3D Electro-Rotation of Single Cells

Description

Dielectrophoresis microfluidic chips have been widely used in various biological applications due to their advantages of convenient operation, high throughput, and low cost. However, most of the DEP microfluidic chips are based on 2D planar electrodes which have some limitations, such as electric field attenuation, small effective working regions, and weak DEP forces. In order to overcome the limitations of 2D planar electrodes, two kinds of thick-electrode DEP chips were designed to realize manipulation and multi-parameter measurement of single cells. Based on the multi-electrode structure of thick-electrode DEP, a single-cell 3D electro-rotation chip of "Armillary Sphere" was designed. The chip uses four thick electrodes and a bottom planar electrode to form an electric field chamber, which can control 3D rotation of single cells under different electric signal configurations. Electrical property measurement and 3D image reconstruction of single cells are achieved based on single-cell 3D rotation. This work overcomes the limitations of 2D planar electrodes and effectively solves the problem of unstable spatial position of single-cell samples, and provides a new platform for single-cell analysis. Based on multi-electrode structure of thick-electrode DEP, a microfluidic chip with optoelectronic integration was presented. A dual-fiber optical stretcher embedded in thick electrodes can trap and stretch a single cell while the thick electrodes are used for single-cell rotation. Stretching and rotation manipulation gives the chip the ability to simultaneously measure mechanical and electrical properties of single cells, providing a versatile platform for single-cell analysis, further extending the application of thick-electrode DEP in biological manipulation and analysis. Acknowledgments Introduction 1.1 Overview of Microfluidics 1.1.1 Background and Brief Development History 1.1.2 Microfluidic Chip Material and Processing Method 1.2 Sample Manipulation Methods in Microfluidic Chips 1.2.1 Fluidic Methods 1.2.2 Optical Methods 1.2.3 Magnetic Methods 1.2.4 Acoustic Methods 1.2.5 DEP Methods 1.3 DEP Microfluidic Chips 1.3.1 Theory of DEP 1.3.2 DEP Parameter Analysis 1.3.3 Advances in DEP-Based Single-Cell Manipulation 1.3.4 Electrode Fabrication of DEP Chips 1.4 Research Purposes and Significances 1.5 Main Content of the Book Thick-Electrode DEP for Single-Cell 3D Rotation 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Progress in Cell Rotation Manipulation 2.3 Thick-Electrode Multi-Electrode Chip Design 2.3.1 Principle and Design of Thick-Electrode Multi-Electrode Construction 2.3.2 Design and Simulation of 3D Rotational Structure of “Armillary Sphere” 2.4 Chip Fabrication 2.5 Experimental Setup 2.5.1 Experimental Equipment 2.5.2 Signal Configuration 2.5.3 Experimental Methods 2.5.4 3D Rotation Speed Measurement Method 2.6 Single-Cell 3D Rotation Experiment 2.6.1 Cell Sample Preparation 2.6.2 Cell Capture Validation 2.6.3 3D Rotation Experiment 2.6.4 Relationship Between Speed and Electrical Signal Parameters 2.7 Cellular Electrical Property Analysis 2.7.1 Principles of Cellular Electrical Parameter Measurement 2.7.2 Key Factors in Electrical Property Analysis 2.7.3 Experimental Analysis 2.8 Cell 3D Morphology Reconstruction 2.8.1 Principle of Reconstruction 2.8.2 Analysis of Reconstruction Results 2.9 Summary Opto-electronic Integration of Thick-Electrode DEP Microfluidic Chip 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Progress in Single-Cell Mechanical Property Measurement 3.3 Electro-Rotation Chip Function Expansion 3.3.1 Electro-Rotation Chip Function Expansion Requirements 3.3.2 Principle of Optical Stretcher 3.3.3 Step-Stress Analysis of Cell Mechanical Properties 3.4 Chip Design and Fabrication 3.5 Experimental Setup 3.5.1 Experimental Instruments 3.5.2 Experimental Steps 3.6 Single-Cell Manipulation and Multi-Parameter Analysis Experiments 3.6.1 Experimental Demonstration of Filter Mirror 3.6.2 Cell Motions when the Fibers Are Misaligned 3.6.3 Single-Cell Dual-Fiber Capture Experiment 3.6.4 Single-Cell Optical Stretch Experiment 3.6.5 Single-Cell Mechanical Property Measurement 3.6.6 Single-Cell Electro-Rotation 3.7 Summary Summary and Outlook 4.1 Main Work 4.2 Major Innovations 4.3 Future Prospects References Authors’ Biographies