Internal Security for Civil Services Main Examination GS Paper III

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Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Brief Contents Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgements About the Author Chapter 1 Introduction Introduction Definition Attributes of Internal Security Major Reasons/Causes/Sources of Internal Security Traditional Internal Security Challenges Non-Traditional Internal Security Challenges India's Internal Security Challenges Unstable Neighborhood Insurgency in the Northeast Threat of Communalism Caste Conflicts Regional and Ethnic Conflicts in Various Parts of the Left Wing Extremist Movement Situation in Jammu and Kashmir Trans-border Migration from Bangladesh Misuse of IT Tools China’s Interest in the Northeast Factors Responsible for Internal Security Problems Poverty and Unemployment Governance Deficit Communal Tension Unequal Growth Unstable Neighborhood Corruption Prolonged Judicial Processes Caste Consciousness India’s Defence and Security Policy India’s Security Objective India’s Security Interests Present Security Policy Situation Lacunae in the Present Policy Key Elements of Internal Security Doctrine Political Situation Socio-economic Consideration Governance Police and Other Security Forces Co-ordination between the Centre and State lntelligence Border Area Management Cyber Security Management Internal Policy Doctrine – Essential Aspects Physical Component Psychological Component Development and Spread of Extremism Underdevelopment and Extremism Practice Questions Chapter 2 Terrorism Introduction Terrorism – Definition Types of Terrorism Ethno-nationalist Terrorism Religious Terrorism Rise of ISIS What Is ISIS? Where do they Operate From? What are Global Powers Doing to Counter ISIS? Do They Still Pose a Threat to Global Peace? Leftist Terrorism Rightist Terrorism State Terrorism State-Sponsored Terrorism Causes of Terrorism Ethno-Nationalism Alienation/Discrimination Religion Socio-economic Status Political Grievances Means of Terrorism Environmental Terrorism Weapons of Mass Destruction Chemical Weapons Nuclear Weapons Biological Weapons Cyber Terrorism Suicide Terrorism Effects of Terrorism Terrorism in India Forms of Terrorism in India Anti-Terror Laws in India Anti-Hijacking Act, 2016 Positive Aspects of the Act Areas for improvement Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002 Noted Terrorist Attacks in India Pathankot Attack, 2016 Uri Attack Steps to Counter Terrorism Surgical Strikes Global Terror Database Benefits of MoU Role of Passive Stakeholders Educational Institutions Civil Society Media Role of Social Media in Terrorism Practice Questions Chapter 3 Naxalism Naxalism – The Genesis Telangana Struggle Post-Telangana Struggle A Violent Dawn – Emergence of Naxalism Naxalism – An Evolution Causes for the Rise of Naxalism Initiatives by Individual States Reason for its Survival Strategy of the Naxals Recruitment Process of the Naxals Naxal Training and Structure Urban Naxalism The Government of India’s Approach Government Response Left Wing Extremism About the Division Review and Monitoring Mechanisms Other Initiatives Andhra Pradesh Model Practice Questions Chapter 4 North East India Introduction Historical Background Political Integration Geography Interdependence Political Unrest Insurgency in the Northeast Assam History Location History ULFA ULFA’s Claim The Government’s Stand Negotiations Present Situation NDFB Ceasefire Arunachal Pradesh History The McMahon Line Insurgency Meghalaya History Insurgency Groups Mizoram History Insurgency Tripura History Insurgency Terrorist/Insurgent Groups – Tripura Manipur History Inner Line Permit Manipur’s Demand for ILP Reason for Manipur’s ILP Demand Nagaland History Road to Statehood Later Insurgency Movement Peace Process Insurgency Groups Naga Peace Accord Active Terrorist/Insurgent Groups Inactive Terrorist/Insurgent Groups Factors Responsible for Insurgency in the Northeast Government’s Response to Northeast Extremism Counter Insurgency – Steps Being Taken Recommendations of Bezberua Committee Development of Northeast Region Gross State Domestic Product Unemployment Higher in Urban Areas Poverty Levels Transport Sector Power Production Literacy Infant Mortality Ease of Doing Business Practice Questions Chapter 5 Role of External State and Non-State Actors in Creating Challenges to Internal Security Threats from External State Actors Threat from China China not a Threat China as a Threat China’s Role in the Northeast Threats from Pakistan Threats from External Non-State Actors Terrorist Organisations Drug Cartels Human-trafficking Cartels Fake Currency Rackets Cyber Attacks Maoists/Naxalites Insurgents/Cross-Border Ethnic Groups Illegal Immigrants Multi-National Corporations Civil Society Organisations/NGOs Pirates Anti-Piracy Operations by the Indian Navy Practice Questions Chapter 6 Coastal Security Introduction The Coastal Security Threat Coastal Security Scheme Coastal Security System Inadequacies in Coastal Security Architecture