Modern Digital Halftoning

Description

The late 1980s, revolutionary advances in digital halftoning enabled inkjet printers to achieve much higher image fidelity. The rapid rate of progress has resulted in numerous breakthroughs scattered throughout the literature, rendering old technologies obsolete and renewing the need for a centralized source on the current state of the art. Entirely revised and updated, Modern Digital Halftoning, Second Edition provides an integrated and up-to-date treatment of stochastic halftoning and digital printing. Using full-color illustrations to enhance the text, this edition incorporates new topics as well as updated models, algorithms, and methods used to construct and improve the quality of green-noise, blue-noise, and multitone images. Following a review of various halftoning techniques, this edition now covers amplitude modulated dither arrays, adapting to human visual models, direct binary search, and handling stochastic moiré problems. It also presents a new chapter on lenticular printing, a means for printing color holographic images. Accompanying downloadable resources contain MATLAB software files and illustrated examples employing algorithms, statistics, and other key concepts from the book. Documenting the development of digital printing since the first edition, Modern Digital Halftoning, Second Edition offers a well-rounded and accurate perspective on the technological capabilities of digital printing and provides all the necessary tools for continuing research in the field. Cover Preface Contents 1 - Introduction 1.1 - AM Digital Halftoning 1.2 - FM Digital Halftoning 1.3 - AM-FM Hybrids 1.3.1 - Why Modern Digital Halftoning? 2 - AM Halftoning 2.1 - Dot Shape 2.2 - Screen Angles and Moiré 2.3 - Screen Frequency 2.4 - Supercells 2.5 - Zero-Angle Dither Arrays 3 - Stochastic Halftone Analysis 3.1 - Point Processes 3.2 - Spatial Statistics 3.2.1 - Pair Correlation 3.2.2 - Directional Distribution Function 3.3 - Spectral Statistics 3.3.1 - Radially Averaged Power Spectral Density 3.3.2 - Anisotropy 3.4 - Color Halftoning 3.4.1 - RGB Color Triangle 3.4.2 - CMY 3.4.3 - CMYK 3.4.4 - Color Statistics 4 - Halftone Visibility 4.1 - Campbell’s CSF Model 4.2 - Näsänen (Exponential) Model 4.3 - Mixed Gaussian Models 4.4 - Alpha-Stable HVS Models 5 - Blue-Noise Dithering 5.1 - Spatial and Spectral Characteristics 5.1.1 - Spatial Statistics 5.1.2 - Spectral Statistics 5.2 - Error-diffusion 5.2.1 - Eliminating Unwanted Textures Modified Filter Weights Raster Scanning Path Filter and Threshold Perturbations Feedback 5.2.2 - Edge Enhancement 6 - Blue-Noise Dither Arrays 6.1 - Simulated Annealing 6.2 - Void-and-Cluster 6.3 - BIPPSMA 7 - Direct Binary Search 7.1 - Halftoning by DBS 7.2 - Efficient DBS Algorithm 7.3 - Effect of HVS model 8 - Hexagonal Grid Halftoning 8.1 - Spectral Aliasing 8.2 - Modified Blue-Noise Model 8.3 - Hexagonal Sampling Grids 8.3.1 - Hexagonal Grid Dither Arrays 9 - Printers: Distortions and Models 9.1 - Printer Distortion 9.1.1 - Dot-Gain 9.1.2 - Dot-Loss 9.2 - Dot Models 9.2.1 - Physical Models Hard Circular Dot Model Stochastic Dot Model I Stochastic Dot Model II 9.2.2 - Statistical Models Ink Jet Dot Model Double Sized Dot Model Mixing Colors Arbitrary Paper Stock 9.3 - Corrective Measures 9.3.1 - Tone Correction 9.3.2 - Mode-Based Halftoning 9.3.3 - Clustering 10 - Green-Noise Dithering 10.1 - Spatial and Spectral Characteristics 10.1.1 - Spatial Statistics 10.1.2 - Spectral Statistics 10.2 - EDODF 10.2.1 - Eliminating Unwanted Textures Balanced Filter Weights Modified Filter Weights Filter Perturbation 10.2.2 - Edge Enhancement 10.2.3 - Adaptive Hysteresis Tone-Dependent Hysteresis Frequency-Dependent Hysteresis 11 - Green-Noise Masks 11.1 - BIPPCCA 11.1.1 - Pattern Robustness Using BIPPCCA 11.1.2 - Constructing the Green-Noise Mask 11.2 - Optimal Green-Noise Masks 12 - Color Printing 12.1 - Generalized Error-diffusion 12.2 - Multi-Channel Green-Noise Masks 12.2.1 - Color BIPPCCA 13 - Stochastic Moiré 13.1 - Spatial Analysis of Periodic Moiré 13.2 - Spatial Analysis of Aperiodic Moiré 13.3 - Spectral Analysis of Aperiodic Moiré 13.4 - Minimizing Stochastic Moiré 13.5 - Stochastic Moiré and Green-Noise 14 - Multi-Tone Dithering 14.1 - Spectral Statistics of Multi-tones 14.2 - Multi-Tone Blue-Noise Model 14.3 - Blue-Noise Multi-Toning 14.3.1 - Blue-Noise Multi-Toning with Error-Diffusion 14.3.2 - Multi-Toning with DBS 14.4 - Optimization 15 - Lenticular Halftoning 15.1 - Model-Based Error-diffusion 15.2 - Iterative Tone Correction 15.2.1 - Single-Pass Tone Correction 15.2.2 - Correlated Columns 15.2.3 - Detecting Gamut Instabilities 16 - Conclusions Bibliography List of Figures Color Insert