Classical Philosophy

Description

Classical Philosophy is the first of a series of books in which Peter Adamson aims ultimately to present a complete history of philosophy, more thoroughly but also more enjoyably than ever before. In short, lively chapters, based on the popular History of Philosophy podcast, he offers an accessible, humorous, and detailed look at the emergence of philosophy with the Presocratics, the probing questions of Socrates, and the first full flowering of philosophy with the dialogues of Plato and the treatises of Aristotle. The story is told "without any gaps," discussing not only such major figures but also less commonly discussed topics like the Hippocratic Corpus, the Platonic Academy, and the role of women in ancient philosophy. Within the thought of Plato and Aristotle, the reader will find in-depth introductions to major works, such as the Republic and the Nicomachean Ethics, which are treated in detail that is unusual in an introduction to ancient philosophy. Adamson looks at fascinating but less frequently read Platonic dialogues like the Charmides and Cratylus, and Aristotle's ideas in zoology and poetics. This full coverage allows him to tackle ancient discussions in all areas of philosophy, including epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of language, philosophy of science, ethics and politics. Attention is also given to the historical and literary context of classical philosophy, with exploration of how early Greek cosmology responded to the poets Homer and Hesiod, how Socrates was presented by the comic playwright Aristophanes and the historian Xenophon, and how events in Greek history may have influenced Plato's thought. This is a new kind of history which will bring philosophy to life for all readers, including those coming to the subject for the first time. Cover CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY: a history of philosophy without any gaps Copyright Dedication CONTENTS PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A NOTE ON REFERENCES DATES PART I: EARLY GREEK PHILOSOPHY 1: EVERYTHING IS FULL OF GODS: THALES 2: INFINITY AND BEYOND: ANAXIMANDER AND ANAXIMENES 3: CREATED IN OUR IMAGE: XENOPHANES 4: THE MAN WITH THE GOLDEN THIGH: PYTHAGORAS 5: OLD MAN RIVER: HERACLITUS 6: THE ROAD LESS TRAVELED: PARMENIDES 7: YOU CAN’T GET THERE FROM HERE: THE ELEATICS 8: THE FINAL CUT: THE ATOMISTS 9: MIND OVER MIXTURE: ANAXAGORAS 10: ALL YOU NEED IS LOVE, AND FIVE OTHER THINGS: EMPEDOCLES 11: GOOD HUMOR MEN: THE HIPPOCRATIC CORPUS 12: MAKING THE WEAKER ARGUMENT THE STRONGER: THE SOPHISTS PART II: SOCRATES AND PLATO 13: SOCRATES WITHOUT PLATO: THE PORTRAYALS OF ARISTOPHANES AND XENOPHON 14: METHOD MAN: PLATO’S SOCRATES 15: IN DIALOGUE: THE LIFE AND WRITINGS OF PLATO 16: KNOW THYSELF: TWO UNLOVED PLATONIC DIALOGUES 17: VIRTUE MEETS ITS MATCH: PLATO’S GORGIAS 18: WE DON’T NEED NO EDUCATION: PLATO’S MENO 19: I KNOW, BECAUSE THE CAGED BIRD SINGS: PLATO’S THEAETETUS 20: FAMOUS LAST WORDS: PLATO’S PHAEDO 21: SOUL AND THE CITY: JUSTICE IN PLATO’S REPUBLIC 22: AIN’T NO SUNSHINE: THE CAVE ALLEGORY OF PLATO’S REPUBLIC 23: SECOND THOUGHTS: PLATO’S PARMENIDES AND THE FORMS 24: UNTYING THE NOT: PLATO’S SOPHIST 25: WHAT’S IN A NAME?: PLATO’S CRATYLUS 26: A LIKELY STORY: PLATO’S TIMAEUS 27: WINGS OF DESIRE: PLATO’S EROTIC DIALOGUES 28: LAST JUDGMENTS: PLATO, POETRY, AND MYTH PART III: ARISTOTLE 29: MR KNOW IT ALL: ARISTOTLE’S LIFE AND WORKS 30: THE PHILOSOPHER’S TOOLKIT: ARISTOTLE’S LOGICAL WORKS 31: A PRINCIPLED STAND: ARISTOTLE’S EPISTEMOLOGY 32: DOWN TO EARTH: ARISTOTLE ON SUBSTANCE 33: FORM AND FUNCTION: ARISTOTLE’S FOUR CAUSES 34: LET’S GET PHYSICAL: ARISTOTLE’S NATURAL PHILOSOPHY 35: SOUL POWER: ARISTOTLE’S ON THE SOUL 36: CLASSIFIED INFORMATION: ARISTOTLE’S BIOLOGY 37: THE GOLDILOCKS THEORY: ARISTOTLE’S ETHICS 38: THE SECOND SELF: ARISTOTLE ON PLEASURE AND FRIENDSHIP 39: GOD ONLY KNOWS: ARISTOTLE ON MIND AND GOD 40: CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTIONS: ARISTOTLE’S POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY 41: STAGE DIRECTIONS: ARISTOTLE’S RHETORIC AND POETICS 42: ANYTHING YOU CAN DO: WOMEN AND ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY 43: THE NEXT GENERATION: THE FOLLOWERS OF PLATO AND ARISTOTLE NOTES Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 FURTHER READING Early Greek Philosophy Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes, and Xenophanes Pythagoras Heraclitus Parmenides Zeno and Melissus The Atomists Anaxagoras Empedocles The Hippocratics The Sophists Socrates Plato Plato: Apology and Euthyphro Plato: Charmides and Euthydemus Plato: Gorgias Plato: Meno Plato: Theaetetus Plato: Phaedo Plato: Republic Plato: Parmenides Plato: Sophist Plato: Cratylus Plato: Timaeus Plato: Lysis, Phaedrus, Symposium Plato on Myth Aristotle Aristotle: Logical Works Aristotle on Epistemology Aristotle on Substance Aristotle on the Four Causes Aristotle: Physics Aristotle: On the Soul (De Anima) Aristotle on Biology Aristotle: Ethics Aristotle on Mind and God Aristotle on Political Philosophy Aristotle: Rhetoric and Poetics Women in Ancient Philosophy Followers of Plato and Aristotle INDEX Пустая страница