Cyber Security and Digital Forensics: Proceedings of ICCSDF 2021

Description

This book features high-quality research papers presented at the International Conference on Applications and Techniques in Cyber Security and Digital Forensics (ICCSDF 2021), held at The NorthCap University, Gurugram, Haryana, India, during April 3–4, 2021. This book discusses the topics ranging from information security to cryptography, mobile application attacks to digital forensics, and from cyber security to blockchain. The goal of the book is to provide 360-degree view of cybersecurity to the readers which include cyber security issues, threats, vulnerabilities, novel idea, latest technique and technology, and mitigation of threats and attacks along with demonstration of practical applications. This book also highlights the latest development, challenges, methodologies as well as other emerging areas in this field. It brings current understanding of common Web vulnerabilities while maintaining awareness and knowledge of contemporary standards, practices, procedures, and methods of Open Web Application Security Project. It also expounds how to recover information after a cybercrime. Preface Contents About the Editors Section–A 1 A Systematic Approach for Analyzing Log Files Based on String Matching Regular Expressions Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Working Methodology 3.1 Converting the Log File into CSV Format 3.2 Search for a Particular Keyword in the Log File 3.3 Block and Unblock an IP Address 3.4 Visualizing Log Files 3.5 Search for Logs in a Time Frame 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References 2 An Efficient Detection and Prevention Approach of Unknown Malicious Attack: A Novel Honeypot Approach Abstract 1 Introduction 1.1 Worms 1.2 Polymorphic Viruses 2 Literature Review 3 System Architecture 4 System Call Analysis 5 Proposed Algorithm 6 Conclusion 7 Future Work References 3 Analysis of Risk and Security Within Fog Computing-Enabled e-Healthcare System in Uttarakhand Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Overview of Key Technologies 4 Background Study 5 Healthcare Scenario in the Himalayan Region (Uttarakhand) 6 Security and Challenges 7 Conclusion References 4 Android Malware Detection Using Extreme Learning Machine Optimized with Swarm Intelligence Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 3.1 Creating the Dataset (Feature Extraction) 3.2 Feature Selection 3.3 Model Design 3.4 Extreme Leaning Machine (ELM) 3.5 Optimization Technique—Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) 3.6 PSO Algorithm for ELM Optimization 4 Results 4.1 Experiment 1 4.2 Experiment 2 5 Conclusion and Future Work References 5 Asymmetric Image Cryptosystem Based on Chaotic Zone Plate Phase Mask and Arnold Transform Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Key Generation: Chaotic Zone Plate Phase Mask 3 Proposed Cryptosystem 4 Simulations Results 4.1 Statistical Analysis 4.2 Performance Analysis 4.3 Robustness Analysis 4.4 Robustness Analysis 5 Conclusion References 6 Authentication of Digital Media Using Reversible Watermarking Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Discrete Wavelet Transform 2.2 Quantization-Based Watermarking 2.3 Singular Value Decomposition 3 Method Proposed 3.1 Embedding Algorithm 3.2 Extraction Algorithm 4 Analysis 4.1 PSNR 4.2 MSE 4.3 SSIM 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References 7 Automatic Test Case Generation and Fault-Tolerant Framework Based on N-version and Recovery Block Mechanism Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Software Fault Tolerance 4 Proposed Software Fault-Tolerant Framework for Automatic Test Case Generation 5 Simulation Results 6 Conclusion References 8 Chatbot to Map Medical Prognosis and Symptoms Using Machine Learning Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology and Design 3.1 Neural Networks 3.2 Recurrent Neural Network 3.3 Label Encoding 3.4 ReLU Activation Function 3.5 Softmax Activation Function 3.6 Keras 3.7 Sequential Model 