Coastal Security-Steps to Improve Inter-agency Cooperation Technological Strengthening The National Command Control Centre and Intelligence Network Fishermen and Coastal Security Maritime Training to State Police Practice Questions Chapter 7 Cyber Security Introduction Types of Attacks Cyber Terrorism Tools of Cyber Terrorism/Crime Cyber Warfare Types of Cyber Warfare Challenges to India’s Cyber Security Cyber Attacks against India Cyber War by Pakistan Cyber War by China Existing Cyber Security Initiatives Information Technology Act, 2000 Cyber Appellate Tribunal (CAT) Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) National Information Board (NIB) National Crisis Management Committee (NCMC) National Information Infrastructure Protection Centre (NIIPC) Challenges and Concerns of Cyber Security Government of India’s Encryption Policy (Repealed) What Is Encryption? How did Encryption Originate? What was the Draft Encryption Policy? Concerns Regarding the Draft Encryption Policy National Cyber Security Policy 2013 Key Highlights Standing Committee Report on Cyber Crime, Cyber Security and Right to Privacy National Cyber Security Agency Practice Questions Chapter 8 Money Laundering Introduction The Process of Money Laundering Various Methods of Money Laundering Effects of Money Laundering On Business On Economic Development Society Steps Taken by the Government to Prevent Money Laundering Prevention of Money Laundering (Amendment) Act, 2012 The Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets (Imposition of Tax) Act, 2015 Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Amendment Act, 2016 II ARC Recommendations on Prevention of Money Laundering Black Money White Paper on Black Money – Government of India SPECIAL INVESTIGATION TEAM Recommends Steps to Curb Money Laundering International Organisations and Conventions UN Convention and Security Council Resolution Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement Advantages of Being Part of MCAA Practice Questions Chapter 9 Security Challenges and Their Management in Border Areas Introduction Challenges In India’s Borders Problems Faced by the People Living in Border Areas India’s International Borders The Indo-Pakistan Border The Sino-Indian Border The Indo-Nepal and Indo-Bhutan Border The Indo-Myanmar Border The Indo-Bangladesh Border Border Management Border Area Development Programme (BADP) Lacunae in India’s Border Management The Way Forward Practice Questions Chapter 10 Organised Crime Introduction Characteristics of Organised Crime Types of Organised Crime Drug Trafficking Smuggling Money Laundering Terrorism Contract Killings Kidnapping for Ransom Migrant Trafficking Flesh Trade Arms Proliferation Cyber Crime Wildlife Trafficking Problems in Control Efforts Inadequate Legal Structure Difficulties in Obtaining Proof Lack of Resources and Training Lack of Co-ordination Criminal, Political and Bureaucratic Nexus Dual Criminality Transnational Organised Crime United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime Differences between Terrorism and Organised Crime Linkage between Organised Crime and Terrorism The Way Forward Enhancing International Co-operation Practice Questions Chapter 11 Various Security Forces, Agencies and Their Mandates Armed Forces Indian Army Indian Navy Indian Air Force Central Armed Police Forces Assam Rifles Border Security Force The Central Industrial Security Force Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) Indo-Tibetan Border Police National Security Guard Sashastra Seema Bal Paramilitary Forces Indian Coast Guard Home Guard Railway Protection Force Central Intelligence and Investigating Agencies National Investigation Agency (NIA) Federal Questions Regarding NIA’s Power Central Bureau of Investigation Research and Analysis Wing Intelligence Bureau Enforcement Directorate Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation Narcotics Control Bureau National Technical Research Organisation Crime and Criminal Tracking Network System NATGRID Criticisms National Fingerprints Database Benefits of the Move Practice Questions ANNEXURE 1 Summary of 5th Report of 2nd ARC on Public Order National Security, Economic Development and Social Harmony ANNEXURE 2 Extracts of Volume 5 on Internal Security, Criminal Justice and Centre State Cooperation of Commission on Central State Relationship Headed by Justice M. M. Punnchi ANNEXURE 3 Extracts of Report of Supreme Court Appointed Commission on AFSPA Headed by Justice Santhosh Hedge ANNEXURE 4 Extracts of Guidelines on Communal Harmony ANNEXURE 5 Extracts of the Report of the Committee Under the Chairmanship of Shri M.P. Bezbaruah to Look into the Concerns of the People of the North East Living in Other Parts of the Country ANNEXURE 6 National Cyber Security Policy – 2013 Ministry of Communication and Information Technology ANNEXURE 7 Role of Naxal Management Division ANNEXURE 8 Role of Left Wing Extremism (LWE) Division ANNEXURE 9 Role of Ministry of Home Affairs in Border Management ANNEXURE 10 Constitution of the Maoists Index