Sustainable Business Management and Digital Transformation: Challenges and Opportunities in the Post-COVID Era

Description

This book covers high-quality peer-reviewed research papers presented at the 18th International Symposium of Organizational Sciences (SymOrg 2022) held in Belgrade, Serbia, from 11 to 14 June 2022. The aim of the book is providing stimulative framework for readers to explore viable alternatives and indicate implications for the post-pandemic world. Researchers from academia and industry present their original work focusing on different aspects of sustainable management and digital transformation including blockchain technology, business analytics, e-business, innovation, digital operations and logistics management, financial industry, public administration, lean business systems, digital transformation projects, human resources, marketing and communication, and quality and standardization. The chapters could be useful for industry experts, research institutions, universities, and all others who share a common interest in contemporary organizational sciences. Preface Organization Program Committee Sponsors Contents Digital Transformation and Quantitative Modeling Biometric Creation of Digital Signatures and Their Application in Blockchain 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Comparative Analysis of Existing Digital Signature Solutions Using Biometric Data 3.1 FIBS – Fuzzy Identity Based Signature Model 3.2 Fuzzy Signature Model 3.3 Comparison of FIBS Scheme and Fuzzy Signature Methods for Creating a Digital Signature 4 Conclusion References Application of Smart Contracts in Supply Chain Management 1 Introduction 2 Problem Definition 3 Supply Chain Management 3.1 Supply Chain 3.2 Supply Chain Management 4 Blockchain and Smart Contracts 4.1 Social Aspect 4.2 Blockchain Technology 4.3 Smart Contracts 5 System Proposal 5.1 Concept Overview 5.2 System Actors 5.3 Process Flow 5.4 System Design 5.5 Development and Testing 6 Conclusion References Using Ethereum Smart Contracts for Payment Transactions 1 Introduction 2 Blockchain and Ethereum 2.1 Blockchain Security 2.2 Ethereum 3 Smart Contracts 4 Smart Contract Use Case and Examination 4.1 Smart Contract Examination 5 Conclusion and Future Development References Full Fuzzy Fractional Programming Based on the Extension Principle 1 Introduction 2 Brief Literature Review 3 Basic Terminology 4 Our Approach 5 Numerical Examples 6 Conclusion References Analytical Modelling of Graduated Economists’ Employment 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Background 3 Methodology and Data Acquiring Process 3.1 Individual Characteristics 3.2 Information on Undergraduate Studies and Acquired Competencies 3.3 Factors Determining Employment and Employability 3.4 Analytical Modelling 4 Findings 4.1 Sample Structure and Characteristics 4.2 Machine Learning and Cluster Analysis 5 Conclusion References An Approach to Corporate Credit Rating Prediction Using Computational Intelligence-Based Methods 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Background 2.1 Prediction Algorithms 2.2 Data Imputation Methods 3 Problem Setup 3.1 Data Modeling 3.2 Model Setup and Selection 4 Experiment and Numerical Results 4.1 Cross-Industry Analysis 4.2 Industry-Specific Analysis 5 Conclusion References Analysis of the Determinants of Graduates Employability 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 The Concept and Definition of Graduate Employability 2.2 Student Self-perceived Labor Integration/employability 2.3 Self – responsibility and Competencies of Students 3 Data and Methodology 4 Discussion of Results 4.1 Students’ Perception of the Necessary Changes in the Curriculum 4.2 Integration of Students in the Labor Market and Their Goals for the Future 4.3 Determinants of Labor Market Integration 4.4 Results from Binary Logistic Regression 5 Conclusion References Applying Lean Innovation in the Customs System Digitalization 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Background 2.1 Digitalization of Customs System 2.2 Conceptual Framework of Process Innovation 2.3 Application of Lean Approach in Process Innovation and Digitalization 3 Research Methodology 3.1 Process Innovation Guidelines as a Proposed Solution 3.2 Verification of the Proposed Guidelines for Process Innovation 3.3 The Structure of Empirical Verification 3.4 Sample Structure and Size 4 Discussion and Results 4.1 Evaluation of the Procedures at the Customs House of Departure 4.2 Evaluation of Guarantee Management 4.3 Evaluation of Procedures at Customs House of Transit 4.4 Evaluation of Procedures at Customs House of Destination 5 Conclusions References A Model for Financing Development Projects in Smart Communities 1 Introduction 2 Empirical Research of Investment in Local Communities 2.1 Research Methods 2.2 Research Results by Survey 3 The Model 3.1 Process Model and Information Flows 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Characteristics of Spreadsheet-Based Shadow IT in Serbian Companies 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology and Search Results 3 Findings 4 Conclusion Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Appendix 3 References Water Traffic Management Systems in Ports for Logistics and Seaport Services 1 Introduction 1.1 Research Area 1.2 Research Thesis 1.3 The Starting Point of the Research 2 Methods 2.1 Intelligent Systems 2.2 Predictive Model 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Digital