Earthquakes and Multi-hazards Around the Pacific Rim, Vol. II

Description

This is the second of two volumes devoted to earthquakes and multi-hazards around the Pacific Rim. The circum-Pacific seismic belt is home to roughly 80% of the world’s largest earthquakes, making it the ideal location for investigating earthquakes and related hazards such as tsunamis and landslides. Following the Introduction, this volume includes 14 papers covering a range of topics related to multi-hazards. The book is divided into five sections: viscoelastic deformation, earthquake source models, earthquake prediction, seismic hazard assessment, and tsunami simulation. Viscoelastic relaxation can play an important role in subduction zone behavior, and this is explored in the first section, with specific examples including the Tohoku-oki earthquake in Eastern Japan. In addition to laboratory rock friction experiments, the second section examines earthquake source models for the 2016 MW 6.6 Aketao earthquake in Eastern Pamir and two earthquakes in Eastern Taiwan, along with strong ground motion studies of the 2008 MW 7.9 Wenchuan, China earthquake. The Load/Unload Response Ratio (LURR), Natural Time (NT), and “nowcasting” are earthquake prediction techniques that are analyzed in the third section, with nowcasting predictions performed for a number of large cities globally. Viscoelastic relaxation can play an important role in subduction zone behavior, assessment are the focus of the fourth section, with specific applications to the Himalayan-Tibetan region and the Xianshuihe Fault Zone in Southwest China. In the last section, a new approach in modeling tsunami height distributions is described. Rapid advances are being made in our understanding of multi-hazards, as well as the range of tools used to investigate them. This volume provides a representative cross-section of how state-of-the-art knowledge and tools are currently being applied to multi-hazards around the Pacific Rim. The material here should be of interest to scientists involved in all areas of multi-hazards, particularly seismic and tsunami hazards. In addition, it offers a valuable resource for students in the geosciences, covering a broad spectrum of topics related to hazard research. Front Matter ....Pages I-VI Earthquakes and Multi-Hazards Around the Pacific Rim, Vol. II: Introduction (Charles A. Williams, Zhigang Peng, Yongxian Zhang, Eiichi Fukuyama, Thomas Goebel, Mark R. Yoder)....Pages 1-4 Subduction Mode Selection During Slab and Mantle Transition Zone Interaction: Numerical Modeling (Yanan Shi, Dongping Wei, Zhong-Hai Li, Ming-Qi Liu, Mengxue Liu)....Pages 5-24 Characteristics of Viscoelastic Crustal Deformation Following a Megathrust Earthquake: Discrepancy Between the Apparent and Intrinsic Relaxation Time Constants (Yukitoshi Fukahata, Mitsuhiro Matsu’ura)....Pages 25-34 Interpretation of Offshore Crustal Movements Following the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake by the Combined Effect of Afterslip and Viscoelastic Stress Relaxation (Akemi Noda, Tsutomu Takahama, Takeshi Kawasato, Mitsuhiro Matsu’ura)....Pages 35-48 Rupture Characteristics of the 25 November 2016 Aketao Earthquake (Mw 6.6) in Eastern Pamir Revealed by GPS and Teleseismic Data (Jie Li, Gang Liu, Xuejun Qiao, Wei Xiong, Xiaoqiang wang, Daiqin Liu et al.)....Pages 49-61 Source Characteristics of the Northern Longitudinal Valley, Taiwan Derived from Broadband Strong-Motion Simulation (Yi-Ying Wen)....Pages 63-72 Fault Structural Control on Earthquake Strong Ground Motions: The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake as an Example (Yan Zhang, Dongli Zhang, Xiaojun Li, Bei Huang, Wenjun Zheng, Yuejun Wang)....Pages 73-85 Voids and Rock Friction at Subseismic Slip Velocity (Eiichi Fukuyama, Futoshi Yamashita, Kazuo Mizoguchi)....Pages 87-107 A Dimensional Analysis Method for Improved Load–Unload Response Ratio (Yue Liu, Xiang-Chu Yin)....Pages 109-121 Natural Time, Nowcasting and the Physics of Earthquakes: Estimation of Seismic Risk to Global Megacities (John B. Rundle, Molly Luginbuhl, Alexis Giguere, Donald L. Turcotte)....Pages 123-136 Natural Time and Nowcasting Earthquakes: Are Large Global Earthquakes Temporally Clustered? (Molly Luginbuhl, John B. Rundle, Donald L. Turcotte)....Pages 137-146 Optimal Scaling of Aftershock Zones using Ground Motion Forecasts (John Max Wilson, Mark R. Yoder, John B. Rundle)....Pages 147-159 Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for Himalayan–Tibetan Region from Historical and Instrumental Earthquake Catalogs (M. Moklesur Rahman, Ling Bai, Nangyal Ghani Khan, Guohui Li)....Pages 161-181 Scenario-Based Seismic Hazard Analysis for the Xianshuihe Fault Zone, Southwest China (Lifang Zhang, N. Seth Carpenter, Zhenming Wang, Yuejun lyu, Shanyou Li)....Pages 183-196 Tsunami Simulation Method Assimilating Ocean Bottom Pressure Data Near a Tsunami Source Region (Yuichiro Tanioka)....Pages 197-205