Civilizing Chengdu: Chinese Urban Reform, 1895-1937

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This work examines the history of urban planning and administration during modern China's first age of city-centred politics, focusing on the new policies of the late Qing and the city administration movement of the 1930s. Civilizing Chengdu: Chinese Urban Reform, 1895-1937 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS CONTENTS Maps and Figures Introduction 1 Late Imperial Chengdu, Provincial City Chengdu as a Premodern Chinese City Particularities of Chengdu's History and Geography Chengdu as a Provincial City Governing Chengdu in the Late Qing 2 Nation Building and the City, 1895-1911 The Background of the New Policies: Imperialism and Internal Unrest The Place of Cities in the Theory of the Late Qing Reforms The Place of Provincial Cities in the Implementation of the New Policies Zhou Shanpei: Chengdu's Confucian Technocrat 3 The Key to Urban Reform: The New Police The Chengdu Force: Officers and Constables Police Commissioners and Street Headmen Policing the Streets Local Reaction to the Force 4 The Wmds of Progress: The Late Qing Urban Reform Agenda Chengdu's Reform Community Receptivity to Change The Police Program: Beggars, Prostitutes, and Public Health State-Supervised Self-regulation: New Urban Bureaucracies and Associations The Urban Landscape 5 Self-government and Revolution Constitutionalism in Chengdu: Legal Reform Constitutionalism in Chengdu: Provincial Assembly and City Council The Political Crisis of 1910-11 Chengdu on Strike and Besieged The End of Qing Rule in Chengdu 6 After the Revolution: Soldiers, Sages, and Gowned Brothers Chengdu in the Civil Wars: The Decay of Formal Administration Chengdu in the Civil Wars: Changes in City Form Networks of Gowned Brothers Social Order and Cultural Change During the Early Republic The Five Elders and Seven Sages and the Evolution of the Urban Reform Community 7 The City Administration Movement of the 1920s Yang Sen's Chengdu Labors The Sources of Yang- Senism Yang Sen in the Eyes of Chengdu Elites Maintaining Public Order in the Face of Unpopular Urban Reform Resistance via Ridicule: Liu Shiliang's "Reactionary" Wit The Urban Administration Consensus in the Nationalist Era 8 Legacy of the New Policies: Continuity and Change in Chengdu in Comparative Perspective The Dynamics of Change The Extent of Change Chengdu in Comparative Perspective Reference Matter Notes Works Cited Character List Index Harvard East Asian Monographs