Electric Power Systems

Description

The field of electrical engineering has become increasingly diversified, resulting in a spectrum of emerging topics - from microelectromechanics to light-wave technology. Keeping pace with progressing technology, and covering the scope of related subjects, Electric Power Systems provides introductory, fundamental knowledge in several areas. Abstract: The field of electrical engineering has become increasingly diversified, resulting in a spectrum of emerging topics - from microelectromechanics to light-wave technology. Keeping pace with progressing technology, and covering the scope of related subjects, Electric Power Systems provides introductory, fundamental knowledge in several areas Content: Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page PREFACE THE AUTHORS Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 -- INTRODUCTION 1.1 Energy and Power 1.2 Growth Rates 1.3 Major Energy Sources 1.4 Limitations to Power Generation References Problems CHAPTER 2 -- AC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS 2.1 Representation of AC Quantities 2.2 Power in AC Circuits 2.3 Balanced Three-Phase Systems Problems CHAPTER 3 -- COMPONENTS OF ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS 3.1 History of Central-Station Electric Service 3.2 Electric Power Generators 3.3 Transformers 3.4 Transmission Lines 3.5 Circuit Breakers and Disconnect Switches 3.6 Voltage Regulators3.7 Subtransmission 3.8 Distribution Systems 3.9 Loads 3.10 Capacitors 3.11 Overall Representation of a Power System 3.12 Equivalent Circuits and Reactance Diagrams 3.13 Per Unit Representation Problems CHAPTER 4 -- POWER FLOW STUDIES 4.1 Power Flow in a Short Transmission Line 4.2 An Iterative Procedure 4.3 Bus Admittance Matrix 4.4 The Power Flow Equations 4.5 The Gauss and Gauss-Seidel Methods 4.6 The Newton-Raphson Method 4.7 Alternative Newton-Raphson Methods 4.8 Control of Reactive Power Flow 4.9 Computer Solution of Power Flow Problems Problems CHAPTER 5 -- FAULT CALCULATIONS AND POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION5.1 Types of Faults 5.2 Symmetrical Faults 5.3 Bus Impedance Matrix 5.4 Unsymmetrical Faults and Symmetrical Components 5.5 Relationship Between Sequence Voltages and Sequence Currents 5.6 Sequence Power 5.7 Sequence Impedances and Sequence Networks 5.8 General Procedures for Fault Analysis and Computer Techniques 5.9 Components of a Protection System 5.10 Instrument Transformers 5.11 Relays 5.12 Circuit Breakers 5.13 Protection of Lines, Transformers, and Generators 5.14 Bus Impedance Matrix Formation Problems CHAPTER 6 -- POWER SYSTEM STABILITY6.1 Inertia Constant and the Swing Equation 6.2 Evaluation of the H Constant 6.3 Power Flow Under Steady State 6.4 Equal-Area Criterion 6.5 Machine Faults and the Critical Clearing Angle 6.6 Step-by-Step Solution 6.7 Multi-Machine Systems 6.8 Computer Analysis 6.9 Summary Problems CHAPTER 7 -- POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL 7.1 Economic Distribution of Load Between Generators 7.2 Effect of Transmission-Line Loss 7.3 Load Distribution Between Plants 7.4 Power System Control Problems APPENDIX I -- CHARACTERISTICS OF ALUMINUM CONDUCTORS APPENDIX II -- POWER TRANSFORMERSII. 1 Construction II. 2 Operation II. 3 Voltage, Current, and Impedance Transformations II. 4 The Nonideal Transformer II. 5 Per Unit Impedances II. 6 Performance Characteristics II. 7 Autotransformers II. 8 Three-Phase Transformer Connection II. 9 Tap Changing Transformers APPENDIX III -- SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES III. 1 Operation of a Synchronous Generator III. 2 Construction Features III. 3 Steady-State Analysis of Synchronous Machines III. 4 Transients in Synchronous Machines APPENDIX IV -- POWER TRANSMISSION LINES IV. 1 Transmission-Line Parameters