Doing Grammar

Description

Doing Grammar is a practical and lively guide to discovering how the English language works. Using strong visuals and an engaging style, Max Morenberg builds upon traditional frameworks with modern linguistic theories and provides accessible explanations for the composition of sentences. Now in its fifth edition, Doing Grammar includes up-to-date examples and features, while retaining its unique voice. Cover Doing Grammar: Fifth Edition Copyright Dedication Contents Preface Chapter 1 Relating Words, Phrases, and Slots What Grammar Does Grammar and Our View of Language Parts of Speech What Nouns Do Verbs, Modal Auxiliaries, and Tense Adjectives Specify Characteristics of Nouns Adverbs Orient Readers and Listeners Prepositions Precede Noun Phrases Try This Words and Grammar Grammatical Slots Identify Phrases Grammatical Analysis and Chicken Parts Heads, Attributes, and Hierarchies Basic Sentence Structure The Yes/No Question Test Knowledge and Practice Chapter Summary: Words, Hierarchies, and Constituents EXERCISES I. Identifying Sentence Constituents Thinking Critically about Grammar Chapter 2 Identifying Verbs and Core Sentences Verbs and Core Sentences Verbs: The Basic Sentence Components Intransitive Verbs (VI) Linking Verbs (VL) One-Place Transitive Verbs (VT) Two-Place Transitive Verbs (Vg) Try This The Verb BE (BE) Verbs and Slots and Sentence Nuclei Verbs Change Types Try This Reference Material Tree Diagrams Diagrams as Tools Multiple-Word Verbs So You Say Chapter Summary: The Six Verb Types EXERCISES I. Identifying Verb Types Thinking Critically about Grammar Chapter 3 Expanding Verb Phrases Tense, Modality, and Aspect Status of the Main Verb Tense Finiteness Mood and Purpose Conditional Mood Conditional Mood and Possibility Try This Future Time and Conditional Mood Again So You Say Aspect Perfect Aspect Past Participles Progressive Aspect Present Participles Conditional, Perfective, and Progressive Tense Form of Main Verb Principal Parts The Words in the Main Verb Designating the Status of a Main Verb How to Expand a Main Verb Regular and Irregular Verbs So You Say Chapter Summary: Components of the Main Verb EXERCISES I. Changing Main-Verb Forms II. Identifying Verb Status And Analyzing Sentences Thinking Critically about Grammar Chapter 4 Exploring Noun Phrases Noun Phrase Components Proper and Common Nouns Determiners Definite and Indefinite Articles Demonstratives Possessive Pronouns Numbers Prearticles Try This Postnoun Modifiers Genitives Genitive Rather than Possessive Personal, Reflexive, and Indefinite Pronouns So You Say Chapter Summary: Function Words Can Expand Noun Phrases EXERCISES I. Identifying Noun Constituents And Analyzing Sentences Thinking Critically about Grammar Chapter 5 Rearranging and Compounding Changing Core Sentences Making Negative Sentences Changing Statements into Yes/No Questions Wh-Question Sentences So You Say Passive Sentences Deleting By from a Passive Core Arrangement of Passive Constituents Past Participles and Adjectives So You Say Get as a Passive Auxiliary Rearranging a Passive Sentence Status and Passive Existential-There Sentences Expletives Imperative Sentences Deleting You and Will from Imperative Sentences Diagraming Imperative Sentences Imperative Sentences Lack Tense The Negative Form of Imperatives Compounding Structures Coordinate and Correlative Conjunctions Conjoining and Commas Parallel Structure Try This Attaching Conjunctions Conjunctive Adverbs Chapter Summary: Rearranging and Compounding Core Sentences EXERCISES I. Rearranging And Compounding Sentences II. Analyzing Sentences Thinking Critically about Grammar Chapter 6 Constructing Relative Clauses Dependent Clauses Why We