Nanoparticles in analytical and medical devices

Description

Title-page_2020_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-and-Medical-Devices Nanoparticles in Analytical and Medical Devices Copyright_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-and-Medical-Devices Copyright Contents_2020_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-and-Medical-Devices Contents List-of-Contributors_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-and-Medical-Devices List of Contributors 1---Introduction-to-nanoparticles-and-a_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-and 1 Introduction to nanoparticles and analytical devices 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Nanoparticles and types 1.2.1 Gold nanoparticles 1.2.2 Silver nanoparticles 1.2.3 Iron nanoparticles 1.2.4 Zinc oxide nanoparticles 1.2.5 Silica nanoparticles 1.2.6 Cobalt nanoparticles 1.2.7 Strontium nanoparticles 1.2.8 Titanium nanoparticles 1.3 Nanoparticles in analytical devices 1.3.1 Surface plasmon resonance and nanoparticles 1.3.2 Nanoparticle-integrated waveguide-mode sensors 1.3.3 Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy 1.3.4 Nanoparticle-integrated electrochemical sensors 1.3.5 Nanogap biosensor 1.4 Sensitivity improvement by gold nanoparticle-conjugates 1.5 Conclusion References Further reading 2---Nanoparticle-synthetic-methods--stre_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-an 2 Nanoparticle synthetic methods: strength and limitations 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Synthesis of nanoparticle 2.3 Physical method 2.3.1 Evaporation-condensation 2.3.2 Laser ablation 2.3.3 Arc-discharge method 2.4 Chemical method 2.4.1 Chemical reduction 2.4.2 Irradiation 2.4.3 Electrochemical method 2.4.4 Microemulsion method 2.4.5 Photoreduction 2.5 Biological methods 2.5.1 Plants 2.5.2 Microorganism 2.6 Conclusion References 3---Natural-resources-for-nanopartic_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-and-Me 3 Natural resources for nanoparticle synthesis 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Volcanic ash 3.3 Soil 3.3.1 Clay minerals 3.3.2 Metal (hydr) oxides 3.3.3 Humic substances 3.4 Natural water 3.5 Plant extracts 3.5.1 Phenolics 3.5.2 Flavonoids 3.5.3 Terpenoids 3.5.4 Protein and amino acids 3.6 Plant biomass References 4---Characterization-of-nanoparticles-usin_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical- 4 Characterization of nanoparticles using nano-analytical techniques 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Application of the nanoparticles 4.3 Characterization of nanoparticles 4.3.1 UV-Vis spectrophotometry 4.3.2 Morphological analysis 4.3.2.1 Scanning electron microscope 4.3.2.2 Transmission electron microscope 4.3.3 Structural and elemental analysis 4.3.3.1 Energy dispersive X-ray 4.3.3.2 X-ray powder diffraction 4.3.3.3 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 4.3.3.4 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 4.4 Conclusions References 5---Nanoparticle-in-composite-ma_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-and-Medica 5 Nanoparticle in composite material 5.1 Nanoparticle in composite 5.1.1 Composite 5.1.2 Composite enhancement with nanoparticle 5.2 Generation of nanoparticle-assisted composite 5.3 Nanoparticle-assisted composite applications References 6---Nanoparticles-in-electrochemical-bi_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-and 6 Nanoparticles in electrochemical bioanalytical analysis 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Nanoparticles in electrochemical systems 6.2.1 Metal nanoparticles 6.2.2 Inorganic nanoparticles 6.2.3 Metal oxide nanoparticles 6.2.4 Metal sulfides 6.2.5 Quantum dots 6.2.6 Magnetic nanoparticles 6.2.7 Carbon-based nanoparticles 6.2.8 Polyoxometalates 6.3 Electrochemical analysis types 6.3.1 Electrochemical analytical applications 6.3.1.1 Potentiometry 6.3.1.2 Coulometry 6.3.1.3 Voltammetry 6.3.1.4 Conductimetric 6.3.1.5 Amperometric 6.3.1.6 Impedimetric 6.4 Concluding remarks References 7---Nanoparticles--an-emerging-platform_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-and 7 Nanoparticles: an emerging platform for medical imaging 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Nanoparticles for biomedical imaging 7.2.1 Gold nanoparticles 7.2.2 Quantum dots 7.2.3 Iron oxide nanoparticles 7.2.4 Carbon nanotubes 7.2.5 Magnetic nanoparticles 7.2.6 Dendrimers 7.3 Lipid-based pharmaceutical nanocarriers for imaging 7.3.1 Liposomes 7.3.2 Micelles 7.4 Application of nanoparticles with different imaging modalities 7.4.1 Fluorescence imaging 7.4.2 Magnetic resonance imaging 7.4.3 Computed tomography scanning 7.4.4 Ultrasound 7.4.5 Positron emission tomography single-photon emission computed tomography 7.5 Conclusion and future perspective References 8---Nanoparticles-for-biomedical-imagi_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-and- 8 Nanoparticles for biomedical imaging advancements 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Magnetic resonance imaging 8.3 SPIONs in Imaging 8.3.1 Mechanism of SPIONs 8.4 Paramagnetic nanoparticles 8.5 Computed tomography scanning 8.6 Multimodal imaging 8.7 Iron oxide nanoparticles 8.8 Gold nanoparticles 8.9 Quantum dots 8.10 Gadolinium nanoparticles 8.11 Carbon nanomaterials 8.12 Silica nanoparticles 8.13 Nanocomposites 8.14 Conclusion Acknowledgment