Mader's understanding human anatomy & physiology

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Cover Title Copyright Contents About the Author Preface PART I Human Organization Chapter 1 Organization of the Body 1.1 The Human Body 1.2 Anatomical Terms 1.3 Body Cavities and Membranes 1.4 Organ Systems Medical focus: Meningitis and Serositis 1.5 Homeostasis Medical Focus: Imaging the Body Chapter 2 Chemistry of Life 2.1 Basic Chemistry 2.2 Water, Acids, and Bases I.C.E. — In case of Emergency: When There’s a Poison Involved 2.3 Molecules of Life 2.4 Carbohydrates 2.5 Lipids 2.6 Proteins Medical Focus: Prions: Malicious Proteins? 2.7 Nucleic Acids Medical Focus: The Deadly Effects of High-Level Radiation Chapter 3 Cell Structure and Function 3.1 Cellular Organization Visusal Focus 3.2 Crossing the Plasma Membrane Medical Focus: Dehydration and Water Intoxication 3.3 The Cell Cycle Focus on Forensics: DNA Fingerprinting Chapter 4 Body Tissues and Membranes 4.1 Epithelial Tissue 4.2 Connective Tissue 4.3 Muscular Tissue Medical Focus: Necrotizing Fasciitis 4.4 Nervous Tissue 4.5 Extracellular Junctions, Glands, and Membranes Medical Focus: Cancer: The Traitor Inside What's New: Targeting the Traitor Inside What's New: 3-D Printing to Create Complex Tissues PART II Support, Movement, and Protection Chapter 5 The Integumentary System 5.1 Structure of the Skin Medical Focus: Decubitus Ulcers 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin 5.3 Functions of the Skin 5.4 Disorders of the Skin I.C.E. — In Case of Emergency 5.5 Effects of Aging 5.6 Homeostasis Medical Focus: Body Art: Buyer Beware! Chapter 6 The Skeletal System 6.1 Skeleton: Overview Medical Focus: Osteoporosis I.C.E. — In Case of Emergency: Broken Bones 6.2 Axial Skeleton Medical Focuas: Oh, My Aching Back—Options for Back Injuries 6.3 Appendicular Skeleton 6.4 Joints (Articulations) 6.5 Effects of Aging 6.6 Homeostasis Focus on Forensics: Skeletal Remains Chapter 7 The Muscular System 7.1 Functions and Types of Muscles 7.2 Microscopic Anatomy and Contraction of Skeletal Muscle Visual Focus 7.3 Muscle Responses Focus on Forensics: Rigor Mortis 7.4 Skeletal Muscles of the Body 7.5 Skeletal Muscle Groups 7.6 Effects of Aging 7.7 Homeostasis Medical Focus: Benefits of Exercise Medical Focus: Muscular Disorders and Neuromuscular Disease PART III Integration and Coordinattion Chapter 8 The Nervous System 8.1 Nervous System Visual Focus Medical Focus: Research on Alzheimer Disease: Causes, Treatments, Prevention, and Hope for a Cure 8.2 Central Nervous System What's New: Epidural Stimulation in Spinal Cord Injuries: Cause for Hope: In Memoriam: Christopher Reeve, 1952–2004 What's New: Brain in a Petri Dish: A Human Model for Alzheimer Research I.C.E. — In Case of Emergency: Traumatic Brain Injury 8.3 Peripheral Nervous System Visual Focus 8.4 Effects of Aging 8.5 Homeostasis Medical Focus: Parkinson’s Disease Chapter 9 The Sensory System 9.1 General Senses 9.2 Senses of Taste and Smell 9.3 Sense of Vision What's New: Detecting Alzheimer Disease with Eye Exams Medical Focus: Corrective Lenses Medical Focus: Eye Diseases and Disorders Focus on Forensics: Retinal Hemorrhage in Shaken Baby Syndrome 9.4 Sense of Hearing 9.5 Sense of Equilibrium Medical Focus: Hearing Damage and Deafness 9.6 Effects of Aging Chapter 10 The Endocrine System 10.1 Endocrine Glands 10.2 Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland Visual Focus 10.3 Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands 10.4 Adrenal Glands 10.5 Pancreas I.C.E. — In Case of Emergency: Insulin Shock and Diabetic Ketoacidosis 10.6 Additional Endocrine Glands What's New: Options for Type I Diabetics: The Artificial Pancreas System, Beta Cell Transplants, and the BioHub Medical Focus: Side Effects of Anabolic Steroids 10.7 