4 Features 5 Result-Generated Methodology 6 Conclusion References 9 Cloud Security: The Future of Data Storage Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Cloud Service Models 2.1 SAAS 2.2 PAAS 2.3 IAAS 3 Threats in Cloud Security 3.1 Data Breaches 3.2 Insecure APIs 3.3 Denial-Of-Service Attacks (DoS/DDoS) 3.4 Misconfigured Cloud Storage 4 Identity and Access Management 5 Authentication 5.1 Single Sign-On (SSO) 5.2 Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) 5.3 Anomaly Detection 5.4 OpenID 5.5 Federated Identity 5.6 SAML 5.7 OAuth 6 Authorization 6.1 Access Control Mechanisms 6.1.1 MAC (Mandatory Access Control) 6.1.2 DAC (Discretionary Access Control) 6.1.3 RBAC (Role-Based Access Control) 6.1.4 ABAC (Attribute-Based Access Control) 7 Conclusion References 10 Curbing Criminal Acts on Mobile Phone Network Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Background Information and Literature Review 3 Proposed Model 3.1 Implementation of the Proposed Model 4 Experimental Results 5 Conclusion and Future Work Acknowledgements References 11 Designing of Fuzzy Logic-Based Intrusion Detection System (FIDS) for Detection of Blackhole Attack in AODV for MANETs Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Overview of Fuzzy Logic-Based Intrusion Detection 3 Critical Fields of AODV Routing Protocol 4 Proposed Fuzzy Rules for IDS Designing 4.1 Fuzzification 4.2 Inferences System 4.3 Defuzzification 5 Simulations and Result Discussion 5.1 Performance Evaluation of AODV Protocol Under Attack 5.2 Performance Evaluation of Proposed FIDS in AODV Protocol 6 Conclusion References 12 Detection of Phishing Websites Using Classification Algorithms Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Dataset Description 4 Methodologies 4.1 Classification Algorithms 5 Experimental Results 5.1 Pre-processing 5.2 Evaluation Metrics 5.3 Performance Comparison 6 Conclusion and Future Work References 13 IoT-Based Smart Security System for Agriculture Fields Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Existing Methods of Security for Agriculture Fields 3 Proposed System and Its Implementation 4 Working of Proposed System 5 Conclusions and Future Scope References 14 Efficient Clustering of Transactional Data for Privacy-Preserving Data Publishing Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Approach: Application of Ant Colony Clustering Algorithm for Efficient Clustering of Transactional Data 4 Implementation and Results 5 Conclusion References 15 Passive Video Forgery Detection Techniques to Detect Copy Move Tampering Through Feature Comparison and RANSAC Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Types of Video Tampering 2.1 Spatial Tampering 2.2 Temporal Tampering 2.3 Spatiotemporal Tampering 3 Literature Review 4 Current Issues 5 Proposed Method of Forgery Detection 5.1 Comparing of Features Extraction with Suspicious Frame 5.2 Comparison of Extracted Features Using RANSAC 5.3 Decision Making Based on the Feature Matching 5.4 Details of Forgery 6 Experimental Result 6.1 Video Dataset Used for Testing 6.2 Robustness of the Proposed Method 7 Conclusion and Future Work References 16 Evaluation and Performance Analysis of Apache Pulsar and NATS Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Architectural Overview of Apache Pulsar and NATS 3.1 Apache Pulsar 3.2 System Architecture 3.3 NATS and NATS Streaming 4 Benchmarking and Results 5 Conclusion References 17 Problems of Providing Access to a Geographic Information System Processing Data of Different Degrees of Secrecy Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Consumers of GIS Services and the Information that GIS Works With 3 GIS User Authentication and Identification 4 GIS Users Authorization 5 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 18 Security Augmented Symmetric Optical Image Cryptosystem Based on Hybrid Transform Employing Rear Mounted Technique Using Three Different Complex Masks Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Background 2.1 Chaotic Random Phase Mask 2.2 Deterministic