SERS for Point-of-care and Clinical Applications

Description

SERS for Point-of-care and Clinical Applications focuses on the use of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (also known as Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering) techniques in clinical and point-of-care settings. Sections provide an overview of SERS biomedical applications, providing in-depth information about point-of-care and clinical applications of SERS using specific examples from current literature. These applications are not always immediately evident to newcomers in the field, as Raman and SERS are often introduced as analytical methods for chemical analysis. This book offers a concise introduction to the biomedical applications of SERS for graduate students, scientists and researchers in all related fields. Front Cover SERS for Point-of-care and Clinical Applications SERS for Point-of-care and Clinical Applications Copyright Contents Contributors Editor biography 1 - Data analysis in SERS diagnostics Introduction General data processing workflow Study definition and data collection Data handling considerations (data structures, organization) Metadata organization A bit of statistics Survey of software available Data integrity Outliers Data preprocessing Spectral preprocessing (row-wise methods) Normalization Model-based methods Column transformations Models Exploratory data analysis (unsupervised learning) Regression Principal component regression Partial least squares regression Classification Linear discriminant analysis and quadratic discriminant analysis Logistic regression Principal component analysis and partial least squares as preprocessing: PCA-LDA, PLS-LDA, PLS-LR, etc. Soft independent modeling of class analogies Nonlinear models k nearest neighbors Support vector machines Artificial neural networks Verification of results Bias and variance in verification Verification schemes Validation studies and assessing ruggedness Hold out/independent test sets Autoprediction (training error) Resampling: cross validation and out-of-bootstrap Figures of merit Regression Diagnostic plots Diagnostic plots Classification Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and similar proportions Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and similar proportions Model stability and overfitting Hyperparameter optimization Concluding remarks References 2 - Label-free SERS techniques in biomedical applications Introduction Oncological diseases Neurological diseases Infectious diseases Future challenges and perspectives References 3 - SERS probes and tags for biomedical applications Introduction Surface-enhanced Raman scattering Design considerations Particle type Raman reporter Surface coating Targeting Sensing mechanism References 4 - SERS biosensors for point-of-care infectious disease diagnostics Introduction Antibody-based SERS biosensors Aptamer-based SERS biosensors Nucleic acid–based SERS biosensors SERS biosensors without bioreceptor Conclusion References 5 - SERS-based molecular sentinel nanoprobes for nucleic acid biomarker detection Introduction Development of the iMS nanoprobe for label-free homogenous biosensing Silver-coated gold nanostars for SERS detection Detection scheme of the SERS iMS nanoprobe Development of iMS for detection of microRNA biomarkers Detection of miRNA biomarkers within biological samples RNA extracted from cancer cell lines Clinical evaluation of miRNA cancer biomarker detection using iMS nanoprobes Multiplexed detection of miRNA biomarkers Development of multiplexing technique Multiplex detection of endogenous targets extracted from breast cancer cell lines iMS bioassay-on-chip Conclusion References 6 - SERS detection of oral and gastrointestinal cancers Introduction Oral cancer Introduction Optimization and design considerations Discussion and future directions Esophageal cancer Introduction Optimization and design considerations Discussion and future directions Stomach cancer Introduction Optimization and design considerations Discussion and future directions Intestinal cancer Introduction Optimization and design considerations Discussion and future directions Concluding remarks References 7 - In vivo imaging with SERS nanoprobes Introduction Raman imaging with SERS nanoprobes In vivo imaging with SERS nanoparticles—multiplexing potential Biological barriers and opportunities Passive tumor targeting Opsonization/sequestration by the mononuclear phagocyte system Sequestration based on physicochemical properties Blood–brain barrier Molecular targeting Ex vivo SERS-based molecular imaging In vivo molecular imaging with SERS nanoprobes Multimodal imaging using SERS nanoprobes The future of in vivo Raman imaging Imaging deeper SERS and endoscopy Spatially offset optics Imaging faster Nanoprobe administration Conclusion References Index A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Back Cover