The Importance of ChemicalSignals 10.8 Effects of Aging 10.9 Homeostasis PART IV Maintenance of the body Chapter 11 Blood 11.1 The Composition and Functions of Blood 11.2 Components of Blood Visual Focus Medical Focus: Abnormal Red and White Blood Cell Counts 11.3 Platelets and Hemostasis I.C.E. — In Case of Emergency: Hemorrhage 11.4 Blood Typing and Transfusions 11.5 Effects of Aging What's New: Improvements in Transfusion Technology Focus on Forensics: Blood at the Crime Scene Chapter 12 The Cardiovascular System 12.1 Anatomy of the Heart 12.2 Physiology of the Heart Medical Focus: Arteriosclerosis, Atherosclerosis, and Coronary Artery Disease Medical Focus: The Electrocardiogram 12.3 Anatomy of Blood Vessels 12.4 Physiology of Circulation I.C.E. — In Case of Emergency: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Automated External Defibrillation 12.5 Circulatory Routes Medical Focus: Preventing Cardiovascular Disease 12.6 Effects of Aging What's New: Novel Stent for the Severest Strokes 12.7 Homeostasis Chapter 13 The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses 13.1 Lymphatic System 13.2 Organs, Tissues, and Cells of the Immune System Medical Focus: The Lymphatic System and Illness 13.3 Nonspecific and Specific Defenses Visual Focus 13.4 Creating an Immune Response Madical Focus: AIDS Epidemic Medical Focus: Immunization: The Great Protector Medical Focus: Influenza: A Constant Threat of Pandemic What's New: Parasite Prescription for Autoimmune Disease 13.5 Effects of Aging 13.6 Homeostasis Chapter 14 The Respiratory System 14.1 The Respiratory System I.C.E. — In Case of Emergency: Lung Collapse 14.2 Mechanism of Breathing 14.3 Gas Exchange and Transport 14.4 Respiration and Health Medical Focus: The Most-Often-Asked Questions About Tobacco and Health What's New: Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Surgical Treatment for Asthma 14.5 Effects of Aging 14.6 Homeostasis Chapter 15 The Digestive System 15.1 Anatomy of the Digestive System Focus on Forensics: The Stories That Teeth Can Tell 15.2 Accessory Organs of Digestion Medical Focus: Disorders of the Digestive Tract 15.3 Chemical Digestion 15.4 Effects of Aging 15.5 Homeostasis 15.6 Nutrition Medical Focus: Tips for Effectively Using Nutrition Labels Medical Focus: Bariatric Surgery for Obesity Chapter 16 The Urinary System and Excretion 16.1 Urinary System 16.2 Anatomy of the Kidney and Excretion Visual Focus 16.3 Regulatory Functions of the Kidneys 16.4 Problems with Kidney Function Focus on Forensics: Urinalysis Medical Focus: Prostate Enlargement and Prostate Cancer 16.5 Effects of Aging 16.6 Homeostasis PART V Reproduction and Development Chapter 17 The Reproductive System 16.1 Human Life Cycle 16.2 Male Reproductive System 16.3 Female Reproductive System Visual Focus Medical Focus: Ovarian Cancer 16.4 Control of Reproduction and Sexually Transmitted Infections Medical Focus: Breast and Testicular Self-Exams for Cancer Medical Focus: Endocrine-Disrupting Contaminants Medical Focus: Preventing Transmission of STIs 16.5 Effects of Aging 16.6 Homeostasis Focus on Forensics: Rape Chapter 18 Human Development and Birth 18.1 Fertilization 18.2 Development Medical Focus: Therapeutic Cloning 18.3 Birth Medical Focus: Premature Babies Medical Focus: Preventing Birth Defects Chapter 19 Human Genetics 19.1 Chromosomal Inheritance 19.2 Genetic Inheritance 19.3 DNA Technology Medical Focus: Preimplantation Genetic Studies What's New: A Profound Dilemma: Bioengineered Babies Focus on Forensics: The Innocence Project Appendix A Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Photo Credits Front Matter Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 5 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Glossary/Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z