Transformation of Commercial Banks in Serbia During COVID-19 Pandemic 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Data Analysis and Results 3.1 Value Propositions 3.2 Infrastructure Management 3.3 Customer Interface 3.4 Financial Aspects 4 Discussion References Digital Banking Services from Customer Perspective 1 Introduction 1.1 Financial Services in the Digital Era 1.2 Fintech and Digitalization in Banking 2 Literature Review 2.1 Digital Banking 2.2 Customers’ Intention to Use Digital Banking Services 3 Methodology of Research and Interpretation of Results 3.1 Research Methodology 3.2 Results 4 Conclusion References The Pathway for the Effective Digital Transformation of the Tax Administration in Serbia 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology and Data 4 Results and Discussion 5 Tax Digitalization Challenges 6 Conclusions and Policy Recommendations References A System for Tracking Organic Honey Production Using Blockchain Technologies 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Background 2.1 Blockchain 2.2 Internet of Things 3 Designing a System for Tracking Honey Production 3.1 Project Goals 3.2 Business Model 3.3 Process Modeling for Tracking Honey Production 3.4 Data Modeling for Tracking Honey Production 3.5 System Software Architecture 4 Prototype Development 4.1 Proposed Infrastructure 4.2 Device Prototype Development 4.3 Proposed Application Layout 5 Conclusion References A Methodological Approach for the Promotion of a New Fashion Brand Based on a Digital Marketing Strategy 1 Introduction 2 Digital Marketing in Fashion Industry 3 A Methodological Approach for the Promotion of a New Fashion Brand Based on a Digital Marketing Strategy 4 Pilot Implementation 4.1 Identifying Target Audience Preferences 4.2 Implementation of the Internet Marketing Plan 4.3 Business Result Analysis 5 Conclusion References Fostering Crowd-Based Open Innovations in Serbian Railways - Preliminary Readiness Assessment 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Open Innovation in Railways 2.2 Crowdsourcing Approach to Open Innovations 3 Research Methodology 3.1 Research Questions 3.2 Research Context 3.3 Procedure 3.4 Participants 4 Results 4.1 Example of One Proposes Solution 4.2 Survey Results 5 Conclusion References A Novel Approach to the Team Estimations in the Agile Software Development 1 Introduction 2 Estimation Techniques 3 Literature Review 4 Importance of the Estimation Process – Analysis of the Results from the Survey 5 Problem Formulation 6 Decision Support System for Estimates 7 Conclusion References Conceptual Framework for Measuring the Success of Digital Transformation Projects 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Project Success 2.2 Key Success Factors 3 Methodology 4 Defining the Success of Digital Transformation Projects 5 Conceptual Framework for Measuring the Success of Digital Transformation Projects 6 Discussion and Conclusion References Sustainable Business Management The Application of Product-Service System in Telecommunications 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Research Methodology 4 Results 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion References Managing Costs of Renewable Energy Companies for Sustainable Business 1 Introduction 2 Relevant Aspects of Understanding Renewable Energy Costs 2.1 The Importance of the Levelized Cost of Energy Method 2.2 Sustainable Management of Renewable Energy Projects 2.3 Managing Costs of Wind Energy 3 Exploring Different Approaches to Hydropower Cost Management 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Sustainable Economic Development and Digital Progress of EU Countries 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Data and Methodology 3.1 Data 3.2 Methodology 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Sustainable Development Goals Reporting in Public Sector Organizations 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Non-Financial Reporting in Public Sector 4 Sustainable Development Goals 5 Legislative Framework for NFR in the EU and NFR Frameworks 6 Results of Published Articles Analysis 7 Conclusion References Logistics 4.0 – Smart Transformation of Logistics and Supply Chain Management 1 Introduction 2 Impact of Industry 4.0 on Logistics Management 2.1 Industry 4.0 – History and Development 2.2 Digitalization of Logistics 3 Industry 4.0 and Logistics 4.0 4 The Conceptual Framework of Logistics 4.0 5 Conclusion References Route Planning in Small Medium-Size Companies: An Integrated and Sustainable Approach 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 An Analysis of the Planning Route Used by the Flower Companies 4.2 Proposed Zone to Delivery Products 4.3 Economic Analysis of Optimized Routes Proposed 5 Conclusions References Green Bonds - Sustainable Forms of Financing 1 Introduction 2 Characteristics of Green Bonds 2.1 Green Bond Concept and Forms 2.