Health Research Practices in a Digital Context

Description

The current “generalized digitization” of society is influencing the health environment, healthcare organizations as well as actors. In this context, human and social sciences deconstruct, nuance and sometimes even challenge certain preconceived ideas and/or dominant discourses. In this book, researchers of four nationalities and three different disciplines have agreed to open the “black box” of their work. They display their scientific practices from the perspective of epistemology, ethics and methodology. They present and analyze their values and postulates but, also, what may have influenced the project, the definition of the object and objectives, as well as their approaches. In a contextual way, the first part presents some changes in environments and infocommunicational practices related to digital health. The second part opens space to reflect on ethics and deontology. Finally, postulating that scientific fact is not an essence but the result of a process, the last part discusses the methods implemented, which may be different from those initially envisaged. This book is dedicated to the researchers and postgraduate students in the human and social sciences as well as the health practitioners likely to collaborate with them.  Cover Title Page Copyright Page Contents Foreword Introduction Part 1 Changes in Contexts and Info-communication Practices Related to the Digital Environment in the Health Field Chapter 1 Health and Digital Technology: Reflexive Feedback on Some Works 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Voluntary changes over the last 50 years 1.2.1. An old but partial political desire 1.2.2. Coexistence of two types of information: medical and health information 1.3. Significant issues 1.3.1. Economic and professional issues 1.3.2. A plethora of information 1.3.3. Attempts to control 1.4. New uses 1.4.1. Continued confidence in physicians 1.4.2. Beyond information: life stories and testimonies 1.5. Conclusion 1.6. References Chapter 2 Social and Digital Resources: The Hindered Information Practices of Cancer Patients 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Patients and information 2.3. Getting information from family and friends when suffering from cancer 2.3.1. Which relatives are likely to provide what kind of information 2.3.2. Difficulty in asking people around you for information 2.4. Getting information on the Internet when you are sick with cancer 2.4.1. Widespread use for limited benefits 2.4.2. The health Internet: a misleading exposure 2.5. Conclusion 2.6. References Chapter 3 Health at the In-between of Computing and the Information and Communication Sciences 3.1. Introduction 3.2. The hospital, a field to observe 3.3. An abductive and iterative approach for an “in-between” positioning 3.4. A theoretical diversity to characterize complex organizations 3.5. Conclusion 3.6. References Chapter 4 Mental Health and Support for Disaster Victims. Info-communication Devices for Training Volunteer First-aid Workers in a Digital 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Studying manuals to train volunteer rescue workers in psycho-emotional support for disaster victims 4.3. Four analysis guides 4.3.1. Metadata for online documents 4.3.2. Pedagogical engineering of online textbooks 4.3.3. Mental health intervention protocols 4.3.4. Disaster management protocols 4.4. An info-communication device for online training in disaster response 4.5. Conclusion 4.6. Appendix 4.7. References Chapter 5 Ethical Positions Arising from Research on Online Communities in the Health Sector 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Epistemology, deontology and ethical reflection 5.2.1. From the necessary scientific reflexivity to empirical and methodological scientific ethics 5.2.2. ICS and methodological and empirical ethics related to the study of NICTs 5.2.3. Empirical and methodological ethics 5.3. Empirical and methodological ethics in ICS and digital health 5.3.1. Collecting authorizations and approvals 5.3.2. Concealing or revealing oneself as a “researcher-observer”? 5.3.3. Protecting respondents 5.3.4. Protecting researchers in controversies and emotionally engaging research 5.4. Conclusion 5.5. References Chapter 6 Action Research at La Poste to Prevent the Psychosocial Risks Associated with Digital Acculturation 6.1. Introduction 6.2. The relevance of action research to prevent psychosocial risks 6.3. What method in action research prevents psychosocial risks? 6.4. Action research for ethical questions 6.5. Conclusion 6.6. References Chapter 7 Interests and Limitations of Interdisciplinary Research in a Living Lab to Meet the Needs of Senior Citizens 7.1. Introduction 7.2. Reconsidering a Living Lab study: the centrality of user-experts 7.2.1. Senior citizens and new technologies in a controlled environment 7.2.2. The second study or how to reconsider research practices 7.3. When experts-users tell researchers where to look 7.3.1. Use of human, technical and digital aids by respondents 7.3.2. Projected uses: from voice command to “smart” robots 7.4. Among researchers: postures linked to disciplinary backgrounds 7.5. Conclusion 7.6. References Chapter 8 For a Comprehensive Approach to the Info-communication Practices of Breast Cancer Prevention Stakeholders: A Reflection on Scree 8.1. Introduction 8.2. State of the art of organized screening, a complex prevention system 8.2.1. Screening: device, issues and controversies 8.2.2. Representation of screening: between confidence and mistrust 8.3. Need to understand the field of screening: methodological framework 8.3.1. Exploratory approach: quantitative reflection on screening 8.3.2. Ethnographic survey and qualitative content analysis: a comprehensive approach to screening 8.4. Conclusion 8.5. References Chapter 9 Health Research on Immunization after 2016: The Need for a Plural Methodological Approach 9.1. Introduction 9.2. An exploratory study that raises methodological questions 9.2.1. Construction of research questions 9.2.2. A test methodology with limitations 9.2.3. Reflexivity on the concept of “axiological neutrality” 9.2.4. Unexpected results that lead to (re)thinking the method deployed 9.3. The use of lexicometry for the analysis of interviews on vaccine hesitation and opposition 9.3.1. Expanded field and themes 9.3.2. The potential contributions of the Iramuteq software to health research 9.4. Conclusion 9.5. References Chapter 10 Qualitative Research in Health, in Sign Language: Multimodality and Interculturality of Analytical Work 10.1. Introduction 10.2. Topicality of methodological issues in SL research 10.2.1. Context and issues in SL health research 10.2.2. The communication dimension at the heart of research activities 10.3. The communication challenges of interviews in SL 10.3.1. Challenges of a fine work on what is said in SL 10.3.2. Domesticating the camera, keeping your hand on the format of exchanges 10.3.3. Interacting in SL: a repositioning of bodies and objects 10.4. Exposing SL speech analysis in publications 10.4.1. Sharing benchmarks, a professional vision 10.4.2. Test of an example 10.4.3. The communicational anchoring of reading 10.5. Conclusion 10.6. References Postface List of Authors Index Other titles from ISTE in Health Engineering and Society EULA