Essential Surgical Procedures

Description

Accessible on a variety of devices, Essential Surgical Procedures is an electronic-only resource that provides general surgery residents and trainees with the fundamental Essential-Common procedures they need to know in order to demonstrate competency on their exams and perform procedures successfully. Combining key information from multiple leading reference works published by Elsevier, it includes detailed sets of step-by-step instructions for 89 specific procedures in various surgical areas, delivering clear, definitive guidance on clinical anatomy, perioperative considerations, and operative technique for each. The content is supplemented with copious line drawings, clinical photographs and, wherever possible, real-time video clips capturing key moments of a surgical procedure. New to this Edition A single, portable resource that provides quick access to essential, procedure related content containing concise text, images, and videos on either handheld device or tablet. No connectivity to internet needed. A quick, highly visual reference for general surgery residents to review before entering the OR to either perform or watch a procedure. Pulls together in single resource key information on surgical procedures from a wide range of content in multiple reference works. Using easy to follow illustrations, recognized experts detail what a general surgery resident needs to know about an array of surgeries he is required to perform competently by the end of his training. The step-by-step instructions allow the user to review technique before actually doing or observing the surgery. Brief review of the conceptual basis for each procedure along with key studies that influence the surgical decision making. Clinical anatomy, perioperative considerations, operative technique, pearls, pitfalls highlighted for each procedure provides the user with a quickly accessible single resource for all of the clinical skill needed to perform a procedure successfully. Includes video clips so that user can view key moments in the course of the procedure. Includes review questions and answers together with the rationale behind those answers help the user prepare for certification or in service training exams. Key Features Allows users to search all of the text, illustrations, videos and tables on a variety of devices, without the need for an internet connection. Features 89 chapters covering the Essential-Common procedures listed in the Surgical Council on Resident Education (SCORE) curriculum. Includes 2,000 pages worth of content from 52 leading surgical reference works and 13 journals, in addition to over 1,444 images and artworks. Showcases 67 videos to illustrate key moments of a surgical procedure. Features 344 board-style self-assessment questions and answers, along with a brief rationale behind the answers to each question. Includes a brief review of the conceptual basis for each procedure, along with key studies that influence the surgical decision-making process. Highlights clinical anatomy, perioperative considerations, operative techniques, pearls, and pitfalls for each procedure. Essential Surgical Procedures Copyright Page Consulting Editors Preface Acknowledgements 1 Exploratory Laparotomy – Laparoscopic Goals/Objectives 1-1 Minimal-Access Surgery Applications for Minimal-Access Surgery Diagnostic Laparoscopy Therapeutic Laparoscopy General Guidelines for Minimal-Access Surgery Evaluation and Selection of Patients Preoperative Management of Patients Choice of Equipment and Techniques Procedures Involved in Abdominal Laparoscopic Operations Creating a CO2 Pneumoperitoneum and Initial Port Closed Technique Open Technique Placing Additional Ports Recognizing and Managing Complications Suggested Reading 1-2 Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage and Laparoscopy in Evaluation of Abdominal Trauma Laparoscopy in Trauma 1-3 Common Access Techniques 1-4 Laparoscopy-Assisted ERCP 1-5 Self Assessment References 2 Exploratory Laparotomy – Open Goals/Objectives 2-1 Acute Abdomen Evaluation and Diagnosis Laboratory Studies Imaging Studies 2-2 Self Assessment References 3 Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Insertion Goals/Objectives 3-1 Peritoneal Dialysis Peritoneal Physiology and Transport The Peritoneal Catheter and Access Catheter-Related Complications References 3-2 Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement 3-3 Advanced Laparoscopic Techniques Significantly Improve Function of Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters Methods Surgical Technique Selective Omentopexy Subcutaneous Catheter Tunneling Statistical Analysis Results Discussion Conclusions References 3-4 Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement Further Reading 3-5 Self Assessment References 4 Peritoneal Lesion – Biopsy Goals/Objectives 4-1 Peritoneum And Peritoneal Cavity Peritoneum And Peritoneal Cavity Anatomy Physiology Peritoneal Disorders Ascites Pathophysiology and cause. Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis. Ascitic Fluid Analysis. Treatment of Ascites in Cirrhotic Patients. Chylous Ascites. Peritonitis. Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis. Tuberculous Peritonitis. Peritonitis Associated With Chronic Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis. Malignant Neoplasms of the Peritoneum Pseudomyxoma Peritonei. Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma. References Further Reading 4-2 Self Assessment References 5 Inguinal and Femoral Hernia – Laparoscopic Repair Goals/Objectives 5-1 Hernias Laparoscopic Repair. Results of Hernia Repair Femoral Hernias 5-2 Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair Further Reading 5-3 Self assessment References 6 Inguinal and Femoral Hernia – Open Repair Goals/Objectives 6-1 Hernias Diagnosis Classification Treatment Nonoperative Management References 6-2 Open Inguinal Hernia Repair with Plug and Patch Technique Complications of mesh repair Mesh Fixation Mesh Infection and/or Exposure Enterocutaneous Fistula Hernia Recurrence Vas Deferens Obstruction Nerve Entrapment/Chronic Inguinal Pain References 6-3 Hernia Repair: General Principles – Tension-Free versus Tension 6-4 Self Assessment References 7 Ventral Hernia – Laparoscopic Repair Goals/Objectives 7-1 Ventral Herniation in Adults Laparoscopic Operative Method 7-2 Laparoscopic Ventral and Incisional Hernia Repair Overview Indications Preoperative Planning Equipment and Materials Operative Technique A New Variation on Standard Technique Laparoscopic Myofascial Separation of Components and Advancement Anatomic Variants: Epigastric, Suprapubic, and Flank Hernias Results of Treatment Summary Suggested Reading 7-3 Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair – Standard 7-4 Self Assessment References 8 Ventral Hernia – Open Repair Goals/Objectives 8-1 Hernias Incisional Hernia Treatment: Operative Repair Prosthetic Materials for Ventral Hernia Repair Synthetic Materials. Biologic Materials. Operative Technique Ventral Hernias. Intraperitoneal Mesh Placement. Retromuscular Mesh Placement. Component Separation. Endoscopic Component Separation. Results of Incisional Hernia Repairs References 8-2 Open Retromuscular Ventral Hernia Repair 8-3 Incisional/Ventral Hernia – Mesh and Tissue Flap 8-4 Open Retromuscular Ventral Hernia Repair 8-5 Self Assessment References 9 Cholecystectomy with or without Cholangiography – Laparoscopic Goals/Objectives 9-1 Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Overview Indications Technique Complications Summary Suggested Reading 9-2 Cholecystectomy Step 1. Surgical Anatomy Step 2. Preoperative Considerations Patient Preparation Equipment and Instrumentation Anesthesia Room Setup and Patient Positioning Step 3. Operative Steps Access and Port Placement Description of Procedure Step 4. Postoperative Care Step 5. Pearls and Pitfalls Suggested Reading 9-3 Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Operative Indications Preoperative Evaluation Patient Positioning and Placement of Trocars Operative Technique Postoperative Care Procedure-Specific Complications Results and Outcome Suggested Reading 9-4 Laparoscopic Approach to Common Duct Pathology Technique Results Comments Conclusions References Further Reading 9-5 Self Assessment References 10 Cholecystectomy with or without Cholangiography – Open Goals/Objectives 10-1 Technique of Cholecystectomy Overview Laparoscopic versus Minilaparotomy Cholecystectomy Indications for Open Cholecystectomy Preoperative Assessment Operation Anatomy Technique Incision Initial Assessment Placement of Retractors and Optimizing Exposure Emptying the Gallbladder Retrograde Cholecystectomy Anterograde, or Fundus-Down, Cholecystectomy Cholecystectomy Through Small Incisions Partial Cholecystectomy Intraoperative Problems References 10-2 Self Assessment References 11 Hepatic Biopsy – Laparoscopic Goals/Objectives 11-1 Liver Resections Further Reading 11-2 Self Assessment References 12 Hepatic Biopsy – Open Goals/Objectives 12-1 Normal Liver Anatomy and Biopsy Techniques Normal Anatomy Biopsy References Normal Anatomy Biopsy Further Reading 12-2 Self Assessment References 13 Splenectomy – Laparoscopic Goals/Objectives 13-1 The Spleen 13-2 Laparoscopic Splenectomy 13-3 Minimally Invasive Splenectomy 13-4 Self Assessment References 14 Splenectomy – Open Goals/Objectives 14-1 The Spleen Splenectomy Benign Hematologic Conditions Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Hereditary Spherocytosis Hemolytic Anemia Caused by Erythrocyte Enzyme Deficiency Hemoglobinopathies Malignancy Lymphomas Hodgkin’s Disease. Non-hodgkin’s Lymphomas. Leukemia Hairy Cell Leukemia. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia. Non-Hematologic Tumors of the Spleen Miscellaneous Benign Conditions Splenic Cysts Splenic Abscess Wandering Spleen References 14-2 Splenectomy/Splenic Repair 14-3 Open Splenectomy 14-4 Self Assessment References 15 Antireflux Procedure – Laparoscopic Goals/Objectives 15-1 Hiatal Hernia and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Pathophysiology Clinical Presentation Physical Examination Preoperative Evaluation Endoscopy Manometry pH Monitoring Esophagography Other Tests References 15-2 Nissen Fundoplication 15-3 Surgical Management of Esophageal Reflux and Hiatal Hernia Surgical Management of Esophageal Reflux and Hiatus Hernia: Long-Term Results with 1,030 Patients References 15-4 Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication Further Reading 15-5 Self Assessment References 16 Gastrostomy – Open Goals/Objectives 16-1 Stomach: Anatomy Anatomy Gross Anatomy Divisions Blood Supply Lymphatic Drainage Innervation Gastric Morphology Gastric Microscopic Anatomy 16-2 Intubation of the Stomach and Small Intestine Surgical Placement Stamm Gastrostomy Laparoscopic Stamm Gastrostomy Janeway Gastrostomy Laparoscopic Janeway Gastrostomy References 16-3 Stamm Gastrostomy 16-4 Self Assessment References 17 Gastrostomy – Percutaneous Endoscopic Goals/Objectives 17-1 Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Placement and Replacement Indications Placement Replacement Contraindications Placement Absolute Relative Replacement Absolute Relative Equipment and Materials Placement Replacement Preprocedure Patient Preparation Antibiotic Prophylaxis Technique Placement Patient Positioning Anesthetic Administration Endoscope Insertion and Evaluation Identification of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Abdominal Insertion Site Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube Placement A. “Pull” Technique. B. “Push” Technique. Postprocedure Endoscopy Post-Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Placement Special Considerations Technique Replacement Dislodged Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy, Closed Mature Tract (≥4 Weeks after Placement) Dislodged Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy, Open Mature Tract (≥4 Weeks after Placement) Dislodged Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy, Immature Tract (