Phase Mask 3 Methodology 4 Simulation Results 5 Performance and Security Analysis 5.1 Error Analysis 5.2 Correlation Coefficient (CC) Analysis 5.3 Key Sensitivity Analysis 6 Conclusion References 19 Security Considerations in the Design of IEEE 802.15.4 Transceiver: A Review Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Physical Layer Security 2.1 Information-Theoretic Security 2.2 Artificial Noise Aided Security 2.3 Security Oriented Beam Forming 2.4 Security Diversity Techniques 2.5 Physical Layer Secret Key Generation 3 Physical Layer Encryption 4 IEEE 802.15.4 Security Suits 5 Hardware Implementation of IEEE 802.15.4 6 Conclusion References 20 An Enhanced Security Framework for Robotic Process Automation Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Problem Identification 3 Proposed Solution 3.1 Security Framework—Key Pillars 3.2 Process Flow 4 Control Requirements in Each Phase 5 Technical Security Requirements 6 Comparative Analysis 7 Conclusion References 21 Analysis of the Trust and Resilience of Consumer and Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) Systems in the Indian Context Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Consumer and Industrial Internet of Things 3 Literature Survey 3.1 Research Gap and Contributions 3.2 Trust and Resilience of IoT Systems 4 Methodology 5 Results 6 Conclusion 7 Future Scope Acknowledgements References 22 A Comprehensive Study on Vulnerabilities and Attacks in Multicast Routing Over Mobile Ad hoc Network Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Multicasting 2.1 Routing Protocols 2.2 Security Services 3 Literature Review 4 Classification of Security Attacks on MANET 4.1 Internal Attacks 4.2 External Attacks 4.3 Passive Attacks 4.4 Active Attacks 5 Conclusion References 23 An Offensive Approach for Hiding Malicious Payloads in an Image Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Working Methodology 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References 24 A Review of Anti-phishing Techniques and its Shortcomings Abstract 1 Introduction 2 The Phishing Problem 3 Anti-phishing Techniques 4 Evaluation Metrics 5 Conclusion References 25 Assessment of Open Source Tools and Techniques for Network Security Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Network Security Tools: Overview 2.1 OpenSSH 2.1.1 Output 2.2 Open SSL 2.2.1 Output 2.3 N-Map 2.3.1 Output 2.4 IPTables 2.4.1 Features 2.4.2 Output 3 Conclusion References 26 A Detailed Comparative Study and Performance Analysis of Standard Cryptographic Algorithms Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review of Standard Algorithms 2.1 Aes: [3, 6–8] 2.2 Blowfish: [3, 6–8] 2.3 Des: [3, 6, 7] 2.4 Triple DES: [7, 9] 2.5 Salsa20: [10, 11] 3 Research Methodology 3.1 Outcome of Research: A Comparative Study 4 Conclusion References 27 Secured Communication Using Virtual Private Network (VPN) Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Methodology and Results 3.1 Design and Implementation 3.2 Result and Discussion 4 Conclusion and Future Work Acknowledgements References 28 Survey for Detection and Analysis of Android Malware(s) Through Artificial Intelligence Techniques Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Review of Android Malware Analysis Techniques 2.1 Integrated Static and Dynamic Malware Analysis Techniques 2.2 Hybrid Malware Analysis with Artificial Intelligence 3 Discussion 4 Conclusion References Section–B 29 A Blockchain-Based Secure Car Hiring System Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Blockchain 2.1 Blockchain Architecture and Working 3 Proposed System (Car Hiring System Using Blockchain) 3.1 Framework 3.2 Implementation and Result 3.3 Analysis 4 Conclusion References 30 A Correlation Blockchain Matrix Factorization to Enhance the Disease Prediction Accuracy and Security in IoT Medical Data Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Implementation of the Proposed Method 3.1 Correlation Matrix Data Preprocessing 3.2 Medical Feature Selection 3.3 Optimized Pairwise Coupling