Pearson IIT Foundation Series - Chemistry Class 8

Description

Cover Brief Contents Contents Preface Chapter Insights Series Chapter Flow Chapter 1: Atomic Structure INTRODUCTION Historical Aspects DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY DISCOVERY OF FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLES Observation Discovery of Electron Discovery of Protons and Properties of Protons Thomson’s Atomic Model RUTHERFORD’S a-PARTICLE SCATTERING EXPERIMENT Discovery of Nucleus Rutherford’s Atomic Model Bohr’s Atomic Model Discovery of Neutrons Atomic Number and Mass Number Electronic Configuration of the Atoms PRACTICE QUESTIONS HINTS AND EXPLANATION Chapter 2: Classification of Matter INTRODUCTION KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY OF MATTER INTERCONVERSION OF STATES OF MATTER Melting Evaporation and Boiling Condensation Solidification Sublimation CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER ON THE BASIS OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION Pure Substances Classification of Elements Comparative Study of Physical Properties of Metals and Non-metals Mixtures Comparative Study of Properties of Compounds and Mixture Classification of A Mixture Separation of A Mixture Principles Involved Chromatography PRACTICE QUESTIONS HINTS AND EXPLANATION Chapter 3: Language of Chemistry and Transformation of Substances INTRODUCTION PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGE Comparative Study of Characteristics of Physical and Chemical Changes REPRESENTATION OF CHEMICAL CHANGES IONS OR RADICALS Derivation of Formulae of Compounds Atomic Weight or Atomic Mass Molecular Weight NAMING OF BINARY COMPOUNDS Naming of Acids, Bases and Salts Chemical Equation Balanced Chemical Equation Conditions Required for A Chemical Reaction CLASSIFICATION OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS ENDOTHERMIC REACTIONS PRACTICE QUESTIONS HINTS AND ExPLANATION Chapter 4: Air and Oxygen INTRODUCTION ATMOSPHERE Layers of Atmosphere Atmospheric Pressure Characteristics of Air as a Mixture Components of Air Composition of Air Oxygen Experiment I Experiment II Experiment III Experiment IV Chemical Properties of Oxygen Rusting of Iron Uses of Oxygen Air Pollution HAZARDS OF AIR POLLUTION AND THEIR PREVENTION PRACTICE QUESTIONS HINTS AND ExPLANATION Chapter 5: Water, Solution, Solubility and Hydrogen INTRODUCTION WATER SOLUTION Factors Affecting Solubility Importance of Solubility Curves Crystallisation HYDROGEN Preparation of Hydrogen Laboratory Method of Preparation Industrial Methods of Preparation Properties of Hydrogen Uses of Hydrogen PRACTICE QUEETIONS HINTS AND EXPLANATION Chapter 6: Carbon and its Compounds INTRODUCTION CARBON CYCLE Carbon ALLOTROPY Crystalline Allotropic Forms of Carbon Comparative Study of Various Crystalline Allotropes Amorphous Allotropes of Carbon COMPOUNDS OF CARBON Carbon Monoxide Carbon Dioxide Comparative Study of Carbon Monoxide and Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers Other Inorganic Compounds of Carbon Compounds of Carbon and Hydrogen Methane PRACTICE QUESTIONS HINTS AND ExPLANATION Chapter 7: Some Important Elements and their Compounds INTRODUCTION NON-METALS AND THEIR COMPOUNDS Nitrogen Nitrogen Fixation Nitrogen Cycle Phosphorus Allotropy Sulphur Comparative Study of the Allotropic Forms of Sulphur Chlorine Compounds of Nitrogen AMMONIA Physical Properties of Ammonia Chemical Properties of Ammonia Uses of Ammonia Some Important Ammonium Salts NITRIC ACID Phosphorus SULPHUR DIOXIDE SULPHURIC ACID Manufacture of Sulphuric Acid Hydrogen Sulphide Compounds of Chlorine MANUFACTURE NELSON CELL METHOD CASTNER–KELLNER CELL Hydrogen Chloride SOME INDUSTRIALLY IMPORTANT COMPOUNDS Glass Ceramics Fertiliser Fibre Plastic Soaps and Detergents PRACTICE QUESTIONS HINTS AND ExPLNATION