UNIX System Administration: A Beginner's Guide

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Quote from page 10: "Back in 1985, Touvus Linus introduced a version of UNIX for the Intel processor--Linux." Really? I'm sorry, but if a book on UNIX rants such nonsense - RUN AWAY! FAST. Neither the author nor the editor obviously bothered to so much as google this topic. This may be unfair to the rest of the book's content, but its credibility instantly fell to zero after reading that sentence.... Contents......Page 8 Introduction......Page 20 Introduction to UNIX......Page 22 1.1 Uncover the History of the UNIX System......Page 23 1.2 Explore the Elements of a Computer System......Page 24 AT& T Invents UNIX......Page 28 The System V Releases......Page 29 OSF/ 1......Page 30 Versions of UNIX Today......Page 31 WhyUNIX Is Popular......Page 32 The Kernel......Page 36 1.4 Discover the Roles of the UNIX System Administrator......Page 39 Handle Peripherals......Page 40 ActivelyMonitor System Security......Page 41 Advance Your Knowledge......Page 42 Politician......Page 43 Police Officer......Page 44 Friend......Page 45 Basic UNIX Commands......Page 48 2.1 Explore the UNIX Shell......Page 49 2.2 Investigate Basic UNIX Commands......Page 52 cat......Page 55 date......Page 56 hostname......Page 58 find......Page 59 ls......Page 63 strings......Page 70 ps......Page 73 uname......Page 80 Using System Administration Tools......Page 86 Add a New User......Page 88 UNIX Account Example......Page 93 Modifying a User......Page 94 Deleting a User......Page 95 Adding a New Group......Page 97 Deleting a Group......Page 100 Add a New User......Page 101 Modifying a User......Page 107 Delete an Existing User......Page 109 Adding a New Group......Page 111 3.3 Manage HP- UX Using SAM......Page 113 Add a New User......Page 115 Modifying a User......Page 119 Delete an Existing User......Page 120 Adding a New Group......Page 122 Deleting an Existing Group......Page 124 3.4 Set Up Better Account Security......Page 126 Expiring a Password Using Userconf......Page 127 Expiring a Password Using SAM......Page 128 Regular Password Changes Using Admintool......Page 130 Regular Password Changes Using Userconf......Page 131 Turning Off an Account Using Admintool......Page 132 Turning Off an Account Using Userconf......Page 134 Automatic Account Expiration Using Userconf......Page 135 Software Package Management Tools......Page 138 pkginfo 4 4......Page 140 pkgadd......Page 144 pkgrm......Page 145 swlist......Page 147 swinstall......Page 151 swremove......Page 154 4.3 Discover Linux Package Tools......Page 157 Maintaining UNIX Users......Page 162 5.1 Discover the / etc/ passwd File......Page 163 5.2 Discover the / etc/ group File......Page 167 5.3 Discover the / etc/ shadow File......Page 170 5.4 Explore UNIX Account Tools......Page 173 passwd......Page 174 pwck......Page 177 useradd......Page 180 userdel......Page 182 usermod......Page 183 groupadd......Page 184 logins......Page 185 vipw......Page 187 File Systems, Disks, and Tools......Page 192 6.1 Explore a UNIX File System......Page 193 6.2 Uncover a Disk Partition......Page 197 6.3 Determine a Mounted File System......Page 200 Using the Solaris Format Tool......Page 201 Using the Linux fdisk Tool......Page 207 6.4 Create a New File System......Page 208 Checking the New File System......Page 209 Mounting UNIX File Systems......Page 212 Unmounting a UNIX File System......Page 214 System Security......Page 218 7.1 Define a Security Policy......Page 220 7.2 Maintain System Patches......Page 221 Elimination of UnnecessaryServices......Page 222 Configuration System Profiles......Page 223 7.3 Investigate Security Tools......Page 226 The NMAP Tool......Page 227 The Secure Shell Facility......Page 241 ssh......Page 243 ssh- keygen......Page 244 ssh- agent/ ssh- add......Page 246 The Sudo Tool......Page 247 Backup and Restore......Page 252 8.1 Define Backup Elements......Page 253 Densityand Form Factor......Page 254 Network Bandwidth......Page 256 Backup Methods......Page 257 dump......Page 259 restore......Page 261 tar......Page 262 System Operations......Page 268 9.1 Determine the Boot Process......Page 269 9.2 Explore the Shutdown Process......Page 270 Halting the System......Page 272 Rebooting the System......Page 273 Normal System Shutdown......Page 276 Determining When the System Was Halted......Page 277 9.3 Uncover UNIX Operating Levels......Page 278 List the Current Run Level......Page 282 Single- User Mode......Page 283 Boot to Single- User Mode......Page 284 The TCP/ IP Suite......Page 288 Presentation Layer......Page 291 Physical Layer......Page 292 10.2 Discover the TCP/ IP Protocol Architecture......Page 293 Process Layer Services......Page 294 Additional Protocols......Page 295 System Services......Page 296 Additional Services......Page 301 Host- to- Host Layer......Page 302 Internet Layer......Page 313 Internet Control Message Protocol......Page 320 10.3 Discover the Address Resolution Protocol......Page 325 Packet Format......Page 327 ARP Cache......Page 328 Data Link Address Format......Page 329 Basic Network Tools......Page 336 11- 1 Explore the Network Address Table on a UNIX System Using arp......Page 337 Displaying the ARP Cache......Page 338 Deleting an ARP Cache......Page 342 Adding an ARP Cache Entry......Page 343 11.2 Control Network Interfaces Using Ifconfig......Page 345 Listing Available Interfaces......Page 346 Controlling Interface State......Page 349 Modifying Interface Parameters......Page 350 Special Configurations