The Ransom Logion in Mark and Matthew: Its Reception and Its Significance for the Study of the Gospels

Description

The ransom logion, as presented in Mark 10:45/Matthew 20:28, is the only place in the synoptic gospels outside the Last Supper where Jesus gives a beneficial interpretation of his upcoming death. This fact has generated much discussion about the authenticity and scriptural background of the ransom logion in Mark and Matthew. However, no one has examined the early reception of the ransom logion, nor has anyone explored the significance of that reception for the critical study of Mark 10:45 and Matthew 20:28. In this study J. Christopher Edwards fills these lacunae by examining the reception of the ransom logion from the New Testament through the third century and by exploring the potential significance of that reception for the critical study of Mark and Matthew. The rationale for this exploration relies on the fact that there are observable patterns displayed in the reception of the ransom logion, which may reflect how it functions in Mark 10:45 and Matthew 20:28. Cover Preface Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introduction and Methodology 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Three Issues in the Study of Mark 10.45/Matthew 20.28 1.2.1 The (Dis)Association of the Ransom Logion with the Eucharist 1.2.2 A Preexistent Coming in Mark 10.45/Matthew 20.28 1.2.3 The Scriptural Background of Mark 10.45/Matthew 20.28 1.2.3.1 Isaiah 53 1.2.3.2 Daniel 7; 9 1.2.3.3 Isaiah 43 1.3 Methodology for Examining the Reception of the Ransom Logion 1.3.1 Standard Terminology 1.3.2 Tools for Gathering Receptions of the Ransom Logion 1.3.3 Classification of Receptions 1.4 Social Memory 1.5 Rationale for Exploring the Reception’s Significance for the Study of Mark 10.45/Matthew 20.28 1.5.1 The Pre-Markan Connectedness of the Ransom Logion 1.5.2 Rationale for Exploring the Reception’s Significance for the Study of Mark 10.45/Matthew 20.28 1.6 Conclusion Chapter 2. The Reception of the Ransom Logion in the New Testament 2.1 Introduction 2.2 1Timothy 2.6 and Titus 2.14 2.2.1 Titus 2.14 2.2.2 1Timothy 2.6 2.3 Galatians 1.4 2.4 Galatians 2.20; Ephesians 5.2, 25 2.5 John 10.11, 15; 15.13; 1John 3.16 2.6 Ambiguous Texts (Luke 22.27; 1Peter 1.18–19) 2.6.1 Luke 22.27 2.6.2 1Peter 1.18–19 2.7 Conclusion Chapter 3. The Reception of the Ransom Logion from the New Testament through 200 CE 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Clement of Alexandria, Paedagogus 1.9.85.1–2; Quis Dives Salvetur 37.4 3.2.1 Paedagogus 1.9.85.1–2 3.2.2 Quis Dives Salvetur 37.4 3.3 Irenaeus, Against Heresies 5.1.1 (Cf. 1Clement 49.6) 3.4 Epistle to Diognetus 9.2 3.5 The Gospel of Truth I,3 20.14 3.6 The Sentences of Sextus 336 3.7 Conclusion Chapter 4. The Reception of the Ransom Logion from 200 through 300 CE 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Hippolytus, On The Great Song 1; On Proverbs 75 4.2.1 On The Great Song 1 4.2.2 On Proverbs 75 4.3 Origen 4.3.1 Commentary on Matthew 20.28 4.3.2 Fragment on Luke 14.6 4.3.3 Commentary on Psalm 29.10; 43.27; 115.3; 129.3–5 (Questionable Authenticity) 4.3.3.1 Commentary on Psalm 29.10 4.3.3.2 Commentary on Psalm 43.27 4.3.3.3 Commentary on Psalm 115.3 4.3.3.4 Commentary on Psalm 129.3–5 4.3.4 Fragments on Ephesians 1.7; 1Corinthians 6.19–20 4.3.4.1 Fragment on Ephesians 1.7 4.3.4.2 Fragment on 1Corinthians 6.19–20 4.3.5 Conclusion 4.4 The Acts of Thomas 39; 72 4.4.1 The Acts of Thomas 39 4.4.2 The Acts of Thomas 72 4.5 Pseudo Clement of Rome, Homilies 12.7.5 4.6 Didascalia Apostolorum 16 4.7 The Teachings of Silvanus VII,4 104.12–13 4.8 The Gospel of Philip II,3 52.35–53.3 4.9 The Tripartite Tractate I,5 120.13 4.10 Eusebius of Caesarea 4.10.1 Demonstratio Evangelica 10.8.33–35 (Cf. De Theophania 9) 4.10.2 Commentary on Isaiah 43.1–2; 60.5–7 4.10.2.1 Commentary on Isaiah 43.1–2 4.10.2.2 Commentary on Isaiah 60.5–7 4.10.3 Commentary on Psalm 54.20; 71.12–14; 131.1 4.10.3.1 Commentary on Psalm 54.20 4.10.3.2 Commentary on Psalm 71.12–14 4.10.3.3 Commentary on Psalm 131.1 4.11 Conclusion Chapter 5. The Significance for the Study of Mark 10.45/Matthew 20.28 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Tradition-Focused Chart 5.3 Significance for the Disassociation of the Ransom Logion with the Eucharist 5.3.1 The Reception of the Ransom Logion 5.3.2 Exegetical Considerations 5.3.3 Conclusion 5.4 Significance for a Preexistent Coming in Mark 10.45/Matthew 20.28 5.4.1 The Reception of the Ransom Logion 5.4.1.1 Pattern Applicable to the Ransom Logion ᵃ–ᵇ 5.4.1.2 Pattern Applicable to the Ransom Logion ᶜ 5.4.1.3 The Importance of Philippians 2.6–8 5.4.1.4 Conclusion 5.4.2 Significance for a Preexistent Coming in Mark 10.45/Matthew 20.28 5.4.2.1 Historical and Exegetical Considerations 5.4.2.2 The Importance of Philippians 2.6–8 5.4.3 Conclusion 5.5 Significance for the Scriptural Background of Mark 10.45/Matthew 20.28 5.5.1 The Reception of the Ransom Logion 5.5.1.1 Pattern Applicable to Isaiah 53 5.5.1.2 Pattern Applicable to Daniel 7; 9 5.5.1.3 Pattern Applicable to Isaiah 43 5.5.2 Exegetical Considerations 5.5.3 Conclusion: The Contribution of the Reception History Chapter 6. Conclusion Bibliography A. Primary Sources B. Secondary Literature Index of Ancient Sources A. Old Testament (with Deuterocanonicals) B. New Testament C. Old Testament Pseudepigrapha D. Early Christian Literature Index of Modern Authors Index of Subjects