Globalization: The Essentials, 2nd Edition

Description

A concise exploration of globalization and its role in the contemporary era. Driven by technological advancements and global corporations, more and more people are swept up by globalizing processes, creating new winners and losers. Globalization: The Essentials explores the flows, structures, processes, and consequences of globalization in the modern economic, political, and cultural landscape. This comprehensive introduction offers balanced coverage of areas such as global economic and cultural flows, environmental sustainability, the impact of technology, and racial, economic, and gender inequality — providing readers with foundational knowledge of globalization. Extensively revised and updated, this second edition includes expanded coverage of human trafficking and migration, global climate change, fake news and information wars, and transnational social movements with increased emphasis on examples from Central and South America, Africa, and Asia: • Offers a straightforward approach to the multiple facets of globalization and their positive and negative influences on contemporary society • Employs unique metaphors and a coherent narrative structure to promote intuitive understanding of abstract concepts • Introduces cutting-edge research, updated statistics, and real-world examples in areas such as rising global populism, social justice movements, blockchain technology, and cryptocurrencies • Provides an efficient and flexible pedagogical structure, allowing integration with instructor’s own course material Emphasizing student comprehension, a wide range of source material is incorporated including empirical research, relevant theories, newspaper and magazine articles, and popular books and monographs. Examples of current research and recent global developments, such as emerging economies and global health concerns, encourage classroom discussion and promote independent study. Globalization: The Essentials — a compact edition of the authors’ full-sized textbook Globalization: A Basic Text — provides concise coverage of the central concepts of this dynamic field. Offering a multidisciplinary approach, this textbook is an invaluable primary or supplemental resource for undergraduate study in any social science field, as well as coursework on economics, migration, inequality and stratification, and politics. PREFACE......Page 12 ABOUT THE COMPANION WEBSITE......Page 13 CHAPTER 1: Globalization......Page 14 CONCEPTUALIZING GLOBALIZATION......Page 17 ORIGINS AND HISTORY OF GLOBALIZATION......Page 35 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 44 REFERENCES......Page 46 CHAPTER 2: Theorizing Globalization......Page 54 IMPERIALISM......Page 55 COLONIALISM......Page 57 DEVELOPMENT......Page 59 AMERICANIZATION......Page 62 NEOLIBERALISM......Page 66 NEO‐MARXIAN THEORIES......Page 77 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 84 FURTHER READING......Page 87 REFERENCES......Page 88 CHAPTER 3: Structuring the Global Economy......Page 96 BEFORE BRETTON WOODS......Page 97 BRETTON WOODS AND THE BRETTON WOODS SYSTEM......Page 99 THE END OF BRETTON WOODS......Page 111 CHANGES IN, AND CRITIQUES OF, BRETTON WOODS‐ERA ORGANIZATIONS......Page 112 OTHER IMPORTANT ECONOMIC ORGANIZATIONS......Page 117 THE ROLE OF EMERGING ECONOMIES......Page 119 THE MULTINATIONAL CORPORATION (MNC)......Page 120 THE MYTH OF ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION?......Page 124 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 125 REFERENCES......Page 127 CHAPTER 4: Global Economic Flows......Page 133 TRADE......Page 134 INCREASING COMPETITION FOR COMMODITIES......Page 142 THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE FLOW OF OIL......Page 144 RACE TO THE BOTTOM AND UPGRADING......Page 147 OUTSOURCING......Page 150 FINANCIAL GLOBALIZATION......Page 153 CONSUMPTION......Page 158 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 164 FURTHER READING......Page 165 REFERENCES......Page 166 CHAPTER 5: Global Political Structures and Processes......Page 174 ON POLITICAL FLOWS......Page 175 THE NATION‐STATE......Page 176 IN DEFENSE OF THE NATION‐STATE......Page 182 “IMAGINED COMMUNITY”......Page 183 CHANGES IN GLOBAL NATION‐STATE RELATIONS......Page 186 UNITED NATIONS (UN)......Page 191 GLOBAL GOVERNANCE......Page 193 CIVIL SOCIETY......Page 198 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 208 FURTHER READING......Page 210 REFERENCES......Page 211 CHAPTER 6: High‐Tech Global Flows and Structures......Page 218 TECHNOLOGY, TIME–SPACE COMPRESSION, AND DISTANCIATION......Page 219 MASS MEDIA......Page 228 THE INTERNET AND SOCIAL MEDIA......Page 236 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 249 FURTHER READING......Page 251 REFERENCES......Page 252 CHAPTER 7: Global Culture and Cultural Flows......Page 257 CULTURAL DIFFERENTIALISM......Page 259 CULTURAL HYBRIDIZATION......Page 265 CULTURAL CONVERGENCE......Page 271 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 288 FURTHER READING......Page 289 REFERENCES......Page 291 CHAPTER 8: Global Flows of Migrants......Page 297 MIGRANTS......Page 298 MIGRATION......Page 299 THE CASE AGAINST THE BACKLASH TO UNDOCUMENTED, OR “ILLEGAL,” IMMIGRATION......Page 316 REMITTANCES......Page 320 DIASPORA......Page 323 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 327 FURTHER READING......Page 328 REFERENCES......Page 329 CHAPTER 9: Global Environmental Flows......Page 335 MODERNIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS......Page 337 DIFFERENCES AMONG NATION‐STATES......Page 341 GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE......Page 342 OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS......Page 347 GLOBAL RESPONSES......Page 353 COLLAPSE......Page 363 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 364 FURTHER READING......Page 366 REFERENCES......Page 367 CHAPTER 10: Negative Global Flows and Processes......Page 374 DANGEROUS IMPORTS......Page 376 BORDERLESS DISEASES......Page 377 TERRORISM......Page 381 WAR......Page 390 THE IMPACT OF NEGATIVE GLOBAL FLOWS ON INDIVIDUALS......Page 401 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 403 FURTHER READING......Page 405 REFERENCES......Page 406 CHAPTER 11: Economic Power and Inequality......Page 412 CLASS INEQUALITY......Page 413 GLOBAL CITIES......Page 428 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 438 REFERENCES......Page 440 CHAPTER 12: Global Inequalities II......Page 445 DEFINING MAJORITY–MINORITY RELATIONS......Page 446 RACE AND ETHNICITY......Page 455 GENDER......Page 463 SEXUALITY......Page 472 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 475 FURTHER READING......Page 477 REFERENCES......Page 478 CHAPTER 13: Dealing with, Resisting, and the Future of Globalization......Page 486 DEALING WITH GLOBALIZATION......Page 487 RESISTING GLOBALIZATION......Page 499 SOCIAL MOVEMENTS......Page 506 THE FUTURES OF GLOBALIZATION......Page 512 CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 517 FURTHER READING......Page 518 REFERENCES......Page 519 INDEX......Page 526 END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT......Page 586