Intelligent and Connected Vehicle Security (River Publishers Series in Security and Digital Forensics)

Description

Intelligent and Connected Vehicles (ICVs) are moving into the mainstream of the worldwide automotive industry. A lot of advanced technologies, like artificial intelligence, big data, millimeter wave radar, LiDAR and high-definition camera based real-time environmental perception, etc., are increasingly being applied in ICVs, making them more intelligent and connected with devices surrounding the vehicles. However, although the versatile connection and information exchange among ICVs, external devices and human beings provides vehicles with a better and faster perception of surrounding environments and a better driving experience for users, they also create a series of intrusion portals for malicious attackers which threaten the safety of drivers and passengers. This book is concerned with the recognition and protection against such threats. Security for ICVs includes information across the fields of automobile engineering, artificial intelligence, computer, microelectronics, automatic control, communication technology, big data, edge/cloud computing and others. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces security threats to ICVs coming from automotive technology development, on-board sensors, vehicle networking, automobile communications, intelligent transportation, big data, cloud computing, etc. Then, through discussion of some typical automobile cyber-attack cases studies, readers will gain a deeper understanding of the working principle of ICVs, so that they can test vehicles more objectively and scientifically. In this way they will find the existence of vulnerabilities and security risks and take the corresponding protective measures to prevent malicious attacks. Technical topics discussed in the book include but are not limited to:  Electronic Control Unit and Vehicular Bus Security;   Intra-vehicle Communication Security;   V2X Communication Security;   VANET Security;   Unmanned Driving Security and Navigation Deception Front Cover Intelligent and Connected Vehicle Security Contents Preface List of Figures List of Tables List of Abbreviations 1 Vehicle Bus Security 1.1 Vehicle Bus 1.1.1 Overview of Vehicle Bus 1.1.2 Categories of Vehicle Bus 1.1.2.1 LIN Bus 1.1.2.2 CAN Bus 1.1.2.3 FlexRay Bus 1.1.2.4 MOST Bus 1.1.2.5 Automotive Ethernet Bus 1.1.3 Threat Analysis of Vehicle Bus 1.2 CAN Bus Vulnerability and Analysis 1.2.1 CAN Bus Architecture 1.2.2 On-Board CAN Bus Access 1.2.3 Reverse CAN Bus Communication 1.2.4 Analysis of CAN Message Data 1.2.5 Fuzz Testing of CAN Bus 1.3 Analysis of OBD-II Interface Attack Technology 1.3.1 Overview of OBD-II 1.3.2 Attack Technique Analysis of OBD Box 1.3.2.1 Attack Surface Analysis 1.3.2.2 Attack Process Analysis 1.3.2.3 Invade Car CAN Bus 1.4 Attack Experiment Against Vehicle Bus 1.4.1 Control of the Display of Vehicle Dashboard 1.4.2 Vehicle Status Tampering via Body Control Module 1.4.2.1 Control the Door Lock Switch 1.4.2.2 Car Lights and Wiper Attacks 1.4.3 CAN Bus Overload via Flood Attack 1.5 Experiment of Driving Behaviour Analysis 1.5.1 A Novel Scheme About Driving Behaviour Extraction 1.5.1.1 Extraction and Processing of Driving Data 1.5.1.2 Grade Regulation and Label Design 1.5.1.3 Establishment of MTL Network 1.5.2 Experimental and Numerical Results 1.5.2.1 Volunteer Recruitment and Experiment Route 1.5.2.2 Illegal Driver Detection Results 