Zoology

Description

The 11th edition of Zoology continues to offer students an introductory general zoology text that is manageable in size and adaptable to a variety of course formats. It is a principles-oriented text written for the non-majors or the combined course, presented at the freshman and sophomore level. Cover Brief Contents Contents Preface CHAPTER 1: Zoology: AnEvolutionary andEcological Perspective Chapter Outline Introduction to Zoology Zoology: An Evolutionary Perspective Zoology: An Ecological Perspective WILDLIFE ALERT Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 2: The Structure and Function of Animal Cells Chapter Outline Cells: The Common Unit of All Life Cellular Membranes and Membrane Transport Energy Processing The Nucleus, Ribosomes, and Vaults The Endomembrane System Peroxisomes The Cytoskeleton and Cellular Movement Levels of Organization inan Animal Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 3: Cell Division and Inheritance Chapter Outline Eukaryotic Chromosomes The Cell Cycle and Mitotic Cell Division Meiosis: The Basis of Sexual Reproduction DNA: The Genetic Material Inheritance Patterns in Animals WILDLIFE ALERT Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 4: Evolution: Historyand Evidence Chapter Outline Organic Evolution and Pre-Darwinian Theories of Change Darwin’s Early Years and His Journey Early Development of Darwin’s Ideas of Evolution The Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Geological Time and Mass Extinctions Microevolution, Macroevolution, and Evidence of Macroevolutionary Change Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 5: Evolution and Gene Frequencies Chapter Outline Populations and Gene Pools Must Evolution Happen? Evolutionary Mechanisms Species and Speciation Rates of Evolution Molecular Evolution Mosaic Evolution Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 6: Ecology: Preserving the Animal Kingdom Chapter Outline Animals and Their AbioticEnvironment Biotic Factors: Populations Biotic Factors: Interspecific Interactions Communities Trophic Structure ofEcosystems Cycling within Ecosystems Ecological Problems Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 7: Animal Taxonomy, Phylogeny, and Organization Chapter Outline Taxonomy and Phylogeny Patterns of Organization Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 8: Animal Origins and Phylogenetic Highlights Chapter Outline Earth’s Beginning and Evidence of Early Life Life’s Beginning and the First 3 Billion Years Multicellularity and Animal Origins Phylogenetic Highlights of Animalia Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 9: The Basal Animal Phyla Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Phylum Porifera Phylum Cnidaria Phylum Ctenophora Wildlife Alert Further Phylogenetic Considerations Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 10: The Smaller Lophotrochozoan Phyla Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Platyzoa: Phylum Platyhelminthes Platyzoa: Smaller Phyla Other Lophotrochozoans Further Phylogenetic Considerations Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 11: Molluscan Success Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Molluscan Characteristics Class Gastropoda Class Bivalvia Class Cephalopoda Class Polyplacophora Class Scaphopoda Class Monoplacophora Class Solenogastres Class Caudofoveata Further Phylogenetic Considerations Wildlife Alert Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 12: Annelida: The Metameric Body Form Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Annelid Structure and Function Clade (Class) Errantia Clade (Class) Sedentaria Basal Annelid Groups Further Phylogenetic Considerations Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 13: The Smaller Ecdysozoan Phyla Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Phylum Nematoda (Roundworms) Other Ecdysozoan Phyla Further Phylogenetic Considerations Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 14: The Arthropods: Blueprint for Success Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Metamerism and Tagmatization The Exoskeleton The Hemocoel Metamorphosis Subphylum Trilobitomorpha Subphylum Chelicerata Subphylum Myriapoda Further Phylogenetic Considerations Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 15: The Pancrustacea: Crustacea and Hexapoda Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Subphylum Crustacea Wildlife Alert Subphylum Hexapoda Further Phylogenetic Considerations Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 16: Ambulacraria: Echinoderms and Hemichordates Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Phylum Echinodermata Phylum Hemichordata Wildlife Alert Further Phylogenetic Considerations Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 17: Chordata: Urochordata and Cephalochordata Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Phylum Chordata Further Phylogenetic Considerations Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 18: The Fishes: Vertebrate Success inWater Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Survey of Fishes Evolutionary Pressures Wildlife Alert Further Phylogenetic Considerations Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 19: Amphibians: TheFirst Terrestrial Vertebrates Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Survey of Amphibians Evolutionary Pressures Amphibians in Peril Wildlife Alert Further Phylogenetic Considerations Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 20: Nonavian Reptiles: Diapsid Amniotes Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Survey of the Nonavian Reptiles Wildlife Alert Evolutionary Pressures Further Phylogenetic Considerations Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 21: Birds: The Avian Reptiles Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Evolutionary Pressures Wildlife Alert Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 22: Mammals: Synapsid Amniotes Chapter Outline Evolutionary Perspective Diversity of Mammals Evolutionary Pressures Wildlife Alert Human Evolution Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 23: Protection, Support, and Movement Chapter Outline Integumentary Systems Skeletal Systems Nonmuscular Movement and Muscular Systems Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 24: Communication I: Nervous and Sensory Systems Chapter Outline Neurons: The Basic Functional Units of the Nervous System Neuron Communication Invertebrate Nervous Systems Vertebrate Nervous Systems Sensory Reception Invertebrate Sensory Receptors Vertebrate Sensory Receptors Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 25: Communication II: The Endocrine System and Chemical Messengers Chapter Outline The Evolution and Diversity of Chemical Messengers Hormones and Their Feedback Systems Mechanisms of Hormone Action Endocrine Glands Invertebrate Endocrine Control Endocrine Systems of Fishes and Amphibians Endocrine Systems of Amniotes Some Hormones AreNot Produced byEndocrine Glands Evolution ofEndocrine Systems Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 26: Circulation and Gas Exchange Chapter Outline Transport Systems inInvertebrates Transport Systems inVertebrates Vertebrate Circulatory Systems The Mammalian Circulatory System Lymphatic Systems Gas Exchange Vertebrate Respiratory Systems The Mammalian Respiratory System Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 27: Nutrition and Digestion Chapter Outline Evolution of Heterotrophy The Metabolic Fates of Nutrients inHeterotrophs Digestion Animal Strategies for Getting and Using Food Diversity in Digestive Structures: Invertebrates Diversity in Digestive Structures: Vertebrates The Mammalian Digestive System Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 28: Temperature and Body Fluid Regulation Chapter Outline Homeostasis and Temperature Regulation Control of Water and Electrolytes Invertebrate Excretory Systems Vertebrate Excretory Systems Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions CHAPTER 29: Reproduction andDevelopment Chapter Outline Asexual Reproduction inInvertebrates Sexual Reproduction in Invertebrates Sexual Reproduction in Vertebrates The Human Male Reproductive System The Human Female Reproductive System Prenatal Development and Birth in a Human Summary Concept Review Questions Analysis and Application Questions Appendix A: Animal Phylogeny Appendix B: The History of the Earth: Geological Eons, Eras, Periods, and Major Biological Events Appendix C: Animal-Like Protists: The Protozoa Evolutionary Perspective Protozoans: Major Ecological Roles Supergroup Excavata Supergroup Amoebozoa Supergroup Chromalveolata Glossary Index