: azacytidine for injection (Vidaza) Drug: bendamustine hydrochloride (Treanda) Drug: bicalutamide (Casodex) Drug: bleomycin sulfate (Blenoxane) Drug: busulfan (Myleran) Drug: busulfan for injection (Busulfex) Drug: cabazitaxel (Jevtana injection) Drug: capecitabine (Xeloda, N4-pentoxycarbonyl-5-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine) Drug: carboplatin (Paraplatin) Drug: carmustine (BCNU, BiCNU) Drug: chlorambucil (Leukeran) Drug: cisplatin (Platinol) Drug: cladribine (Leustatin, 2-CdA) Drug: clofarabine (Clolar) Drug: cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) Drug: cytarabine, cytosine arabinoside (ara-C, Cytosar-U) Drug: cytarabine, liposome injection (DepoCyt) Drug: dacarbazine (DTIC-Dome, dimethyl-triazeno-imidazole carboxamide) Drug: dactinomycin (Actinomycin D, Cosmegen) Drug: daunorubicin citrate liposome injection (DaunoXome) Drug: daunorubicin hydrochloride (Cerubidine, Daunomycin HCl, Rubidomycin) Drug: decitabine (Dacogen, 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine) Drug: degarelix (Firmagon) Drug: docetaxel (Taxotere) Drug: doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin) Drug: doxorubicin hydrochloride liposome injection (Doxil) Drug: enzalutamide (Xtandi) Drug: epirubicin hydrochloride (Ellence, Farmorubicin[e], Farmorubicina, Pharmorubicin) Drug: eribulin mesylate injection (Halaven) Drug: estramustine (Estracyte, Emcyt) Drug: estrogens: diethylstilbestrol (DES), ethinyl estradiol (Estinyl), conjugated estrogen (Premarin), chlorotrianisene (Tace) Drug: etoposide phosphate (Etopophos, bioequivalent to VePesid [Bristol Myers-Squibb, 2015]) Drug: exemestane (Aromasin) Drug: floxuridine (FUDR, 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine) Drug: fludarabine phosphate (Fludara) Drug: fluorouracil, adrucil, 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil (Fluorouracil, Adrucil, 5-FU, Efudex [topical]) Drug: flutamide (Eulexin) Drug: fulvestrant injection (Faslodex) Drug: gemcitabine hydrochloride (Gemzar, difluorodeoxycytidine) Drug: goserelin acetate (Zoladex) Drug: histrelin implant (Vantas) Drug: hydroxyurea (Hydrea, Droxia) Drug: idarubicin (Idamycin, Idamycin Aspen, 4-demethoxydaunorubicin) Drug: ifosfamide (Ifex) Drug: irinotecan (Camptosar, Camptothecan-11, CPT-11) Drug: Irinotecan, liposome injection (OnivydeTM) Drug: ixabepilone (Ixempra) Drug: lanreotide (Somatuline depot injection) Drug: letrozole (Femara) Drug: leuprolide acetate for depot suspension (Lupron Depot, Eligard) Drug: lomustine (Gleostine) capsules Drug: mechlorethamine hydrochloride (Mustargen, nitrogen mustard, HN2) Drug: melphalan hydrochloride (Alkeran, L-phenylalanine mustard, L-PAM, L-sarcolysin) Drug: Melphalan for injection (Evoela) Drug: mercaptopurine (PURIXAN oral suspension, Purinethol, 6-MP) Drug: methotrexate (Amethopterin, Mexate, Folex) Drug: mitomycin (mitomycin C, Mutamycin, 3 Mitozytrex) Drug: mitotane (Lysodren) Drug: mitoxantrone (Novantrone) Drug: nelarabine (Arranon) Drug: nilutamide (Nilandron) Drug: omacetaxine mepesuccinate for injection (Synribo) Drug: oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) Drug: paclitaxel (Taxol) Drug: paclitaxel protein-bound particles for injectable suspension (albumin-bound), [Abraxane] Drug: pegasparaginase (Oncaspar) Drug: pemetrexed (Alimta) Drug: polifeprosan 20 with carmustine (BCNU) implant (Gliadel®) Drug: pralatrexate injection (Folotyn) Drug: procarbazine hydrochloride (Matulane) Drug: streptozocin (Zanosar) Drug: tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex, Soltamox oral solution) Drug: temozolomide (Temodar) Drug: thioguanine (Tabloid, 6-thioguanine, 6-TG) Drug: topotecan hydrochloride for injection (Hycamtin) Drug: toremifene citrate (Fareston) Drug: Trabectedin (Yondelis) Drug: Trifluridine and tipiracil (Lonsurf) Drug: triptorelin pamoate (Trelstar LA, Trelstar Depot) Drug: valrubicin (Valstar) Drug: vinblastine (Velban) Drug: vincristine (Oncovin) Drug: VinCRIStine sulfate LIPOSOME injection (liposome-encapsulated, Marqibo) Drug: vinorelbine tartrate (Navelbine) Chapter 2: Cytoprotective Agents Drug: allopurinol sodium (Aloprim, Zyloprim, Zurinol) Drug: amifostine for injection (Ethyol, WR-2721) Drug: dexrazoxane for injection (Totect) Drug: dexrazoxane for injection (Zinecard) Drug: leucovorin calcium (folinic acid, Citrovorum Factor) Drug: levoleucovorin (Fusilev, d, 1-leucovorin) Drug: mesna for injection (Mesnex) Drug: Uridine triacetate (Vistogard oral granules) Chapter 3: Molecular Targeted Therapy PERSONALIZED AND PRECISION CANCER CARE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ONCOLOGY NURSES CELL SIGNALING AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION HOW DO PROTEINS CARRY OUT THE MESSAGE? MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION: HALLMARKS OF CANCER MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION GENOME INSTABILITY AND MUTATIONS, SUSTAINING PROLIFERATIVE SIGNALING, EVADING GROWTH SUPPRESSORS INDUCING ANGIOGENESIS AVOIDANCE OF APOPTOSIS (PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH), ENABLING REPLICATIVE IMMORTALITY ACTIVATING INVASION AND METASTASIS TUMOR-PROMOTING INFLAMMATION AVOIDING IMMUNE DESTRUCTION MOLECULAR TARGETED THERAPY NURSING ISSUES DRUGS Drug: afatinib (Gilotrif) Drug: Alectinib (Alecensa) Drug: alitretinoin gel 0.1% (Panretin) Drug: axitinib (Inlyta, AG-013736) Drug: belinostat for injection (Beleodaq) Drug: bexarotene (Targretin oral capsules and topical gel) Drug: bortezomib (Velcade) Drug: bosutinib (Bosulif) Drug: cabozantinib capsules (Cometriq) Drug: cabozantinib tablets (Cabometyx) Drug: carfilzomib (Kyprolis, PR-171) Drug: ceritinib (Zykadia) Drug: Cobimetinib (Cotellic) Drug: crizotinib (Xalkori) Drug: dabrafenib (Tafinlar) Drug: dasatinib (Sprycel) Drug: erlotinib (Tarceva) Drug: everolimus (Afinitor) Drug: gefitinib (Iressa) Drug: ibrutinib (Imbruvica) Drug: idelalisib (Zydelig) Drug: imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) Drug: ixazomib (Ninlaro) Drug: iapatinib ditosylate (Tykerb) Drug: lenvatinib (Lenvima) Drug: nilotinib (Tasigna) Drug: olaparib (Lynparza) Drug: osimertinib (Tagrisso) Drug: palbociclib (Ibrance) Drug: panobinostat capsules (Farydak) Drug: pazopanib (Votrient) Drug: ponatinib (Iclusig) Drug: regorafenib (Stivarga) Drug: romidepsin for injection (Istodax) Drug: sonidegib (Odomzo) Drug: sorafenib (Nexavar) Drug: sunitinib malate (Sutent) Drug: temsirolimus (Torisel) Drug: trametinib (Mekinist) Drug: tretinoin (Vesanoid, ATRA, all-trans-retinoic acid) Drug: vandetanib (Caprelsa) Drug: vemurafenib (Zelboraf, PLX4032) Drug: Venetoclax (Venclexta) Drug: vismodegib (Erivedge) Drug: vorinostat (Zolinza, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA) Drug: ziv-aflibercept (Zaltrap) CHAPTER 4: Immunologic Targeted Therapy THE NORMAL IMMUNE SYSTEM CLASSES OF IMMUNOLOGICALLY TARGETED AGENTS CYTOKINES MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES (mAbs) IMMUNE CHECKPOINT INHIBITORS BI-SPECIFIC T-CELL ENGAGER NURSING IMPLICATIONS EGFR INHIBITOR RASH AND RELATED SKIN PROBLEMS IMMUNE-MEDIATED ADVERSE EFFECTS OF IMMUNE CHECKPOINT INHIBITORS Drug: ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla) Drug: aldesleukin (interleukin-2, Proleukin) Drug: alemtuzumab (campath-1H anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody, humanized IgG1 mAb) Drug: Atezolizumab (Tecentriq) injection Drug: bevacizumab (Avastin) Drug: blinatumomab (Blincyto) Drug: cetuximab (Erbitux) Drug: Daratumumab (Darzalex) Drug: darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) Drug: dinutuximab (Unituxin) Drug: Elotuzumab (Empliciti) Drug: eltrombopag (Promacta) Drug: epoetin alfa (Epogen®, erythropoietin, Procrit®) Drug: filgrastim (Neupogen, G-CSF) Drug: filgrastim-sndz (Zarxio) Drug: human papillomavirus quadrivalent (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) vaccine, recombinant suspension for intramuscular injection (Gardasil®) Drug: human papillomavirus nine valent (types 6, 11, 16, and 18, plus 5 additional high-risk types 31, 33, 45, 52, 58) vaccine, recombinant suspension for intramuscular injection (Gardasil 9) Drug: human papillomavirus bivalent (types 16 and 18) vaccine, recombinant (Cervarix) Drug: 90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan, Ibritumomab (Zevalin) Drug: imiquimod 5% topical cream (Aldara®) Drug: interferon alfa (2') (alpha interferon, IFN, interferon alpha-2a, rIFN-A, Roferon A) Drug: interferon alfa-2b (Intron A, IFN-alpha-2b recombinant, α-2-interferon, rIFN-α-2) Drug: interferon gamma (Actimmune®, IFN-gamma [γ], rIFN-gamma) Drug: ipilimumab (Yervoy) Drug: lenalidomide (Revlimid) Necitumumab (Portrazza) Drug: nivolumab (Opdivo) injection Drug: obinutuzumab injection (Gazyva®) Drug: ofatumumab (Arzerra) Drug: oprelvekin (Neumega®) Drug: palifermin (Kepivance) Drug: panitumumab (Vectibix) Drug: pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) Drug: peginterferon alfa-2b (Sylatron) Drug: pembrolizumab (Keytruda, MK3475) Drug: pertuzumab (Perjeta) Drug: plerixafor (Mozobil®, AMD3100) Drug: pomalidomide (Pomalyst) Drug: ramucirumab injection (Cyramza) Drug: rituximab (Rituxan) Drug: romiplostim (Nplate) Drug: sargramostim (Leukine, GM-CSF) Drug: siltuximab (Sylvant®) Drug: sipuleucel-T (Provenge) Drug: Talimogene laherparepvec (Imygic®, T-vec) Drug: tbo-filgrastim (Granix, Neutroval) Drug: thalidomide (Thalomid) Drug: thyrotropin alfa for injection (Thyrogen®) Drug: trastuzumab (Herceptin) Drug: ziv-aflibercept (Zaltrap®) Drug: zoster vaccine live (Zostavax®) Chapter 5: Chemobiotherapy for Noncancer Diseases Drug: abatacept (Orencia) Drug: adalimumab (Humira) Drug: certolizumab pegol (Cimzia) Drug: etanercept (Enbrel) Drug: golimumab (Simponi, Simponi Aria) Drug: infliximab (Remicade) Drug: tocilizumab (Actemra) Drug: tofacitinib citrate (Xeljanz, Xeljanz XR) Section 2: Symptom Management Chapter 6: Pain NON-OPIOID ANALGESICS Drug: acetaminophen (Acephen, Actamin, Anacin-3, Apacet, Anesin, Dapa, Datril, Genapap, Genebs, Gentabs, Halenol, Liquiprin, Meda Cap, Panadol, Panex, Suppap, Tempra, Tenol, Ty Caps, Tylenol) Drug: acetaminophen injection (Ofirmev) Drug: aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, Aspergum, Bayer Aspirin, Easprin, Ecotrin, Empirin) Drug: choline magnesium trisalicylate (Trilisate) Drug: clonidine hydrochloride (Duraclon) Drug: gabapentin (Neurontin) Drug: ibuprofen (Advil, Genpril, Haltran, Ibuprin, Midol 200, Nuprin, Rufen; parenteral Caldolor injection) Drug: ibuprofen/famotidine (Duexis) Drug: indomethacin (Indocin, Indocin SR, Indotech) Drug: ketorolac tromethamine (Toradol) Drug: pregabalin (Lyrica) OPIOID ANALGESICS Drug: codeine (as sulfate or phosphate); may be combined with acetaminophen (Phenaphen with Codeine, Tylenol with Codeine, nl Capital and Codeine, Codaphen [Odalan]), or with aspirin (Empirin with Codeine, Soma Compound with Codeine, Fiorinal with Codeine) Drug: fentanyl buccal tablet (Fentora) Drug: oral fentanyl citrate, oral transmucosal lozenge, oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) [Actiq, generic equivalents] Drug: fentanyl nasal spray (Lazanda) Drug: fentanyl sublingual tablets (Abstral) Drug: fentanyl sublingual spray (Subsys) Drug: fentanyl transdermal system (Duragesic) Drug: hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Drug: hydromorphone HCl extended-release tablets (Exalgo) Drug: methadone (Dolophine, Methadose) Drug: morphine (Astramorph, Avinza, Duramorph, Infumorph, Kadian Morphine Sulfate Sustained Release, MS Contin, MSIR, Morphelan, Oramorph, Roxanol) Drug: oxycodone HCl (Percodan, Percocet, Endodan, Roxiprin, Roxicodone) Drug: oxycodone controlled-release formulation (OxyContin) Drug: oxymorphone hydrochloride (Opana) Drug: oxymorphone hydrochloride extended release (generic, Opana ER) ADJUVANT AGENTS Drug: modafinil (Provigil) Chapter 7: Nausea and Vomiting CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED NAUSEA AND VOMITING RADIATION-INDUCED NAUSEA AND VOMITING DISEASE-INDUCED NAUSEA AND VOMITING Drug: aprepitant (Emend oral formulation) Drug: dexamethasone (Decadron) Drug: diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl) Drug: dronabinol (Marinol, Syndros) Drug: fosaprepitant dimeglumine (Emend for injection) Drug: granisetron hydrochloride (Kytril) Drug: granisetron hydrochloride transdermal (Sancuso) Drug: haloperidol (Haldol) Drug: metoclopramide hydrochloride (Reglan) Drug: nabilone (Cesamet) Drug: netupitant/palonosetron (Akynzeo) Drug: ondansetron hydrochloride (zofran) Drug: ondansetron oral soluble film (Zuplenz) Drug: palonosetron (Aloxi) Drug: prochlorperazine (Compazine) Drug: Rolapitant (Varubi) Drug: scopolamine transdermal patch (Transderm Scop, The Travel Patch) Chapter 8: Anorexia and Cachexia Drug: dronabinol (Marinol, Syndros) Drug: megestrol acetate oral suspension (Megace OS) Chapter 9: Anxiety and Depression Drug: alprazolam (Xanax) Drug: amitriptyline hydrochloride (Elavil) Drug: bupropion hydrochloride (Wellbutrin) Drug: buspirone hydrochloride (BuSpar) Drug: citalopram hydrobromide (Celexa) Drug: clonazepam (Klonopin) Drug: desipramine hydrochloride (Norpramin, Pertofrane) Drug: desvenlafaxine succinate (Pristiq) Drug: diazepam (Valium) Drug: doxepin hydrochloride (Sinequan) Drug: duloxetine hydrochloride (Cymbalta) Drug: escitalalopram oxalate (Lexapro) Drug: fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac) Drug: imipramine pamoate (Tofranil-PM) Drug: lorazepam (Ativan) Drug: mirtazapine (Remeron) Drug: nefazodone HCl (Serzone) Drug: nortriptyline hydrochloride (Aventyl, Pamelor) Drug: oxazepam (Serax) Drug: paroxetine hydrochloride (Paxil) Drug: sertraline hydrochloride (Zoloft) Drug: trazodone hydrochloride (Desyrel, Trialodine) Drug: venlafaxine hydrochloride (Effexor, Effexor XR) Drug: zolpidem tartrate (Ambien) Section 3: Complications Chapter 10: Managing Tumor-Related Skeletal Events and Hypercalcemia Drug: cinacalcet HCl (Sensipar) Drug: denosumab (Xgeva) Drug: pamidronate disodium (Aredia) Drug: zoledronic acid (Zometa) Chapter 11: Infection CENTRAL LINE INFECTIONS INFECTIOUS ORGANISMS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS EVIDENCE-BASED GUIDELINES ANTIBIOTICS Drug: amikacin sulfate (Amikin) Drug: amoxicillin (Amoxil, Polymox, Trimox, Wymox; amoxicillin plus potassium clavulanate is Augmentin) Drug: ampicillin sodium/sulbactam sodium (UNASYN) Drug: azithromycin (Zithromax) Drug: aztreonam (Azactam) Drug: cefaclor (Ceclor) Drug: cefadroxil (Duracef) Drug: cefazolin sodium (Ancef) Drug: cefdinir (Omnicef) Drug: cefditoren pivoxil (Spectracef) Drug: cefepime (Maxipime) Drug: cefixime (Suprax) Drug: cefoperazone sodium (Cefobid) Drug: cefotaxime sodium (Claforan) Drug: cefotetan (Cefotan) Drug: cefoxitin sodium (Mefoxin) Drug: cefpodoxime proxetil (Vantin) Drug: cefprozil (Cefzil) Drug: ceftaroline fosamil (Telfaro) Drug: ceftazidime (Fortaz, Tazicef, Tazidime) Drug: ceftazidime/avibactam (Avycaz) Drug: ceftibuten (Cedax) Drug: ceftolozane/tazobactam (Zerbaxa) Drug: ceftriaxone sodium (Rocephin) Drug: cefuroxime (Ceftin, Kefurox, Zinacef) Drug: cephalexin (Biocef, Keflex, Keftab) Drug: ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Drug: clarithromycin (Biaxin, Biaxin XL) Drug: clindamycin phosphate (Cleocin) Drug: colistimethate (Colistin/Polymixin B) Drug: colistimethate injection (Coly-Mycin M) Drug: co-trimoxazole; trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Bactrim DS, Cotrim, Septra) Drug: dalbavancin (Dalvance) Drug: daptomycin (Cubicin) Drug: demeclocycline hydrochloride (Declomycin) Drug: dicloxacillin sodium (Dycill, Dynapen, Pathocil) Drug: doripenem (Doribax) Drug: doxycycline hyclate (Vibramycin, Doryx, MonoDox) Drug: ertapenem sodium (Invanz) Drug: erythromycin (ERYC, E-Mycin, Ilotycin, Erythrocin) Drug: fidaxomicin (Dificid) Drug: gentamicin sulfate (Gentamicin) Drug: levofloxacin (Levaquin) Drug: linezolid (Zyvox) Drug: meropenem (Merrem) Drug: metronidazole hydrochloride (Flagyl) Drug: minocycline hydrochloride (Minocin)—Only Minocin IV is marketed brand in United States Drug: moxifloxacin (ABC Pack; Avelox) Drug: nafcillin sodium (Unipen) Drug: oritavancin (Orbactiv) Drug: oxacillin sodium (Bactocill, Prostaphlin) Drug: penicillin G (PenG potassium, PenG sodium intravenous; PenVK oral preparation) Drug: piperacillin sodium (Pipracil); combined with tazobactam sodium (Zosyn) Drug: quinupristin and dalfopristin (Synercid) Drug: rifaximin (Xifaxan) Drug: tedizolid phosphate (Sivextro) Drug: telavancin (Vibativ) Drug: tigecycline (Tygacil) Drug: tobramycin sulfate (Nebcin, Tobi (nebulized)) Drug: vancomycin hydrochloride (Vancocin) ANTIFUNGALS Drug: amphotericin B (deoxycholate) (Fungizone); amphotericin B lipid complex (Abelcet); amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex (Amphotec); liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) Drug: anidulafungin (Eraxis) Drug: caspofungin (Cancidas) Drug: clotrimazole (Canesten) Drug: fluconazole (Diflucan) Drug: flucytosine (Ancobon) Drug: isavuconazonium sulfate (Cresemba) Drug: itraconazole (Sporanox) Drug: ketoconazole (Nizoral) Drug: micafungin sodium (Mycamine) Drug: miconazole nitrate (Monistat) Drug: nystatin (Mycostatin, Nilstat) Drug: pentamidine isethionate (Nebupent) Drug: posaconazole (Noxafil) Drug: voriconazole (VFEND) ANTIVIRALS Drug: acyclovir (Zovirax) Drug: cidofovir (Vistide) Drug: famciclovir (Famvir) Drug: foscarnet sodium (Foscavir) Drug: ganciclovir (Cytovene) Drug: oseltamivir phosphate (TAMiFLU) Drug: peramivir injection (RAPIVAB) Drug: valacyclovir hydrochloride (Valtrex) Drug: valganciclovir hydrochloride (Valcyte) Drug: zanamivir (RELENZA) Chapter 12: Constipation Drug: bisacodyl (Dulcolax) Drug: docusate calcium, docusate potassium, docusate sodium (Dioctyl Calcium Sulfosuccinate, Dioctyl Potassium Sulfosuccinate, Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Colace, Diocto-K, Diosuccin, DOK-250, Doxinate, Duosol, Laxinate 100, Regulax SS, Stulex) Drug: glycerin suppository (Fleet Babylax, Sani-Supp) Drug: magnesium citrate Drug: methylcellulose (Citrucel) Drug: methylnaltrexone bromide (Relistor) Drug: mineral oil (Fleet Mineral Oil) Drug: naloxegol (Movantik) Drug: polyethylene glycol 3350, NF powder (Miralax) Drug: senna (Senexon, Senokot) Drug: sorbitol Chapter 13: Diarrhea Drug: deodorized tincture of opium (DTO, Laudanum) Drug: diphenoxylate hydrochloride and atropine (Lomotil) Drug: kaolin/pectin (Kaodene, K-P, Kaopectate, K-Pek) Drug: loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium) Drug: octreotide acetate (Sandostatin) Appendix 1 Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Drugs Appendix 2 Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Index