Combine Clauses A Relative Clause Embeds into a Noun Phrase The Way It Was Is the Way It Is Relative Clauses and Sentences Restrictive Relative Clauses as Adjectives Making a Relative Clause Relative Pronouns Replace Noun Phrases Whose Replaces a Possessive Pronoun or a Genitive Noun Relative Pronouns in Prepositional Phrases So You Say The Functions of Fronted Relatives Finding the Constituents of the Relative Clause Deleting Object Noun Phrases from Relative Clauses Try This Embedding Relative Clauses into Subordinate Clauses Chapter Summary: Constituents in Independent or Dependent Clauses EXERCISES I. Combining Sentences II. Breaking Out Underlying Sentences III. Analyzing Sentences Thinking Critically about Grammar Chapter 7 Reducing Relative Clauses to Phrases Deriving Prepositional and Participial Phrases Reducing Clauses Participial Phrases are Verb Phrases Making Some Verbs into Present Participles Deriving Past Participial Phrases Embedded Prepositional Phrases Try This Constituency: Adjective or Adverbs How the Components of an Embedded Phrase Function Prepositional Phrases Headed by With We Won’t Derive One-Word Modifiers Embedded Phrases and Commas Making Long Sentences from Just a Few Kinds of Phrases and Clauses The Clauses That Underlie a Sentence’s Constituents Grammatical Ambiguity Chapter Summary: Phrases Derived from Relative Clauses EXERCISES I. Breaking Out Underlying Sentences II. Combining Sentences III. Analyzing Sentences Thinking Critically about Grammar Chapter 8 Making Noun Clauses, Gerunds, and Infinitives Noun Clauses, Gerunds, and Infinitives Fill Noun Phrase Slots That-Clauses Noun Clauses Fill Noun Phrase Slots Try This Extraposing That-Clauses Some Sentences with Expletives and Noun Clauses Don’t Seem to Be Derived Wh-Subordinators Act as Content Words within Noun Clauses Wh-Clauses Are Related to Question Sentences Reducing Clauses to Infinitive Phrases Infinitives without To Infinitive Phrases Introduced by For . . . To Some Infinitives Function as Adverbs So You Say Gerunds Are -ing Verb Forms Gerund Phrases May Contain a Subject in the Genitive Form Studying Grammar is Cumulative Try This Chapter Summary: Embedded Structures That Fill Noun Phrase Slots in Matrix Clauses EXERCISES I. Breaking Out Underlying Sentences II. Combining Sentences III. Analyzing Sentences Thinking Critically about Grammar Chapter 9 Adding Modifiers to Sentences Nonrestrictive Modifiers Nonrestrictive Modifiers are not Bound within Phrases Nonrestrictive Relative Clauses Sit Next to Noun Phrases Nonrestrictive Relative Clauses Make Added Comments Try This Nonrestrictive Participial Phrases Nonrestrictive Participial Phrases Function as Adverbs Appositives Sit Next to Nouns So You Say Absolute Phrases Adverb Clauses Share Some Characteristics of Nonrestrictive Modifiers Adverb Clauses and Subordinate Conjunctions Nonrestrictive Modifiers Change the Pace, Rhythm, and Movement in Sentences A Grammar Course Should Prepare You to Analyze Real Sentences Chapter Summary: Doing Grammar is About Understanding the System That Generates Sentences EXERCISES I. Breaking Out Underlying Sentences II. Combining Sentences III. Analyzing Sentences Thinking Critically about Grammar Chapter 10 What Can You Do Now That You Can Do Grammar? Reflecting on Writing and Reading Writing Styles Better Writers Match Sentence Structure with the Rhetorical Situation Most Punctuation Can Be Addressed with Three Principles Try This Teachers Should Point Out Interesting and Effective Student Sentences Chapter Summary: Good Writers, Good Readers, and Good Teachers Understand the Options Grammar Gives Us to Construct Sentences EXERCISES Thinking Critically about Grammar Answer Key Glossary Index