A Critical Introduction to Sociology: Modernity, Colonialism, Nation-Building, and Post-Modernity

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An Introduction to Critical Sociology: From Modernity to Postmodernity Contents List of Boxes Preface PART ONE: Introducing Critical Sociology CHAPTER ONE: Sociology, Discourse, and Public Philosophy A Brief Overview of Sociology Sociology and Discourse Sociology as a Discourse of “Seeing the General in the Particular” and “the Strange in the Familiar” Sociology as a Discourse of Debunking Commonsense Knowledge: questioning hegemonic ideologies Sociology as a Discourse of Public Philosophy CHAPTER TWO: Sociological Imagination and Critical Sociology The Sociological Imagination and Public Philosophy ‘Discursive Sociological Knowledge’ and Quality of Mind The Sociological Imagination Framework The Sociological Imagination, Ethnocentrism, and False-Consciousness The Sociological Imagination, Public Philosophy, and Dialectical Analysis Critical Sociology Discourse PART ONE: Conclusion and Review Questions Chapters Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions PART TWO: Sociology, Sociological Theories, Controversies, and Debates Chapter Three Sociology: a multi-facetted field Sociology as a “Scientific Discipline” Sociology as a Multi- and Trans-Disciplinary Field: what do sociologists do? Sociology, Debates, Controversies, Paradigms, and Theories Becoming a Theorist: why is theory important? CHAPTER FOUR: Sociology, Debates, and Methods Agency and Structure Debate: social constructionism versus structuralism views Macro- and Micro-Sociology Debate Quantitative and Qualitative Sociology Going Beyond Agency versus Social Structure, Objective versus Subjective, and Macro- versus Micro-Sociology Debates PART TWO: Conclusion and Review Questions Chapters Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions PART THREE: From Premodernity to Modernity CHAPTER FIVE: Sociological Field, Context, and History Sociology as a Field: contextualizing the emerging sociological debates and controversies History and Sociology: an overview CHAPTER SIX: Sociology and the Rise of Modern Societies From Premodernity to Modernity PART THREE: Conclusion and Review Questions Chapters Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions PART FOUR: Modernity and the Birth ofSociology Chapter Seven: Sociology, Modernity, and Change Three Features of Modernity and New Modern Institutions Time and Space Separation (Distanciation): the chasm between modern and premodern eras Disembedding of Social Systems: the second source of dynamism in modernity Chapter Eight: Modernity, Expert Systems, and Modernism Two Mechanisms of Disembedding: symbolic tokens and expert systems Modernism PART FOUR: Conclusion and Review Questions Chapters Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions PART FIVE: Modernity, Historical Epochs, Nation-States, and Construction of Identity CHAPTER NINE: Modernity, the Enlightenment, Society, and Nation-States Modernity and Historical Epochs The Renaissance (1300–1600) The Enlightenment (1685–1815) Reactions to the Enlightenment Society in Modernity Modern Nation-States Characteristics of Modern Societies Chapter Ten: Identity and the Self in Modernity Symbolic Interactionism: George Herbert Mead and Charles Horton Cooley George Herbert Mead Mead and Cooley: the concept of the looking-glass self Play and Game Stages in Child Development and the Development of the Self Components of the self: the “I” and “Me” PART FIVE: Conclusion and Review Questions Chapters Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions PART SIX: Industrialization, Political Revolutions, Urbanization, Capitalism, Militarization, and Modernity CHAPTER ELEVEN: Sociology and Modern Technological, Social, and Economic Changes From Preindustrial to Industrial Societies CHAPTER TWELVE: Sociology and the Rise of Capitalism Capitalism: an overview Mercantilism-Merchant Capitalism (1500–1770s) Industrial Capitalism (1770s–1860s) Industrial Capitalism: a historical-theoretical analysis Corporate Industrial Capitalism (1860s–1930s) Taylorism and Fordism Taylorism and Fordism: what are their differences and similarities? The Great Depression and the New Deal: from laissez-faire economy to planned economy CHAPTER THIRTEEN: The Welfare State, Neoliberalism, and Postindustrialism Keynesian State/Corporate Capitalism (1930s–1970s): the era of intense social, cultural, economic, and political changes Militarization of the World: military industrial complex, educational security state, national security state, and industrial-consumer society The Rise of the Welfare State Neoliberal/Corporate Capitalism (1960s-present) Neoliberalism Post-Fordism