Human Displacement from a Global South Perspective: Migration Dynamics in Latin America, Africa and the Middle East

Description

This book focuses on inclusion and governance agenda on the issue of migration within a framework of South-South cooperation. Increasing migration waves present an extraordinary and complex challenge to the international community. In the existing literature, migration processes have been described mostly from Western perspectives, and although these perspectives are analytically relevant, they lack the advantage of a broader interpretation. Taking a Global South approach, this volume gives voices to authors from several Latin American and Latin European universities to offer a more dynamic discussion of the challenges of migration in the twenty-first century. The authors take a broad perspective of global migration, with a focus on case studies from the Global South that highlight Latin American and North African experiences in particular. Introduction Prologue Contents Notes on Contributors List of Figures List of Tables 1 Trump and the Wall with Mexico, the “Securitization” of the United States Immigration Policy? Introduction The Study of the Concept of Securitization of International Migration The Historical and Geopolitical Context of Migration Between Mexico and the United States The Need to Create Regional Negotiation Mechanisms Conclusion References 2 Central American Caravans: A New Model of Migration? Introduction Explaining Migrant Caravans A Brief History of Central American Migration to the United States The Reasons and Evolution of Migration The Two Major Obstacles to Migration Securitization and Criminalization of Migratory Flows The Theory of Securitization What Do Caravans Mean for Mexico’s Border Security? How Do Caravans Modify the Realities of National Security? Migrants as a Target of Organized Crime The Case of Honduras El Cubanazo Honduras in Economic Ruins Was Massive Migration Caused by a Specific Event? Conclusions of an Unfinished Situation References 3 Perú: Country of Migrants—The Twenty-First Century Transmigrants Introduction Peru and Its Migratory History The Magnitude of the Peruvian International Migration Where Are the Peruvians? The Sociodemographic Profile of Peruvians Residing Abroad Peru: Country of Foreign Immigrants Magnitude of Foreign Immigration in Peru The Profile of the Twenty-First Century Transmigrant Conclusions References 4 Muslim Minorities in Europe Various Sources The Election of Countries for Emigration Cultural, Religious, and Political Diversity Return of the Repressed and the Imaginary The Europeanization of Islam Islam and Its New Trends Islam of the Excluded: “Palestinians of Europe”? Food for Thought References 5 Undocumented Migration Dynamics from West Africa to Europe Introduction A Majority of Intra-Regional Migration Flux Why Leaving? Vectors for an Undocumented Departure to Europe Insecurity, Lack of Freedom and Political Crises: Real but Minor Migration Factors? The Influence of “Returnees” from the Diaspora Economic Prospects as the Main Vector of Trans-Saharan and Mediterranean Migration A Heterogeneous Set of Secondary Factors Fast Growing Anarchic Urbanization and Demographic Explosions as Complementary Factors Informal Economy, Slavery, and Conflict Zones: “Migrant Roads” a Risky and Changing Path A Strong Web of Migrant Roads Throughout the Sub-saharan Region Migrant Roads and Human Trafficking as an Informal Economy Motor Changing Migrant Roads Through Changing Security Challenges Multilateral and National Measures to Try and Frame Undocumented Migration and to Answer Humanitarian Emergencies From Non-consensual Multilateral Objectives upon Migrant Management to Practically Empty Agreements Discording Voices Throughout Mediterranean Coasts and European Shores on Migration Policies “Voluntary Return” Programs in Ivory Coast: A Conclusive Case Study Conclusive Discussions References 6 Palestinian Refugees: Old Problems, New Challenges Introduction Refugees: Origin and Definition Palestinian Refugees and the International Political Game Old Problems, New Challenges Collateral Victims of the Syrian War The Great Return March in Gaza The Economic and Media Siege of UNRWA Conclusions References 7 Women: Facing the Challenge of Migration Theoretical Framework for Female Migration Discrimination and Symbolic Barriers of Law Local and Relational Contexts in Female Migration Each Woman, a Story Conclusion References 8 Does the Environment Affect Migration, or Does Migration Affect the Environment? Introduction Are Environmental Items Relevant in the Analysis of Migration at a Global Level? The Importance of Clarifying the Concept The Vulnerability of Latin America Conclusion References Index