Lithofacies Paleogeography and Geological Survey of Shale Gas

Description

This is an open access book. This book presents new theory and methods on compiling lithofacies paleogeographic maps as a key tool for guiding geological survey on shale gas. The fundamental goal of the shale gas geological survey is to find the ‘dessert’ area. It is therefore suggested that the lithofacies paleogeographic study and the technique of mapping should be a solid scientific basis for shale gas exploration. It takes Ordovician Wufeng-Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin and its adjacent area as an example to illustrate how to find the ‘dessert’ area of shale gas in geological survey phase by compiling lithofacies paleogeographic map. It’s a valuable reference for both scientific research and teaching courses in the fields of sedimentary lithofacies, paleogeography, stratigraphy, and oil and gas. Preface About This Book Contents 1 Introduction Abstract 1.1 Current Research Status 1.1.1 Current Status of Foreign Research 1.1.2 Research History and Status of Shale Gas in China 1.2 Current Status of Lithofacies Paleogeography 1.2.1 Development History of Foreign Lithofacies Paleogeography 1.2.2 Research Status of Lithofacies Paleogeography in China 1.2.3 Application Status of Lithofacies Paleogeography in Shale Gas Industry References 2 Analysis of Factors Controlling Shale Gas Enrichment Abstract 2.1 What is Shale Gas 2.2 Geological Characteristics of Shale Gas 2.3 Influencing Factors of Shale Gas Enrichment 2.3.1 Organic Carbon Content 2.3.2 Types and Maturity of Organic Matter 2.3.3 Thickness of Gas-Bearing Shale 2.3.4 Mineral Composition 2.3.5 Reservoir Characteristics 2.3.6 Burial Depth and Formation Pressure 2.3.7 Storage Conditions 2.3.8 Comprehensive Analysis of Influencing Factors References 3 Shale Gas Geological Survey Abstract 3.1 The Task of Shale Gas Geological Survey 3.2 Methods of Shale Gas Geological Survey 3.2.1 Sedimentary Basin and Shale Gas 3.2.2 Sedimentary Facies (Environment) and Shale Gas 3.2.3 Lithofacies Paleogeography and Shale Gas 3.2.4 Specific Methods and Steps 3.3 Optimization of Prospective Area, Favorable Area and Target Area References 4 Examples—Taking the Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Southern Sichuan and Its Periphery as an Example Abstract 4.1 Regional Geological Profile 4.1.1 Location of the Study Area 4.1.2 Regional Geological Background 4.1.3 Stratigraphic Division and Comparison 4.1.3.1 Regional Stratigraphic Characteristics 4.1.3.2 Stratigraphic Characteristics of the Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Silurian Longmaxi Formation 4.1.4 Geological Background of Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Study Area 4.1.5 Research Ideas and Methods 4.2 Sedimentary Characteristics and Lithofacies Paleogeography 4.2.1 Characteristics of Petrology and Sedimentary Facies 4.2.2 Vertical Depositional Sequence of Typical Profiles 4.2.3 Relative Depositional Comparison 4.2.4 Lithofacies Paleogeography of Favorable Intervals for Shale Gas 4.3 Organic Geochemical Characteristics 4.3.1 Types of Organic Matter 4.3.2 Organic Matter Abundance of Black Rock Series 4.3.3 Maturity of Organic Matter in Black Rock Series 4.3.4 Exception Investigate of Tmax of Organic Matter 4.4 Characteristics of Rock Mineral Composition and Its Impact on Shale Gas 4.4.1 Types and Characteristics of Mineral Components 4.4.2 Influence of Mineral Composition on Shale Gas 4.5 Reservoir Space and Property 4.5.1 Reservoir Property 4.5.2 Types of Reservoir Spaces 4.5.3 Analysis of Factors Influencing Reservoir Space Development Characteristics 4.5.4 Rock Mechanical Characteristics of Rock 4.6 Diagenetic Study of the Silurian Longmaxi Formation 4.6.1 Types of Diagenesis and Diagenetic Minerals 4.6.2 Diagenetic Sequence 4.6.3 Impact of Diagenesis on Shale Gas 4.7 Influence of Sedimentary Phase on Shale Gas 4.7.1 Relationship Between Lithofacies and Geological Conditions of Shale Gas 4.7.2 Relationship Between the Sedimentary Environment and Geological Conditions of Shale Gas 4.7.3 Division of Favorable Sedimentary Areas to Shale Gas 4.8 Shale Gas Area Selected Evaluation 4.8.1 Shale Gas Area Selected Evaluation Parameters 4.8.2 Shale Gas Selection Evaluation of Silurian Longmaxi Formation Shale in Southern Sichuan and Its Periphery 4.8.3 Shale Gas Area Selection Evaluation of Ordovician Wufeng Formation in Southern Sichuan and Its Periphery References 5 Hirnantian Glaciation Abstract 5.1 The Continental Glacial Activity of Late Ordovician 5.2 Geochemical Evidence of Glacial Events in South China: Example of Well Huadi No. 1 in Eastern Sichuan Province 5.2.1 Stratigraphy and Sample Introduction in Well Huadi No. 1 5.2.2 The Lithology of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations in the Well Huadi No. 1 5.2.3 The Geochemical Characteristics of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations from the Well Huadi No. 1 5.2.4 The Paleoweathering of the Late Ordovician-Early Silurian Transition in Well Huadi No. 1 and the Implications for the Paleoclimate 5.2.5 Sedimentary Mode of the Black Shales from Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations in Sichuan Basin References Appendix_1