Empires and Nations from the Eighteenth to the Twentieth Century: Volume 2

Description

This volume is the result of an international conference held at Sapienza University in Rome on June 20 and 21, 2013, as the final stage of the PRIN (Progetto di rilevante interesse nazionale) project Empires and Nations from the 18th to the 20th century, during which scholars from all over the world - academics, specialists, young researchers, PhD students and post-doctorates - confronted diverse, but connected, topics on the relations between multinational empires and the idea of the nation. In this way, the reality of the historical empires and national states was represented, and concepts such as identity, nationality, and sovereignty analyzed. The second volume is dedicated to the age of empires and colonialism, with particular reference to the colonial policy of the Great Powers (England, Russia, and Italy), the reality of post-colonial states, and to the different patterns of decolonization, including specific cases such as South Sudan, Azerbaijan, Iraq, Afghanistan and Palestine. Particular attention is paid to the economic systems of different countries and to the area of Southeastern Europe, particularly to Romania and its multicultural area Transylvania. To the Great War and the dissolution of the multinational empires ample space is dedicated, providing insights on border issues, ethnic conflicts, foreign policies, the Adriatic question, and the territorial conflict between Yugoslavia and Italy. The final part of the book analyzes communism, the bipolar system, and the East-West conflict that divided Europe for almost half a century, with specific contributions that discuss post-communist nations and states. TABLE OF CONTENTS PART IV CHAPTER TEN THE IMPACT OF BRITISH POLICYON THE INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEMOF THE KHANATE OF KALAT(NORTH-WEST INDIA, 1870–1914) THE FIRST TUNISIAN CRISIS (1864) THE BRITISH EMPIRE IN SOUTH AFRICA,1875–1881 IMPERIALISM OF KAISER WILHELM II “THE MORO PROBLEM” DEFENSIVE MODERNIZATIONAND SELF-INDUCED COLONIALISM COLONIALISM THROUGH EMIGRATION THE RUSSIAN ATTEMPTTO COLONIZE EAST AFRICA CHAPTER ELEVEN SOUTH SUDAN THE CHALLENGESOF A POSTCOLONIAL NATION THE FIRST FAILURESOF THE UNO IN PALESTINE IRAQ AND THE OIL COLD WAR THE SOVIET INTERVENTION IN AFGHANISTANAS A CONTINUATION OF THE IMPERIAL POLICYOF TSARIST RUSSIA THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTIONSYSTEM IN THE AFRICAN FRENCHAND BRITISH COLONIES DURING 1945–1989 CHAPTER TWELVE GERMAN CAPITAL IN GEORGIA AT THE ENDOF THE NINETEENTH AND THE BEGINNINGOF THE TWENTIETH CENTURYAND ITS IMPORTANCE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES BETWEEN ITALYAND ROMANIA AFTER THE WARAND THE BIRTH OF THE ROMANIAN-ITALIANCOMMERCIAL BANK SOCIAL INTEGRATION IN THE CONTEXTOF REGIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION(ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SOUTHCAUCASIAN STATES) RECONFIGURING ROMANIAN ARCHITECTUREBY THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1950S WAR AND EMPIRE COMPANIES AND