The British Empire : a historical encyclopedia

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Cover About the pagination of this eBook Title Page Copyright Contents Preface Introduction Chronology Volume 1 Government and Politics Anti-Imperialism Atlantic Charter (1941) Balfour Declaration (1917) Board of Trade Colonial Office Decolonization Dominion Office Espionage Evangelical Christianity Foreign Office Free Trade Gender Identities Gentlemanly Capitalism Glorious Revolution (1688–1689) Greater Britain Imperial Preference India Office Irish Home Rule Liberal Imperialism Mercantilism Monarchy Navigation Acts New Imperialism Parliamentary System Slavery Abolition Act (1833) Social Darwinism Statute of Westminster (1931) Treasury Trusteeship Unionism Utilitarianism Organization and Administration Cantonments Cartographers and Surveyors Commonwealth of Nations Crown Colonies Dominions Economic Development Education Federalism Humanitarian Intervention and Relief Indentured Labor Indian Civil Service Indirect Rule Informal Imperialism Judicial Systems Legal Codes Legislative Assemblies Mandate System Penal Colonies Policing Princely States Print Media Propaganda Public Health Railroads Responsible Government Settler Colonies Telegraph Groups and Organizations Anglo-Persian Oil Company Anti-Slavery Society Boy Scouts British Museum Chartered Companies Colonial Film Unit Conservative Party East India Company Emigration Societies Fabian Society Imperial Airways Indian National Congress Irish Republican Brotherhood Labour Party Liberal Party Maroons Missionary Societies Muslim Brotherhood Muslim League Pan-African Federation Round Table Movement Royal African Company Royal Asiatic Society Royal Commonwealth Society Sons of Liberty Trade Unions Victoria League Volunteer Forces Zionists Individuals Bell, Gertrude (1868–1926) Besant, Annie (1847–1933) Casement, Sir Roger (1864–1916) Chamberlain, Joseph (1836–1914) Churchill, Winston (1874–1965) Clive, Robert (1725–1774) Cook, James (1728–1779) Curzon, George Nathaniel, Lord Curzon (1859–1925) De Valera, Eamon (1882–1975) Disraeli, Benjamin (1804–1881) Equiano, Olaudah (1745–1797) Gandhi, Mohandas (1869–1948) Gladstone, William Ewart (1809–1898) Gordon, Charles George (1833–1885) Huxley, Elspeth (1907–1997) Jones, Sir William (1746–1794) Kipling, Rudyard (1865–1936) Lawrence, T. E. (1885–1935) Livingstone, David (1813–1873) Lugard, Frederick John Dealtry, Baron Lugard (1858–1945) Maine, Sir Henry Sumner (1822–1888) Morgan, Sir Henry (1635–1688) Nkrumah, Kwame (1909–1972) Raleigh, Sir Walter (ca. 1554–1618) Rhodes, Cecil (1853–1902) Roy, Ram Mohan (1772–1833) Schreiner, Olive (1855–1920) Stanley, Henry Morton (1841–1904) Temple, Henry John, Lord Palmerston (1784–1865) Wolseley, Garnet (1833–1913 Volume 2 Key Events Amritsar Massacre (1919) Beagle, Voyage of (1831–1836) Berlin Conference (1884–1885) Black Hole of Calcutta (1756) Boxer Rebellion (1898–1900) British Empire Exhibition (1924) British Empire Games (1930) Coronation Durbar of George V (1911) Darien Scheme (1698) Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria (1897) Empire Windrush, Arrival of (1948) Great Exhibition of 1851 Hastings, Warren, Trial of (1788–1795) Hong Kong Handover to China (1997) Irish Famine (1845–1851) Kandyan Rebellion (1848) Mahdist Uprising (1881–1898) Morant Bay Rebellion (1865) Paris Peace Conference (1919) Partition of India (1947) Partition of Palestine (1947) Plantation of Ulster (1607) Protestant Reformation (1517) Scott’s Antarctic Expeditions (1901–1904, 1910–1912) Sierra Leone Schemes (1787, 1792) South Sea Bubble (1720) Suez Canal, Completion of (1869) Suez Crisis (1956) Sykes-Picot Agreement (1916) Waitangi, Treaty of (1840) Military Aerial Bombing Afghan Wars (1839–1842, 1878–1880, 1919) American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) Anglo-Irish War (1919–1921) British Army Burmese Wars (1824–1826, 1852, 1885) Committee of Imperial Defence Counterinsurgency Strategies Expeditionary Forces Falklands/Malvinas War (1982) Gunboats Impressment Indian Army Malayan Emergency (1948–1960) Mau Mau Rebellion (1952–1960) Napoleonic Wars (1799–1815) New Zealand (Māori) Wars (1843–1848, 1860–1862, 1863–1872) Opium Wars (1839–1842, 1856–1860) Paramilitary