1.5.2.3 Legal Driver Identification Results 1.5.2.4 Driving Behaviour Evaluation Results 2 Intra-Vehicle Communication Security 2.1 Basic Introduction to Intra-Vehicle Communication 2.1.1 Overview of Intra-Vehicle Communication 2.1.2 Module Threat Analysis 2.1.2.1 Threat Analysis of Keyless Entry 2.1.2.2 Threat Analysis of TPMS 2.1.2.3 Threat Analysis of Wi-Fi 2.1.2.4 Threat Analysis of Bluetooth 2.1.2.5 Threat Analysis of FM 2.1.2.6 Threat Analysis of GPS 2.2 RKE/PKE Security 2.2.1 Overview of RKE 2.2.2 Overview of PKE 2.2.3 Attack Technique Analysis of RKE/PKE 2.2.3.1 Security Technology of RKE/PKE System 2.2.3.2 Summary of Common Attacks of RKE/PKE System 2.3 TPMS Security 2.3.1 Overview of TPMS 2.3.2 Attack Technique Analysis of TPMS 2.4 On-Board Wi-Fi Security 2.4.1 Overview of On-Board Wi-Fi 2.4.2 Attack Technique Analysis of On-Board Wi-Fi 2.4.2.1 WEP Protocol 2.4.2.2 WPA/WPA2 Protocol 2.4.2.3 WPA3 Protocol 2.5 On-Board Bluetooth Security 2.5.1 Overview of On-Board Bluetooth 2.5.2 Attack Technique Analysis of On-Board Bluetooth 2.5.2.1 Status of Bluetooth Security Mechanism 2.6 FM Security 2.6.1 Overview of Radio 2.6.2 Attack Technique Analysis of FM 2.6.2.1 Introduction of FM Radio 2.6.2.2 Attack Process of FM Radio 2.7 GPS Security 2.7.1 Overview of GPS 2.7.2 Attack Technique Analysis of GPS 2.8 Experiments 2.8.1 Attack Experiment Against RKE 2.8.1.1 Experimental Environment 2.8.1.2 Experimental Method 2.8.2 Attack Experiment Against TSP 2.8.2.1 TSP Attack Process 2.8.2.2 Experimental Results of TSP Attack 2.8.3 Attack Experiment Against TPMS 2.8.3.1 Structure of TPMS 2.8.3.2 Reverse Engineering TPMS Communication Protocols 2.8.4 Attack Experiment Against Vehicle Bluetooth via BlueBorne Vulnerability 2.8.4.1 What is BlueBorne? 2.8.4.2 Process of BlueBorne 2.8.5 Attack Experiment Against Road Navigation System 2.8.5.1 Goals of Road Navigation System 2.8.5.2 Detailed Attacking Process 2.8.5.3 Experiments and Results 3 Unmanned Driving Security and Navigation Deception 3.1 Basic Introduction to Unmanned Driving 3.1.1 What is an Unmanned Vehicle? 3.1.2 Core Functional Modules of Unmanned Driving 3.1.2.1 Perception 3.1.2.2 Planning 3.1.2.3 Control 3.2 Ultrasonic Radar Security 3.2.1 Overview of Ultrasonic Radar 3.2.2 Basic Principle of Ultrasonic Radar 3.2.3 Attack Technique Analysis of Ultrasonic Radar 3.2.3.1 Jamming Attack 3.2.3.2 Spoofing Attack 3.3 Millimeter Wave Radar Security 3.3.1 Overview of Millimeter Wave Radar 3.3.2 Basic Principle of Millimeter Wave Radar 3.3.2.1 Ranging Principle 3.3.2.2 Velocity Measuring Principle 3.3.2.3 Target Recognition 3.3.3 Attack Technique Analysis of Millimeter Wave Radar 3.3.3.1 Jamming Attack 3.3.3.2 Spoofing Attack 3.3.3.3 Relay Attack 3.4 Hi-Definition Camera Security 3.4.1 Overview of Hi-Definition Camera 3.4.2 Basic Principle of Hi-Definition Camera 3.4.3 Attack Technique Analysis of Hi-Definition Camera 3.4.3.1 Blinding Attack 3.5 LiDAR Security 3.5.1 Overview of LiDAR 3.5.2 Basic Principle of LiDAR 3.5.3 Attack Technique Analysis of LiDAR 3.5.3.1 Relay Attack 3.5.3.2 Spoofing Attack 3.6 Experiments 3.6.1 Attack Experiment Against Ultrasonic Radar 3.6.1.1 Jamming Attack 3.6.1.2 Spoofing Attack 3.6.2 Attack Experiment Against Millimeter Wave Radar 3.6.2.1 Jamming Attack 3.6.3 Attack Experiment Against Hi-Definition Camera 3.6.3.1 Blinding Attack 3.6.4 Attack Experiment Against LiDAR 3.6.4.1 Relay Attack 3.6.4.2 Spoofing Attack Bibliography Index About the Authors Back Cover