Classification (OPCC) 3.4 HMAC Encryption and Blockchain Security Model 3.5 Blockchain Network Construction Algorithm: 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References 31 A Self-Sovereign Identity Management System Using Blockchain Abstract 1 Introduction 1.1 Our Contribution 2 Preliminaries 2.1 Blockchains 2.2 Related Work Summary 3 Proposed Blockchain-Based Self-Sovereign Identity Management System 3.1 Overview 3.2 Key Generation 3.3 System Implementation Details 4 Conclusion 5 Limitations and Future Work References 32 Blockchain and IoT for Auto Leak Unearthing Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Proposed System 4 Implementation and Results 5 Challenges 6 Conclusions References 33 Coin Drop—A Decentralised Exchange Platform Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Cryptonetworks and Wallets in Today’s World 2.1 Cryptographic Networks 2.2 Hot and Cold Wallets 3 Cryptocurrency Exchange Platforms 3.1 Centralised Cryptoexchanges 3.2 Decentralised Cryptocurrency Exchanges 4 Proposed System and Working 5 Result 6 Conclusion References 34 Smart Contracts and NFTs: Non-Fungible Tokens as a Core Component of Blockchain to Be Used as Collectibles Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Blockchain 2.2 Ethereum 2.3 Nodes 2.4 Mining 2.5 Proof of Work 2.6 Addresses and Wallet 2.7 Transactions 2.8 Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) 2.9 Smart Contracts 3 Literature Review 3.1 Decentralized Finance (DeFi) 3.2 Blockchain Development Platforms 3.3 Recent Advancements and Future Trends in Smart Contracts 3.4 Trends on Crypto-Collectibles 3.5 Blockchain Digital Art 4 Research Background and Methodology 4.1 Decentralized Applications (DApps) 4.2 How Do You Make a Token? 4.3 ERC-721 4.4 Open Zeppelin 4.5 Truffle Suite 4.6 Web3.js 4.7 Metamask 4.8 Ganache 5 Design and Implementation Setup 6 Application. Conclusions 7 Results 8 Conclusion and Future Scope References 35 Blockchain in Health Care: A Review Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Blockchain and Health care 3.1 Blockchain Versus Current Healthcare Challenges 3.2 Applications of Blockchain in Health care 3.3 Blockchain Technology—Challenges in Health Care 4 Conclusion References Section–C 36 A Comparative Study of the Energy-Efficient Advanced LEACH (ADV-LEACH1) Clustering Protocols in Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Network Model 3.1 Energy Consumption Model 4 Proposed Clustering Method 5 Result and Simulation 6 Conclusion References 37 Cognition of Driver Drowsiness to Inculcate Predictive Analysis Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review and Gaps 3 Objective of Study 4 Methodology 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References 38 Correlation Between K-means Clustering and Topic Modeling Methods on Twitter Datasets Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Datasets 4 Methodology 4.1 Proposed Algorithm 4.2 Implementation and Results 4.2.1 Clustering Analysis Using K-means 4.2.2 Clustering Analysis of Text Data Using LDA and LSI 4.2.3 Proposed Method to Compare the Clustering Results 5 Conclusion and Future Work References 39 Design and Analysis of 2 × 4 Microstrip Patch Antenna Array with Defected Ground Structure for 5G Mobile Communication Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Proposed Antenna Design 4 Result Analysis 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References 40 Efficiency Analyzing on Vehicle Tracking Systems Abstract 1 Introduction 1.1 IoT 1.2 GPS 1.3 Vehicle Tracking System 2 Literature Review 3 Method 4 GSM/GPS-Based Vehicle Tracking System 4.1 Arduino Uno 4.2 GPS Module 4.3 GSM Module 4.4 Relay 4.5 Working Principle 5 LoRa-Based Tracking System 5.1 Lora 5.2 NS3 Simulator 6 Experimentation Results 6.1 Efficiency Analyzing with Experimental Results 7 Conclusion 8 Future Work References 41 Evaluation and Transformation Analysis of the Mithi River Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Data and Research Area 4 Methodology 5 Results and Analysis 5.1 