Abbreviations References 9---Nanoparticle-mediated-diagnosis-of-clinical-bio_2021_Nanoparticles-in-An 9 Nanoparticle mediated diagnosis of clinical biomarkers of different diseases: a medical application of nanotechnology 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Nanoparticle mediated diagnosis in different clinical diseases 9.2.1 Nanoparticles and diabetes 9.2.2 Nanoparticles and neurodegerative diseases 9.2.3 Nanoparticle and cancer 9.2.4 Nanoparticle and clinical diseases 9.2.5 Nanoparticles and atherosclerosis 9.3 Conclusion References 10---Nanoparticles-in-medical-i_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-and-Medical 10 Nanoparticles in medical imaging 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Structure and composition 10.3 Nanoparticles in fluorescence imaging 10.3.1 Advantages and limits of fluorescence imaging 10.3.2 Application in biomedical imaging 10.3.3 Examples used in fluorescence imaging 10.4 Nanoparticles in MRI imaging 10.4.1 Advantages and limitations 10.4.2 Application in biomedical imaging 10.4.3 Examples used in MRI imaging 10.5 Nanoparticles in computed tomography imaging applications 10.5.1 Advantages and limitations 10.5.2 Application in biomedical imaging 10.5.3 Examples used in CT imaging 10.6 Nanoparticles in PET/SPECT imaging applications 10.6.1 Advantages and limitations 10.6.2 Application in biomedical imaging 10.6.3 Examples used in PET/SPECT imaging 10.7 Nanoparticles in ultrasound imaging applications 10.7.1 Advantages and limitations 10.7.2 Application in biomedical imaging 10.7.3 Examples used in ultrasound imaging 10.8 Nanoparticles in multimodality imaging applications 10.8.1 Advantages and limitations 10.8.2 Application in biomedical imaging 10.8.3 Examples used in multimodality imaging 10.9 Conclusion References 11---Diagnosing-metabolic-diseases-by-nan_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-a 11 Diagnosing metabolic diseases by nanoparticle immobilization 11.1 Introduction 11.1.1 Inherited metabolic disorders 11.2 Diabetes mellitus 11.3 Posttraumatic stress disorder 11.4 Cancer 11.5 Discovery of nanoparticles for metabolic disease 11.6 Detection technique by using optical 11.7 Gold nanoparticles as cell controller on the metabolic profile for prior existing obesity 11.8 Nanomaterials for cardiovascular infection disease 11.9 Nanostructure surface on biomaterial 11.10 Nanoparticles for cardiovascular disease applications 11.11 Magnetic nanoparticles in magnetic resonance imaging and drug delivery 11.12 Diagnosing metabolic disease by using aptamer immobilization 11.13 Conclusion References 12---Characterization-of-synthesized-nanoparticles_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Ana 12 Characterization of synthesized nanoparticles for medical devices: current techniques and recent advances 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Characterization techniques 12.2.1 Atomic force microscopy 12.2.2 Scanning electron microscopy 12.2.3 Transmission electron microscopy 12.2.4 Ultraviolet-visible light spectroscopy 12.2.5 Raman spectroscopy 12.2.6 X-ray diffraction 12.2.7 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 12.2.8 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 12.2.9 Dynamic light scattering 12.3 Recent advances 12.3.1 Electromagnetic separation 12.3.2 Infrared spectroscopy 12.3.3 Mass spectrometry 12.3.4 Nuclear magnetic resonance 12.3.5 Nanoparticle tracking analysis 12.4 Conclusions References 13---Non-metallic-nanomaterial-production_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-a 13 Non-metallic nanomaterial productions from natural resources 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Source and properties of cellulose 13.3 Cellulose nanomaterials 13.3.1 Cellulose nanocrystals 13.3.2 Production of cellulose nanocrystals 13.3.3 Inorganic acid hydrolysis 13.3.3.1 Hydrochloride acids 13.3.3.2 Sulfuric acid hydrolysis 13.3.3.3 Phosphoric acid hydrolysis 13.3.3.4 Organic acid 13.3.3.5 Organic solvent 13.3.3.6 Extrusion 13.3.3.7 Milling technique 13.3.3.8 Enzymes hydrolysis 13.3.4 Cellulose nanofibril 13.3.5 Production of cellulose nanofibrils 13.3.5.1 Mechanical fabrication techniques 13.3.5.2 Wet chemical fabrication techniques 13.3.5.3 Electrospinning 13.3.5.4 Enzymes hydrolysis 13.4 Application in the medical field 13.5 Conclusions and future perspectives References 14---Production-of-powder-activated-carbo_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-a 14 Production of powder-activated carbon from natural resources 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Natural resources 14.3 Detailed results 14.4 Analysis and characterization 14.5 Adsorption study 14.6 Conclusions References 15---Fabrication-and-analysis-of-starch-_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-an 15 Fabrication and analysis of starch-based green materials 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Bioresources 15.3 Natural resources 15.3.1 Water 15.3.2 Air 15.3.3 Minerals 15.3.4 Soil 15.4 Raw material of starch 15.5 Analysis and characterization 15.6 The future of starch 15.6.1 Starch blends with compostable polymers 15.6.2 Antimicrobial packaging film 15.6.3 Starch-based nanocomposite films 15.6.4 Heat sealing packaging 15.6.5 Starch grafted emulsions for packaging 15.7 Conclusions References Index_2021_Nanoparticles-in-Analytical-and-Medical-Devices Index