FIRMSIN THE “ITALIAN SOMALIA”(1960–1970) PART V CHAPTER THIRTEEN EARLY BRITISH DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTIONSOF MONTENEGRO (1840–1880) THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTSOF THE ALBANIAN POPULATION OF CHAMERIAIN FRONT OF GREEK MUNICIPAL LAWAND INTERNATIONAL LAW 1913–1926 THE GREEK ORTHODOXCOMMUNITY OF MYTILENE CHAPTER FOURTEEN REFLECTIONS ON THE POLITICAL CULTUREOF THE ROMANIANS FROM TRANSYLVANIAAND HUNGARY (1848–1914) THE ECCLESIASTICAL ELITEIN THE ROMANIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENTFROM TRANSYLVANIADURING THE SEMI-LIBERAL PERIOD(1860–1865) HOW THE LIBERALS MONOPOLIZEDCULTURAL NATIONALISM INFUSING POLITICSWITH NATIONAL IDEOLOGY IN ROMANIAAT THE TURN OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY THE NATIONAL QUESTION IN TRANSYLVANIAIN THE PERIOD AROUND THE AUSGLEICH FROM PROTEST PETITIONSTO PARLIAMENTARY ACTION POLITICS AND PARLIAMENTARISM COMING LATE TO THE PARTY CHAPTER FIFTEEN GERMANY’S NEXT WAR MONTENEGRO IN ITALIAN FOREIGN POLICYDURING THE BALKAN WARS (1912–1913) THE ITALIAN INTELLIGENTSIA AND ARMEDINTERVENTION IN THE GREAT WAR RELIGIOUS AND ETHNIC IDENTITIESIN THE FIRST WORLD WAR MACEDONIA DRAFTING THE HUNGARIAN-YUGOSLAVBORDE ETHNIC CONFLICTS IN CILICIAAND THE TURKISH WAR OF INDEPENDENCE1918–1922 RECONSTRUCTION PROJECTS OF ROMANIANAND HUNGARIAN STATES AFTER 1918 CHAPTER SIXTEEN FROM THE SECOND TO THE THIRD REICH ASPECTS OF POLITICAL COOPERATIONBETWEEN ITALIAN AND GERMANCOMMUNISTS DURING THE PERIODOF THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC DIPLOMACY AND PROPAGANDA IN ROMANIA(1918–1946) THE PERSPECTIVES OF THE MONARCHYIN INTERWAR ROMANIA REGIONAL SECURITY PACTS IN SOUTHEASTEUROPE BETWEEN THE TWO WORLD WARS CHAPTER SEVENTEEN BETWEEN WAR AND REVOLUTION YUGOSLAV-ITALIAN RELATIONSAND THE ADRIATIC ISSUE IN THE LATE1918 AND THE EARLY 1919 THE EASTERN ADRIATICIN THE CROATIAN NATIONAL REVIVAL THE TRIESTE QUESTIONAND THE 1948 ELECTIONS IN ITALY THE LAST RISORGIMENTO PART VI CHAPTER EIGHTEEN THE FAILURE TO COPE WITH SOCIALISTREALISM IN THE SOVIET UNION OF THE 1930S(ANDREI PLATONOV) NATIONALISM AND SOCIALISM IN ROMANIA GH. GHEORGHIU-DEJ AND THE ROOTSOF THE ROMANIAN DISSIDENCE INSIDETHE COMMUNIST CAMP NATIONAL INTERESTSAND INTERNATIONAL COMMUNISM ENVIRONMENT, REAL SOCIALISMAND SUSTAINABILITY IN RUSSIA ENVIRONMENT, POLLUTIONAND ECO-NATIONALISM IN THE USSR CHAPTER NINETEEN OUTER SPACE THE FEAR AND THE SOLUTION SOCIALISM AND NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY IMPERIAL LEGACYAND COLD WAR RATIONALE THE END OF THE COLD WARAND NEW CHALLENGES TO DEMOCRACY CHAPTER TWENTY THE DEBATE ON THE GERMAN NATIONAFTER THE FALL OF THE BERLIN WALL THE CZECH REPUBLICAND THE MODERN CZECH NATION THE ALIBI OF MEMORIES POISONED SUPPORT?A HYPOTHESIS ON US POLICY TOWARDSYUGOSLAVIA, 1981–1991 THE DEFEAT OF DEMOCRATIC YUGOSLAVISMIN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA BETWEEN NATIONS AND EMPIRES SOFT POWER AND ITS INFLUENCEON THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES THE ROMANIAN STRUGGLE FOR DÉTENTEINSIDE THE WARSAW TREATY (1955–1965)