Global Health in Africa: Historical Perspectives on Disease Control (Perspectives on Global Health)

Description

Global Health in Africa is a first exploration of selected histories of global health initiatives in Africa. The collection addresses some of the most important interventions in disease control, including mass vaccination, large-scale treatment and/or prophylaxis campaigns, harm reduction efforts, and nutritional and virological research.The chapters in this collection are organized in three sections that evaluate linkages between past, present, and emergent. Part I, “Looking Back,” contains four chapters that analyze colonial-era interventions and reflect upon their implications for contemporary interventions. Part II, “The Past in the Present,” contains essays exploring the historical dimensions and unexamined assumptions of contemporary disease control programs. Part III, “The Past in the Future,” examines two fields of public health intervention in which efforts to reduce disease transmission and future harm are premised on an understanding of the past. This much-needed volume brings together international experts from the disciplines of demography, anthropology, and historical epidemiology. Covering health initiatives from smallpox vaccinations to malaria control to HIV campaigns, Global Health in Africa offers a first comprehensive look at some of global health’s most important challenges. Contents Acknowledgments Introduction Global Health The Colonial Antecedents of Global Health in Africa Postwar Foundations and the Changing Nature of Global Health Continuity in Global Health Initiatives Organization and Central Themes of the Volume Notes The Long History of Smallpox Eradication Smallpox in 1900 The Record of Colonial Smallpox Campaigns Lessons Learned Notes The First Large-Scale Use of Synthetic Insecticide for Malaria Control in Tropical Africa Prelude to the American Initiatives at Mosquito Control (1941–44) Mosquito Control Arrives in Liberia (1945–47) Retraction (1948–52) The Dieldrin Campaign in Monrovia (1953–57) Beyond Monrovia: Mosquito Control in Kpain, Central Province (1953–58) Round Two: The Kpain Project, 1958–62 Assessments Dénouement Notes A Genealogy of Treatment Prevention (TASP) The Colonial Invention of Treatment as Prevention The Test-and-Treat Paradigm in Colonial Africa Prevention as Treatment as Prevention: The Forgotten History of Pentamidine Prophylaxis Notes The True Fiasco Kwashiorkor Treatment and Prevention The True Fiasco Notes People, Great Apes, Disease, and Global Health in the Northern Forests of Equatorial Africa Cross-Species Transmissions, People, and Great Apes Long-Term Historical Change in the Equatorial African Forests People and Apes: Narratives from the Northern Equatorial African Forests Notes Defenseless Bodies and Violent Afflictions in a Global World The History of Hepatitis C in Egypt Schistosomiasis: A Legacy from the Past or a Modern Plague? Jaundice and Iatrogenesis An Epidemic Discovered from the Outside “Public Health” in Egypt or an Oxymoron for Violence The Local Memory of the Global Emergence of Viruses Medical Remembering as a Revolutionary Process Notes “Snake in the Belly” Cholera’s Global Reach Cholera’s Changing Environment The Cholera Crisis in Africa First Risk Condition: Landscapes of Risk Second Risk Condition: Armed Conflict and the Risk to Refugees Third Risk Condition: Water and Sanitation Notes Male Circumcision and HIV Control in Africa Social Anthropology and a Brief History of Male Circumcision Scientific Evidence about the Relationship between Male Circumcision and HIV Incidence and Prevalence Anatomy of the WHO/UNAIDS Notes Heroin Use, Trafficking, and Intervention Approaches in Sub-Saharan Africa The Context of Heroin Use and Trafficking in Africa from the Antitrafficking Intervention Perspective Injecting Drug Use and the Harm-Reduction Approach Notes About the Contributors Index