Parameters......Page 352 Logical Interfaces......Page 353 11.3 Monitor Network Operations using Netstat......Page 355 Displaying Active Network Sessions......Page 356 Displaying Interface Information......Page 361 DisplayRouting Information......Page 363 DisplayMulticast Information......Page 365 DisplayProtocol Statistics......Page 366 11.4 Verify Network Connectivity Using Ping......Page 367 Determine System Availability......Page 368 Show Basic Network Performance......Page 371 Additional Command Options......Page 375 11- 5 Gather Network Information with Lanscan......Page 377 Advanced Network Tools......Page 382 12.1 Monitor Network Traffic with the tcpdump Tool......Page 383 Operating Modes......Page 385 DisplayOptions......Page 389 Using Packet Filters......Page 392 Address Primitives......Page 393 Protocol Primitives......Page 395 Operators......Page 396 Miscellaneous Primitives......Page 398 Qualifiers......Page 399 Tcpdump Command Examples......Page 400 12.2 Execute the traceroute Command to Show Network Connectivity......Page 403 Reading Output......Page 405 Changing Characteristics......Page 408 DisplayOptions......Page 410 12.3 Verify Basic Operations Using the landiag Command......Page 411 Overview of SNMP......Page 416 13.1 Discover SNMP Basics......Page 418 13.2 Uncover MIBs......Page 420 Object Types......Page 422 Sample MIB Object......Page 425 SNMP Tables......Page 427 Standard and Private MIBs......Page 431 SNMP Communities......Page 432 13.3 Explore SNMP Versions......Page 433 SNMP Protocol Operation......Page 437 SNMP Response Codes......Page 443 Transmission of an SNMP Message......Page 444 Connectionless Protocol......Page 445 Using the Domain Name System......Page 452 14.1 Discover How the Domain Name System Works......Page 453 Domain Files......Page 456 Processes......Page 463 DNS Tools......Page 465 Explore DNS Client Components......Page 470 Using NIS......Page 474 15.1 Overview of Network Information Services......Page 475 Databases......Page 477 Processes......Page 478 Tools......Page 479 15.3 Setting Up a NIS Server......Page 484 15.4 Configure a NIS Client......Page 487 15.5 Setting Up a Secondary NIS Server......Page 488 SNMP System Management Tools......Page 492 16.1 Discover Elements of System Management......Page 493 System Up/ Down Messages......Page 494 System Configuration Control......Page 495 16.2 Explore the UCD SNMP Package......Page 496 Common Command- Line Options......Page 497 Snmpdelta Command......Page 503 Snmpget Command......Page 504 Snmpgetnext Command......Page 506 Snmpnetstat Command......Page 507 Snmpset Tool......Page 512 Snmpstatus Tool......Page 517 Snmptest Tool......Page 518 Snmptranslate Tool......Page 519 Snmptrap Tool......Page 520 Snmptrapd Server......Page 521 Snmpwalk Tool......Page 523 Snmpbulkwalk Tool......Page 526 Using Network File System......Page 532 The nfsd Process......Page 534 The lockd Process......Page 535 17.2 Mounting Remote File System......Page 536 The dfstab/ export Files......Page 537 Share/ Export File Options......Page 538 exportfs......Page 540 share/ unShare ( Solaris Only)......Page 541 showmount......Page 542 17.4 Configuring NFS Clients......Page 547 17.5 Controlling the File System Mount Table......Page 549 File Transfer Protocol......Page 554 18.1 Explore a Sample FTP Session......Page 556 Obtaining a DirectoryListing......Page 558 Retrieving a File......Page 560 Sending a File......Page 561 Monitoring File Transfers......Page 562 18.2 Discover FTP Commands......Page 563 18.3 Controlling FTP Access......Page 564 18.4 Configure Anonymous FTP......Page 567 Setting Up Anonymous Access......Page 569 Enable FTP logging......Page 570 Enable the syslog Facility......Page 572 Important System Administration Tasks/ Information......Page 576 19.1 Communicate with Users on the System......Page 577 List Swap Space......Page 579 Add More Swap Space......Page 580 19.3 Control Root Access......Page 581 19.4 Display System Configuration Information......Page 582 The / proc Directory......Page 585 Using DHCP......Page 592 Configuration Manager......Page 595 Configuring DHCP Services for the First Time......Page 596 Using the Configuration Manager......Page 604 Adding IP Addresses to the DHCP Server......Page 606 Manual DHCP Configuration......Page 614 DHCP Configuration......Page 615 Obtain DHCP Agent Status Information......Page 616 Configuration of DHCP Clients......Page 617 Viewing Network Information on Windows......Page 619 Using rdist......Page 628 21.1 Create an rdist Distribution File for Synchronizing Files......Page 630 21.2 Debug an rdist Configuration......Page 632 21.3 Investigate rdist Commands......Page 633 Task Notifications......Page 635 Excluding Files......Page 637 Invoking Commands......Page 638 21.4 Explore an rdist Example......Page 639 Appendix A - Answers to Mastery Checks......Page 646 BookmarkTitle:......Page 0 Module 3: Using System Administration Tools......Page 647 Module 5: Maintaining UNIX Users......Page 648 Module 7: System Security......Page 649 Module 10: The TCP/ IP Suite......Page 650 Module 12: Advanced Network Tools......Page 651 Module 13: Overview of SNMP......Page 652 Module 16: SNMP System Management Tools......Page 653 Module 18: File Transfer Protocol......Page 654 Module 20: Using DHCP......Page 655 Module 21: Using rdist......Page 656 Appendix B - Tools at a Glance......Page 658 Appendix C - Overview of MIB- II......Page 662 Discover MIB- II......Page 663 System Group......Page 664 Interfaces Group......Page 668 Index......Page 678