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Green Bonds 3 Representation of Green Bonds 4 Regulation of Green Bond Market 5 Conclusion References Bibliometric Survey on Microfinance for the SMEE Sector 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Microfinance Institutions and Microcredits 2.2 Microfinance and Access to Finance for the Small and Medium Size Enterprises 3 Methodology 4 Results 5 Discussion 5.1 Key Findings 5.2 Contributions 5.3 Implications 5.4 Limitations and Further Recommendations 6 Conclusion References Smart Tourism as a Strategic Response to Challenges of Tourism in the Post-COVID Era 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Interdependencies Between Tourism, Crises and Digital Transformation 3.1 Tourism Development and Growth 3.2 The Impact of Crises on Tourism 3.3 The Impact of Crises on Digital Transformation 4 Digital Technology as a Co-creator of Tourism Experience 4.1 Innovations and Digital Transformations in Tourism 4.2 Developing Smart Tourism Towards Sustainable Tourism 4.3 Best Smart Tourism Practices in Digitalisation 4.4 Smart Tourism and Future Challenges 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion References Demographic Changes and Pension System in Croatia 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Demographic Trends and Population Aging in Croatia 4 Croatian Pension System 4.1 Structure and Context 4.2 Sustainability and Adequacy Issues 5 Proposals for Improving the Croatian Pension System 6 Conclusion References A Systematic Classification of Key Performance Indicators in Human-Robot Collaboration 1 Introduction 2 Performance Indicators in Manufacturing Systems 3 Human-Robot Collaboration in Manufacturing Environments 3.1 The Advantage of Collaborative Robotics 4 KPIs in HRC 4.1 KPIs in HRC: A Systematization and Classification 4.2 Future Directions 5 Conclusion References Lenses of Lean in Non-repetitive Manufacturing: Systematic Literature Review 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Background 2.1 Lean in Non-repetitive Manufacturing 2.2 Lenses of Lean 3 Research Methodology 3.1 Research Questions 3.2 Article Sourcing 3.3 Article Screening 3.4 Article Analysis 3.5 Sample Characteristics 4 Research Results 4.1 Process Lens in Non-repetitive Manufacturing 4.2 Flow Lens in Non-repetitive Manufacturing 4.3 Network Lens in Non-repetitive Manufacturing 4.4 Organizational Lens in Non-repetitive Manufacturing 5 Discussion 5.1 How Are Lenses of Lean Currently Addressed in Non-repetitive Manufacturing Literature? 5.2 Are Lenses of Lean Useful for Practicing and Researching Lean in Non-repetitive Manufacturing? 5.3 What Do Lenses of Lean Lack in the Context of Non-repetitive Manufacturing 6 Conclusion References Telework Perceptions and Factors: What to Expect After the Covid-19 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methods 4 Results 5 Discussion 6 Conclusions References Are Future Project Managers Ready for a Digitalized World? 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 The 4th Industrial Revolution 2.2 Digital Economy 2.3 Popularization of Projectification 2.4 Necessary Skills in Digital World 3 Methodology 3.1 The Aims and the Objectives of the Study 3.2 Method 3.3 Questionnaire 3.4 Sample 4 Research Results 5 Discussion and Conclusion References Key Role of High-Tech Business Incubators Sustainable Governance in the Post-Covid Era 1 Introduction 2 Sustainable Governance of Business Incubators 2.1 Synergy Between Incubators and Startups 2.2 Sustainable Finance Management 2.3 Adoption of Metrics for Sustainable Governance of Business Incubators 3 Importance of High-Tech Incubators in Post-COVID Era 4 Discussion and Conclusion References Auditor’s Perception of Stress During the Covid19 in the Republic of Serbia 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Projectification in Work-Life Context of Women Top Managers: “Everything Is a Project” 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Ephemeralization 2.2 Projectification 2.3 Balancing It All? Women Top Managers 3 Methodology 3.1 Philosophical Worldview 3.2 Participant Selection 3.3 Data Collection and Analysis 3.4 Ethical Considerations 4 Results 4.1 The Intensification of Projects 4.2 Spatial Transformations 4.3 Prevalent Pressures 4.4 A Constant Balancing Act 5 Discussion and Conclusion References Personal Ethics Perception and Its Relation to the Expected Properties of a Good Leader 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 4 Results 5 Discussion and Conclusions References Evidence of Job Insecurity and Organizational Commitment Relationship: Empirical Insights from Millennial Employees’ Perspective During the COVID-19 Era 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 4 Results 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion 7 Limitations of the Study and Directions for Future Research References How Boards Participated in CEO Succession Before and During Covid 19 Crisis: A Case Study Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 4 The CEO Succession Process – A Case Analysis of Macedonian Joint-Stock Company 4.1 The First CEO Succession: Generation Change 4.2 The Second CEO Succession: CEO Turnover 4.3 Summary of the Key Characteristics of Both Case Studies 5 Discussion 6 Limitations 7 Conclusion References Internationalization and Sustainable Development: Export Market Strategies of Enterprises from Serbia and Germany 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Study Design 3.2 Data Collection and Data Analysis 4 Results 4.1 Sample Characteristics 4.2 Export Entry Modes 4.3 Non-export Entry Modes 5 Discussion and Conclusion References How Crisis Communication Strategies Affect Crisis Consequences? The Case of Food Industry 1 Introduction 2 The Concept of Reputational Crisis 2.1 Types of Reputational Crises 2.2 Phases of Reputational Crises 3 Crisis Communication Strategies 4 Consequences of Reputational Crises 5 Specifics of Crises in the Food Industry 6 Research Methodology 6.1 Sample Structure 6.2 Research Results 7 Conclusion References Author Index