Explaining Judgements on Rule Violations: On Empathy, Moral Intuitions, and Emotions

Description

This volume highlights the complex relations between empathy, individualizing and groupish moral intuitions, (anticipated) moral emotions, and moral judgment. It is rooted in the notion that human moral systems were not immune to evolutionary processes and thus shaped by biological and cultural evolutionary forces (e.g. natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, sexual selection, cultural mutation, ecological selection pressures, etc.). This edition proposes a conceptual model of both distal and proximal variables to integrate insights from Moral Foundations Theory with theorizing on commitment strategies by linking empathy and moral intuitions to moral emotions (guilt, anger, disgust), and moral judgment in the context of distinct moral violations. The proposed model is tested using data from a convenience sample of young adults in Belgium, who responded to written hypothetical scenarios in a large-scale online survey. This volume is ideal for moral theory researchers in criminology, psychology, and related disciplines Contents List of Figures List of Tables Chapter 1: Introduction and Aim of the Study Introduction Aim of the Present Study References Chapter 2: An Evolutionary-Inspired Integrated Model: From Empathy to Moral Judgment Introduction Moral Judgments An Evolutionary-Inspired Perspective Four Distinct Moral Violations Theft by Taking Breaking a Fairness Rule (Breaking a Promise) Punishing a Free Rider Consensual Adult Sibling Incest Distal and Proximal Variables Distal Variables Empathy Empathy and Moral Dimensions Moral Intuitions Moral Foundations Theory Six Moral Foundations Proximal Variables Moral Emotions Classification of Moral Emotions Moral Guilt Moral Anger Disgust Integrated Model of Moral Antecedents to Moral Judgment The Relationships Between Empathy and Moral Intuitions The Relationships Between Moral Intuitions, Moral Emotion, and Moral Judgment References Chapter 3: Data and Methodology Participants Written Scenarios Imagine the Following Diagrams of the Scenarios Judgment of the “Theft by Taking” Scenario (Fig. 3.1) Judgment of the “Breaking a Promise” Scenario (Fig. 3.2) Judgment of the “Punishment of a Free Rider” Scenario (Fig. 3.3) Judgment of the “Consensual Adult Sibling Incest” Scenario (Fig. 3.4) Measures of the Key Concepts Distal Variables Empathic Concern and Empathic Perspective-Taking Moral Intuitions: Individualizing and Groupish Moral Intuitions Proximal Variables Moral Emotions (Anticipated Guilt-Anger-Disgust) Endogenous Variables Moral Judgment Analytic Strategy Measurement Part of the Model Confirmatory Factor Analysis Structural Part of the Model References Chapter 4: Results Structural Part of the Model Scenario 1: Theft by Taking (Fig. 4.2) Scenario 2: Breaking a Promise (Breaking a Fairness Rule) (Fig. 4.3) Scenario 3: Punishing a Free Rider (Fig. 4.4) Scenario 4: Consensual Adult Sibling Incest (Fig. 4.5) Summary of the Major Findings Chapter 5: Discussion and Future Research Introduction Strengths, Limitations, and Future Directions Conclusion References Appendices Index