and Postindustrialism Capitalist Stages: similarities and shared characteristics PART SIX: Conclusion and Review Questions Chapters Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions PART SEVEN: Capitalism, the State, Nation-States, Surveillance, and Violence Chapter Fourteen: Sociology, Power Structure, and Canada Power and Politics Types of Resources and Three Models of Power Power: its forms and levels Social and Economic Power and Power Structure Models Analysis of Elite Groups in Canada Wallace Clement and His Analysis of Elites William Carroll and His Analysis of Elite Groups States and Types of Government CHAPTER FIFTEEN: Theory, the State, and Sociology: An Introductory Reflection Two Theoretical Perspectives: the state in modernity Structural Functionalism and the State Marxism and the State CHAPTER SIXTEEN: Nation-States, Violence, and Imagined Identities The Rise of Nation-States The European World Prior to the Establishment of Nation-States Modern Nation-States: definition and characteristics Modern Nation-States and Surveillance Modern Nation-States and Violence Violence, Genocide, and Nation-States in Modernity Nation-States and Constructions of Imagined Identities and Invented Traditions Construction of National Identity: the discourse of nationalism National Identity and the Discourse of Binary Polarization PART SEVEN: Conclusion and Review Questions Chapters Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions PART EIGHT: Colonialism, Imperialism, and Postcolonial Relations CHAPTER SEVENTEEN: Colonialism, Imperialism, and Postcolonial Relations Conceptualizing Colonialism, Imperialism, and Postcolonialism Colonialism, “Race”, and Racism Racialization, Whiteness, and Domination: from colonial conceptions of “race” to different forms of contemporary racism Colonialism, Modernity, and Racial Discourses Monogenetic and Polygenetic Theories of Racial Differences: scientific racism, eugenicism, and the discourse of whiteness Colonizing Aboriginal Peoples in North America Imperialism Neocolonialism, Internal Colonialism, and Postcolonialism Orientalism: the discourse of western hegemony and domination CHAPTER EIGHTEEN: Colonialism, Domination, and Resistance Colonial and Imperialist Expansions: two distinct periods The First Period The Second Period: modern consequences of colonialism and imperialism Colonialism and Domination: assimilation, deculturalization, segregation, and educational denial Anticolonial Resistance and Neocolonialism: postcolonialism CHAPTER NINETEEN: Theory, Capitalist Formation, and Economic and Cultural Oppressions Theorizing the Effects of Colonialism, Imperialism, and Capitalist Relations: modernization, dependency, and world-system theories Modernization Theory Dependency Theory The Modern World-System Theory CHAPTER TWENTY:Canada, the Nation-Building Process, and Aboriginal Others Colonialism, Empire, Racism, and Nation-Building: the case of Canada Aboriginal Peoples, Colonialism, Internal Colonialism, and Schooling: total institutions and resocialization CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE: Immigration, Multiculturalism, and the Canadian Nation-State Nation-Building, Immigration, and Multiculturalism: the case of Canada Multiculturalism in Canada Four Different Meanings of Multiculturalism: a recap The Four Principles and Three Phases of Multiculturalism Problems Associated with Multiculturalism Immigration, State Policy, and Discrimination: a historicalsociological overview PART EIGHT: Conclusion and Review Questions Chapters Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions PART NINE: Globalization, Postindustrialism, and Postmodernity CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO: Modernity and Globalization Sociology as a Discourse to Understand Globalization Distinguishing between Globalism and Globalization Globalization from Above and Globalization from Below Globalization: economic, cultural, political, and social perspectives Supporters of Globalization Detractors of Globalization CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE: Ideology, Globalization, and the Neoliberal Framework The Ideology of Globalization: the neoliberal discourse Characteristics of Neoliberalism Are Neoliberal Policies Hegemonic? CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR: Postindustrial Societies and Changes from Industrialism From Industrialism to Postindustrialism Postindustrialism, Postindustrial Society, and Information Society CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE: Postmodernism: A critique of modernity A Critical Summary PART NINE: Conclusion and Review Questions Chapters Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Conclusion References & Bibliography