The Blue-Eyed Enemy: Japan against the West in Java and Luzon, 1942-1945

Description

The Blue-Eyed Enemy is a comprehensive account of the interwoven histories of the three major archipelago-nations of the West Pacific during the years of the Second World War. Theodore Friend examines Japanese colonialism in Indonesia and the Philippines as an example of recurring patterns of domination and repression in that region. He depicts Japanese rule in Greater East Asia as expressive of the folly of the general who exhorted his troops "to annihilate the blue-eyed enemy and their black slaves." At the same time he clearly shows where the return of Western power aimed at new links between conqueror and conquered, or lords and bondsmen. Throughout the work one encounters an infectious sympathy for those afflicted by imperialism and racism from whatever source, at whatever time. The book is based on documentary research in Japan, Indonesia, and the Philippines, as well as in the United States and the Netherlands, and on over one hundred interviews with major actors and key observers of the era. The analysis balances an eclectic use of social science perspectives with a humanistic concreteness, and leads to new understanding of leaders like Sukarno and Hatta, Jose P. Laurel and Benigno Aquino, Sr., and Generals Yamashita and MacArthur. As comparative tropical history, it elucidates the contrasting cultural traditions and political psychologies of Indonesia and the Philippines and explains why 1945 was a year of dramatic contrast: "reoccupation" and revolution for the first country, and "liberation" and restoration for the latter. Originally published in 1988. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. Cover Contents List of Illustrations List of Tables Preface Abbreviations and Transliterations Map of the West Pacifice and East Asia Introduction: Liberators and Oppressors in Southeast Asia The "Holy War for Asian Liberation" Sovereignty Contests in Southeast Asia Images of Bonded Indentity and Conflict Sukarno and Quezon as Bondsmen and Lords 1. Dependence and Development Under Dutch and American Rule Indonesia and the Philippines in 1931: An Overview Economic Dependence and Development Educational Development Political and Administrative Development 2. Expression and Repression Under Dutch and American Rule The Dutch: Pid, Surveillance, and Internment The Americans and the "Argus-Eyed Constabulary" Imperial Style in the Great Depression 3. Japan as Successor Empire Defeating the Blue-Eyed Enemy Hakkō Ichiu and Absorption of the South Military Administration: Structure and Leaders Military Administration: Policy and Style 4. Expectation and Mobilization in Java and Luzon Javanese Messianism and Filipino Meliorism Leadership: Characters, Styles, and Situations Mobilization and Order in Java Mobilization and Pluralism in Luzon 5. Toward a Republic: Indonesia Reluctant Promises A Constitution and Its Ideology Independence: Imperial Decree Independence: National Proclamation 6. Transition Republic: The Philippines The Third Philippine Constitution Independence in Alliance with Japan Declaration of War Against the Allies Evacuation and Dissolution of the Republic 7. Encounters in the Asian Family Older Brother, Younger Brother Interpreting: Hamamoto and Shimizu Reinterpreting: Chainl Anwar and S. P. Lopez 8. Assistance and Resistance Rice Collection Labor Conscription Military Auxiliaries Undergrounds and Guerrillas 9. Japanese Repression in Victory and Defeat Repressive Style and Agency The Kenpeitai in Java The Kenpeitai in Luzon Repressors as Losers The Holy War in Kenpei Memory 10. Revolution in Java Power Vacuum Postures of the Japanese National Revolution Rebelling and Governing The Character of the Revolution 11. Binational Restoration in Luzon Power Plenum Liberation as Restoration Orphan Security: The Bases A Bilateral Political Economy Parity Rights as Binational Seal Myth of Perfection, Facts of Dependence Conclusion: Dynamics of Empire and Liberation Imperial Dynamics Dependence and Repression: The Japanese Demand Co-Optation and Revolt: Indonesian Response to the Japanese Rejection and Reversion: Filipino Response to the Japanese Nostalgia and Filialism Mirroring and Mutual Dependence "Blue-Eyed Enemy" and "Blue-Eyed Friend" Aggrandizement and Diminishment in Imperial-National Dynamics Empire, Liberty, and Mutual Bonding The Sources: A Bibliographic Essay Index