Нормальная физиология

Description

Представлены вопросы к практическим и итоговым занятиям по нормальной физиологии, а также описания лабораторных работ и протоколы их оформления. Приведены задания для организации самостоятельной работы студентов. Первое издание вышло в 2009 г. Предназначен для иностранных студентов 2-го курса лечебного факультета, обучающихся на английском языке. INTRODUCTION Lesson 1. INTRODUCTION. THE SUBJECT AND TASKS OF NORMAL PHYSIOLOGY. HOMEOSTASIS. PHYSICOCHEMICAL CONSTANTS OF BLOOD Lesson 2. PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF RED BLOOD CELLS AND PLATELETS. ERYTHROPOESIS, THROMBOCYTOPOESIS. HEMOSTASIS Lesson 3. PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS. LEUKOPOESIS. NON-SPECIFIC AND SPECIFIC RESISTANCE OF THE ORGANISM. PHYSIOLOGIC ASSESSMENT OF THE COMMON BLOOD TEST Lesson 4. BLOOD TYPES. ABO SYSTEM. RHESUS (Rh) SYSTEM. PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BLOOD MATCHING FOR THE TRANSFUSION. BLOOD SUSBSTITUTING SOLUTIONS Lesson 5. BASES OF INFORMATION EXCHANGE OF THE CELL WITH THE ENVIRONMENT: CHEMICAL SIGNALING. GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Lesson 6. PHYSIOLOGY OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM. ESSENTIAL HORMONES, THEIR MECHANISMS OF ACTION AND EFFECTS Lesson 7. PHYSIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (THE CONCLUDING LESSON) Lesson 8. ELECTRIC SIGNALING. RESPONSE LAWS OF EXCITABLE TISSUES. BIOLOGICAL POTENTIALS. EXCITABILITY CHANGES IN EXCITATION Lesson 9. EXCITATION CONDUCTION BY NERVE FIBERS. SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION Lesson 10. PHYSIOLOGY OF SKELETAL AND SMOOTH MUSCLES Lesson 11. THE ROLE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND ITS STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS. INHIBITION IN CNS. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CNS ACTIVITY COORDINATION Lesson 12. GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY OF THE EXCITABLE TISSUES (THE CONCLUDING LESSON) Lesson 13. THE ROLE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE SPINAL CORD, MEDULLA, MIDBRAIN, CEREBELLUM AND RETICULAR FORMATION Lesson 14. THE ROLE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE THALAMUS, HYPOTHALAMUS, BASAL NUCLEI, LIMBIC SYSTEM AND BRAIN CORTEX. SYSTEMIC REGULATION MECHANISMS OF MUSCLE TONE AND MOVEMENTS Lesson 15. PHYSIOLOGY OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM Lesson 16. GENERAL PROPERTIES OF ANALYZERS. VISUAL SYSTEM Lesson 17. PHYSIOLOGY OF AUDITORY, VESTIBULAR, TASTE, OLFACTORY AND TACTILE ANALYZERS Lesson 18. SPECIAL PHYSIOLOGY OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. PHYSIOLOGY OF SENSORY SYSTEMS (THE END-OF-TERM LESSON) Lesson 19. HEMODYNAMICS. FUNCTIONAL INDICES OF BLOOD CIRCULATION. MICROCIRCULATION Lesson 20. PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND PECULIARITIES OF THE HEART MUSCLE Lesson 21. CARDIAC CYCLE. METHODS OF STUDYING THE HEART FUNCTIONING Lesson 22. REGULATION OF THE CIRCULATION 1 (REGULATION OF THE HEART FUNCTION) Lesson 23. REGULATION OF BLOOD CIRCULATION 2 (REGULATION OF THE ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE) Lesson 24. PHYSIOLOGY OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM (THE CONCLUDING LESSON) Lesson 25. LUNG VENTILATION AND BASIC TYPES OF ITS DISORDER. LUNG VENTILATION INDICES Lesson 26. GAS EXCHANGE IN THE LUNGS AND TISSUES. TRANSPORT OF GASES BY THE BLOOD Lesson 27. REGULATION OF RESPIRATION Lesson 28. TESTING RESERVES OF THE CARDIO-RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Lesson 29. PHYSIOLOGY OF RESPIRATION. RESERVES OF THE CARDIO-RESPIRATORY SYSTEM (THE CONCLUDING LESSON) Lesson 30. ENERGY BALANCE AND METABOLISM. THERMOREGULATION Lesson 31. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DIGESTION. DIGESTION IN THE ORAL CAVITY AND IN THE STOMACH Lesson 32. DIGESTION IN SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINE. THE ROLE OF THE PANCREAS AND LIVER FOR DIGESTION. PRINCIPLES OF HEALTHY NUTRITION Lesson 33. PHYSIOLOGY OF EXCRETION Lesson 34. PHYSIOLOGY OF ENERGY BALANCE AND METABOLISM, THERMOREGULATION, DIGESTION AND EXCRETION (THE CONCLUDING LESSON) Lesson 35. INNATE AND ACQUIRED ADAPTIVE REACTIONS OF THE ORGANISM TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES. MEMORY. TYPES OF HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY Lesson 36. HIGHER INTEGRATIVE BRAIN FUNCTIONS AS PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF HUMAN PSYCHIC FUNCTIONS CONTENTS