Preprocessing of Satellite Images 5.2 Chlorophyll-a 5.3 Biological Oxygen Demand 5.4 Chemical Oxygen Demand 6 Conclusion 7 Future Scope References 42 Human-Sensing Technologies for Business Solutions Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Challenges 2.1 Environment 2.2 Noise 2.3 Similarity 3 Factors Considered 3.1 Presence 3.2 Counting 3.3 Tracking 3.4 Adaptability 3.5 Cost 3.6 Ease of Installation 4 Survey of Technologies 4.1 Natural Characteristic-Based Sensing 4.2 Motion-Based Sensing 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion References 43 Identification and Minimization of Churn Rate Through Analysing Financial Routines Using Machine Learning Abstract 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Contribution 1.3 Uniqueness of the Paper 1.4 Organisation 2 Related Works 3 Proposed Approach 3.1 Reading Dataset 3.2 Cleaning of Data 3.3 Plotting Histograms and Pie Chart 3.4 Correlation Plot 3.5 One Hot Encoding 3.6 Splitting the Dataset into Train Set and Test Set 3.7 Feature Scaling and Balancing 3.8 Feature Selection Process 3.9 Fitting Model to Training Set 3.10 Predicting Output for Test Set and Evaluation of Accuracy 4 Performance Evaluation 4.1 Discussion on Results 5 Conclusion References 44 Machine Learning-Based Predictive Analysis to Abet Climatic Change Preparedness Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Research Problem and Research Questions 2.1 Research Problem 2.2 Research Questions 3 Methods 4 Result Analysis 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References 45 Deep Learning Approaches for Anomaly and Intrusion Detection in Computer Network: A Review Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Deep Learning for Network Anomaly and Intrusion Detection 2.1 Autoencoder (AE) 2.2 Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) 2.3 Deep Belief Networks (DBNs) 2.4 Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) 2.5 Stacked Autoencoder (SAE) 2.6 Stacked Denoising Autoencoder (SDA) 2.7 Sparse Autoencoder 2.8 Generative Adversarial Network 3 Open Issues, Findings and Future Directions 3.1 Datasets Challenges 3.2 Security Challenges 3.3 Real-Time Performance 3.4 Complexity of Network Traffic Data 4 Conclusion References 46 Forest Cover Change Detection Using Satellite Images Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Problem Definition 3 Data and Study Area 4 Literature Survey 5 Methodology 5.1 Extraction of Study Area 5.2 Study of Spectral Bands 6 Conclusion 7 Future Scope References 47 FPGA-Based Design Architecture for Fast LWE Fully Homomorphic Encryption Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 LWE-Based Homomorphic Encryption Scheme 4 FPGA-Based Design Architecture for LWE Scheme 5 Result and Implementation 6 Conclusion and Future Work References 48 Hierarchal Communication Architecture for Multi-level Energy Harvesting Support in Underwater Sensor Network Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed Model 4 Simulation Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References 49 Review of Evolutionary Algorithms for Energy Efficient and Secure Wireless Sensor Networks Abstract 1 Introduction 2 State of Art 2.1 Energy Efficiency in WSN 2.2 Load Balancing in WSN 2.3 Security Enhancement in WSN 2.3.1 Security in IoT 3 Comparison of Evolutionary Algorithms 3.1 Genetic Algorithm (GA) 3.2 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) 3.3 Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) 3.4 Biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO) 3.5 Gray Wolf Optimization (GWO) 4 Conclusion and Future Directions References 50 Utilization and Energy Consumption Optimization for Cloud Computing Environment Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Problem Formulation 3.1 Open Issues 3.2 Contributions 3.3 Objective Function 3.4 Problem Statement 3.5 Methodology 4 Implementation and Output 4.1 Proposed Solution 5 Performance Testing 5.1 Configurations of VMs and Cloudlets 5.2 Utilization Ratio 5.3 Power Consumption 6 Conclusion References Author Index