Drift-Driven Design of Buildings: Mete Sozen’s Works on Earthquake Engineering

Description

This book summarizes the most essential concepts that every engineer designing a new building or evaluating an existing structure should consider in order to control the damage caused by drift (deformation) induced by earthquakes. It presents the work on earthquake engineering done by Dr. Mete Sozen and dozens of his collaborators and students over decades of experimentation, analysis, and reconnaissance. Many of the concepts produced through this work are integral part of earthquake engineering today. Nevertheless, the connection between the concepts in use today and the original sources is not always explained. Drift-Driven Design of Buildings summarizes Sozen's research, provides common language and notation from subject to subject, provides examples and supporting data, and adds historical context as well as class notes that were the result of Sozen’s dedication to teaching. It distills reinforced concrete building design to resist earthquake demands to its essence in a way that no other available book does. The recommendations provided are not only essential but also of the utmost simplicity which is not the result of uninformed neglect of relevant parameters but rather the result of careful consideration and selection of parameters to retain only those that are most critical. Features: Provides the reader with a clear understanding of the essential features that control the seismic response of RC buildings Describes a simple (perhaps the simplest) seismic design method available Includes the underlying hard data to support and explain the methods described Presents decades of work by one of the most prolific and brilliant civil engineers in the United States in the second half of the 20th century Drift-Driven Design of Buildings serves as a useful guide for civil and structural engineering students for self-study or in-class learning, as well as instructors and practicing engineers. Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments Authors Introduction PART I: Earthquake Demand Chapter 1 General Description of Earthquake Demand 1.1 Four Examples of Recorded Ground Motion Chapter 2 A Way to Define and Use Earthquake Demand 2.1 The Central-Difference Method 2.2 Example 2.3 A Different Perspective Chapter 3 Response Spectra 3.1 Note from the Editors PART II: Selected Works Chapter 4 Introduction to Part II Chapter 5 The Response of RC to Displacement Reversals Chapter 6 The Substitute-Structure Method Chapter 7 The Origin of Drift-Driven Design 7.1 Description of Test Structures 7.2 Observed Behavior during Design-Earthquake Simulation 7.3 Calculated Drift-Ratio Distributions 7.4 Measured Relative Story Drift Distributions 7.4.1 Drift vs Ductility 7.4.2 Acceptable Drift 7.4.3 About Strength 7.5 Concluding Remarks 7.6 Summary 7.7 Structure Designation Chapter 8 Nonlinear vs Linear Response Chapter 9 The Effects of Previous Earthquakes Chapter 10 Why Should Drift Instead of Strength Drive Design for Earthquake Resistance? 10.1 A Simple Metaphor for Structural Response to Strong Ground Motion Chapter 11 A Historical Review of the Development of Drift-Driven Design Chapter 12 Drift Estimation (The Velocity of Displacement) 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Drift Requirements 12.3 Why Cracked Section? 12.4 Drift Determination 12.5 Concluding Remarks 12.6 Notes from Editors Chapter 13 Limiting Drift to Protect the Investment Chapter 14 Hassan Index to Evaluate Seismic Vulnerability Chapter 15 The Simplest Building Code 15.1 Requirements 15.2 Definitions 15.3 Notation Chapter 16 Earthquake Response of Buildings with Robust Walls PART III: Class Notes Chapter 17 Historical Note on Earthquakes 17.1 A View to The Past 17.2 Current Understanding of The Cause of Earthquakes 17.2.1 The Crust, The Mantle, and The Core 17.2.2 Seismic Waves 17.2.3 The Moho 17.2.4 The Mantle 17.2.5 The Core 17.2.6 Continental Drift 17.2.7 Elastic Rebound 17.2.8 Faults Chapter 18 Measures of Earthquake Intensity 18.1 Introduction 18.2 The Richter Magnitude, M[sub(L)] 18.3 Body-Wave Magnitude, m[sub(b)] 18.4 Surface-Wave Magnitude, M[sub(S)] 18.5 Seismic Moment Magnitude, M[sub(w)] 18.6 Intensity Chapter 19 Estimation of Period Using the Rayleigh Method 19.1 Approximate Solution for the Period of a Reinforced Concrete Frame 19.2 Approximate Solution for the Period of a Building with a Dominant Reinforced Concrete Wall Chapter 20 A Note on the Strength and Stiffness of Reinforced Concrete Walls with Low Aspect Ratios Chapter 21 Measured Building Periods 21.1 Measurements 21.2 Expressions for Building Period Estimate Chapter 22 Limit Analysis for Estimation of Base-Shear Strength 22.1 Resisting Moments 22.1.1 Section Properties 22.1.2 Flexural Strength Estimate – Girder 22.1.3 Flexural Strength Estimate – Column 22.2 Calculation of Limiting Base-Shear Forces 22.2.1 Mechanism I 22.2.2 Mechanism II 22.2.3 Mechanism III 22.2.4 Mechanism IV 22.3 Notes by Editors Chapter 23 Estimating Drift Demand 23.1 Drift Estimate 23.2 Drift Determination for a Seven-Story Frame 23.3 Alternatives for Drift Estimation [by Editors] Chapter 24 Detailing and Drift Capacity 24.1 Monotonically Increasing Displacement [Notes from a Course in Jakarta] 24.2 Displacement Cycles [Notes from a Course in Jakarta] 24.3 Drift Capacity of Elements Subjected to Displacement Reversals [Notes Updated by Editors] 24.4 The Utility Limit [Notes from a Course in Jakarta] Chapter 25 An Example 25.1 Initial Proportioning of a Seven-Story RC Building Structure with Robust Structural Walls 25.2 Wall and Column Dimensions 25.3 Beam and Slab Dimensions 25.4 Uniformity 25.5 Estimating Period 25.6 Drift-Ratio Demand 25.7 Longitudinal Reinforcement 25.7.1 Beams 25.7.2 Columns 25.7.3 Walls 25.8 The Transverse Reinforcement 25.8.1 Beams 25.8.2 Columns 25.8.2.1 Shear 25.8.2.2 Confinement 25.8.3 Walls 25.8.3.1 Shear 25.8.3.2 Confinement 25.9 Anchorage and Development 25.10 Beam-Column Joints 25.11 Strength Considerations 25.12 Summary Conclusion Appendix 1: Does Strength Control? Appendix 2: Report on Drift Appendix 3: Richter on Magnitude Appendix 4: Review of Structural Dynamics References Index