Polyphosphazenes for Biomedical Applications

Description

Brings together, analyzes, and contextualizes the latest findings and practical applications Polyphosphazenes, an emerging class of polymers, include macromolecules, which have been proven to be biocompatible, biodegradable, and bioactive. Their unprecedented structural diversity and unique properties make them suitable as vaccine adjuvants, microencapsulating agents, biodegradable materials, scaffolds for tissue engineering, biocompatible coatings, and carriers for gene delivery. Polyphosphazenes for Biomedical Applications offers a thorough review of polyphosphazene research findings in the life sciences, chemistry, and chemical engineering. It emphasizes biomedical applications as well as recent advances in polyphosphazene development such as high-throughput discovery and the latest controlled methods of synthesis. The book brings together, analyzes, and contextualizes a wealth of knowledge that previously could only be found scattered throughout the scientific literature. Following two introductory chapters, the book reviews: Vaccine delivery and immunomodulation Biomaterials Drug delivery systems Biodetection Well-defined polyphosphazenes: synthetic aspects and novel molecular architectures All the chapters have been written by leading researchers in the field. Editor Alexander Andrianov, who has led the effort to commercialize polyphosphazenes for biomedical applications, has carefully reviewed and edited all chapters to ensure readability, accuracy, and thoroughness. Polyphosphazenes for Biomedical Applications is not only intended for researchers working in polyphosphazene chemistry, but also for all researchers seeking solutions to problems arising in the areas of biomaterials, drug delivery systems, and controlled release formulations. POLYPHOSPHAZENES FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS......Page 5 CONTENTS......Page 7 CONTRIBUTORS......Page 11 PREFACE......Page 15 I INTRODUCTION......Page 19 1 Polyphosphazenes for Biology and Medicine: Current Status and Future Prospects......Page 21 2 Expanding Options in Polyphosphazene Biomedical Research......Page 33 II VACCINE DELIVERY AND IMMUNOMODULATION......Page 63 3 Polyphosphazene Vaccine Delivery Vehicles: State of Development and Perspectives......Page 65 4 Potential of Polyphosphazenes in Modulating Vaccine-Induced Immune Responses: I. Investigations in Mice......Page 83 5 Potential of Polyphosphazenes in Modulating Vaccine-Induced Immune Responses: II. Investigations in Large Animals......Page 95 6 Polyphosphazenes as Adjuvants for Inactivated and Subunit Rotavirus Vaccines in Adult and Infant Mice......Page 103 7 Polyphosphazene Immunoadjuvants for Intradermal Vaccine Delivery......Page 119 III BIOMATERIALS......Page 135 8 Biodegradable Polyphosphazene Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering......Page 137 9 Biodegradable Polyphosphazene Blends for Biomedical Applications......Page 157 10 Polyphosphazenes from Condensation Polymerization......Page 173 11 Electrospun Polyphosphazene Nanofibers for In Vitro Osteoblast Culture......Page 187 12 Phosphazenes and Surfaces......Page 203 IV DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS......Page 243 13 Amphiphilic Ionizable Polyphosphazenes for the Preparation of pH-Responsive Liposomes......Page 245 14 Poly- and Cyclophosphazenes as Drug Carriers for Anticancer Therapy......Page 267 15 Amphiphilic Polyphosphazenes as Drug Carriers......Page 295 16 Synthesis and Characterization of Organometallic Polyphosphazenes and Their Applications in Nanonoscience......Page 315 17 Transport Properties of Polyphosphazenes......Page 343 18 Potentiometric Monitoring of Antibody–Antigen Interactions and Stabilization of Polyaniline Electrodes with p-Sulfonated Poly(bisphenoxyphosphazene)......Page 365 VI WELL-DEFINED POLYPHOSPHAZENES: SYNTHETIC ASPECTS AND NOVEL MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURES......Page 395 19 Synthesis and Chemical Regularity in Phosphazene Copolymers......Page 397 20 Supramolecular Structures of Cyclotriphosphazenes......Page 429 APPENDIX A......Page 473 INDEX......Page 477