Organizations (Northern Ireland) Royal Air Force Royal Marines Royal Navy Sea Lanes Sepoy Rebellion (1857–1858) Seven Years’ War (1756–1763) South African Wars World War I (1914–1918) World War II (1939–1945) Xhosa Wars (1779–1879) Zulu War (1879) Objects and Artifacts Assam Tea Leaves Benin Bronzes Breadfruit Cricket Enfield Rifle Eureka Diamond (South Africa) “Highways of Empire” Poster (Empire Marketing Board) Howdah (India) Indian Decorative Arts Music Hall Quinine Capsules The Slave Ship (J. M. W. Turner) Sugar Tipu’s Tiger Viceroy’s House, New Delhi, India Victoria Statue, Hong Kong, China Victoria Terminus, Mumbai, India Wedgwood Antislavery Medallion (“The Seal of the Slave") World War II Commonwealth Recruiting Posters Key Places Australia Canada China East Africa Egypt India Ireland Latin America London Malaya Mediterranean Middle East New Zealand Palestine Singapore South Pacific Southern Africa Thirteen Colonies (North America) West Africa West Indies Primary Documents 1. Excerpt from Richard Hakluyt’s Discourse on Western Planting (1584) 2. First Charter of Virginia (1606) 3. Sir Thomas Roe’s First Audience with the Great Mughal (1616) 4. Excerpts from Richard Ligon’s A True and Exact History of the Island of Barbadoes (1657) 5. Excerpt from Thomas Mun’s England’s Treasure by Forraign Trade (1664) 6. Excerpts from John Cary’s An Essay on the State of England in Relation to Its Trade, Its Poor, and Its Taxes, for Carrying on the Present War against France (1695) 7. Robert Clive’s Letter to William Pitt on the Diwani of Bengal (1759) 8. Joseph Banks in Tahiti (1769) 9. Robert Clive’s Speech to the House of Commons on India (1772) 10. Excerpt from John Wesley’s Thoughts upon Slavery (1774) 11. Excerpt from Edmund Burke’s Speech on Conciliation with the American Colonies (1775) 12. Excerpt on the Costs of Empire from Adam Smith’s An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) 13. Excerpt from Edmund Burke’s Speech on India (1783) 14. Excerpt from Robert Emmet’s Speech from the Dock (1803) 15. Sita Ram Pandey’s Description of His First Encounter with a Sahib (1812) 16. Excerpt from James Mill’s The History of British India (1817) 17. Excerpt from Thomas Babington Macaulay’s Minute on Education (1835) 18. Excerpts from the Treaty of Nanking (1842) 19. Mountstuart Elphinstone’s Description of the Practice of Sati in India (1843) 20. Editorial in The Times of London on the Irish Famine (1848) 21. Excerpts from T. L. Mitchell’s Journal of an Expedition in the Interior of Tropical Australia (1848) 22. W. H. Russell’s Eyewitness Account of the Charge of the Light Brigade (1854) 23. Letter on the Kanpur Massacre (1857) 24. Letter from Chief Moshoeshoe of the Sotho People to Sir George Grey (1858) 25. Dadabhai Naoroji on “The Benefits of British Rule” in India (1871) 26. Field Marshal Frederick Roberts on Queen Victoria’s Coronation as Empress of India (1877) 27. Excerpt from Frances Colenso’s History of the Zulu War, an Account of the British Defeat at Isandlwana (1879) 28. Excerpt from J. R. Seeley’s “The Expansion of England” (1883) 29. A. E. Hake on the Death of General George Gordon at Khartoum (1885) 30. Excerpt from Flora Annie Steel and Grace Gardiner’s The Complete Indian Housekeeper and Cook (1888) 31. Excerpt from William Booth’s In Darkest England and the Way Out (1890) 32. Emily Hobhouse’s Account of the Concentration Camp at Bloemfontein (1901) 33. J. A. Hobson on the Economic Parasites of Imperialism (1902) 34. Bal Gangadhar Tilak’s “Address to the Indian National Congress” (1907) 35. Lord Cromer on the Difficulties of Ruling Egypt (1908) 36. Mohandas K. Gandhi on the Condition of India (1909) 37. Hunter Committee Report on the Amritsar Massacre (1920) 38. Gertrude Bell’s Letter Describing Prince Faisal’s Precoronation Tour of Iraq (1921) 39. Excerpt from Sir Frederick Lugard’s The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa (1922) 40. Excerpts from the British Government Report on Indian Partition Violence (1947) 41. Excerpt from Prime Minister Harold Macmillan’s “Wind of Change” Speech (1960) 42. Excerpt from Kwame Nkrumah’s Speech on African Unity (1963) Appendix A: British Sovereigns, 1509–Present Appendix B: British Prime Ministers Bibliography Editor and Contributors Index