Vertebrate Evolution: From Origins to Dinosaurs and Beyond
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The first vertebrate animals appear in the fossil record over 520 million years ago. These lineages diversified and eventually crept ashore leading to further evolutionary divergence and the appearance of the familiar charismatic vertebrates of today. From the tiniest fishes, diminutive salamanders, and miniaturized lizards to gargantuan dinosaurs, enormous brontotheres, and immense whales, vertebrates have captured the imagination of the lay public as well as the most erudite academics. They are the among the best studied organisms. This book employs beautifully rendered illustrations of these diverse lineages along with informative text to document a rich evolutionary history. The prolific and best-selling author reveals much of the latest findings regarding the phylogenetic history of vertebrates without overwhelming the reader with pedantry and excessive jargon. Simultaneously, comprehensive and authoritative while being approachable and lucid, this book should appeal to both the scholar, the student, and the fossil enthusiast. Key Features Provides an up-to-date account of evolution of vertebrates Includes numerous beautiful color reconstructions of prehistoric vertebrates Describes extinct vertebrates and their evolutionary history Discusses and illustrates the first vertebrates, as well as familiar lineages of fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals Reviews mass extinctions and other important events in the diversification of vertebrates Related Titles Schweitzer, M. H., et al. Dinosaurs: How We know What We Know (ISBN 9780367563813) Bard, J. Evolution: The Origins and Mechanisms of Diversity (ISBN 9780367357016) Böhmer, C., et al. Atlas of Terrestrial Mammal Limbs (ISBN 9781138705906) Diogo, R., et al. Muscles of Chordates: Development, Homologies, and Evolution (ISBN 9781138571167). Cover Half Title Title Copyright Dedication Contents Preface Acknowledgments Chapter 1: Introduction: Finding, Dating, and Classifying Fossils How Do You Find Fossils? Dating Fossils Naming Fossils How Do We Classify Animals? Further Reading Chapter 2: The Origin of Vertebrates What Is a Vertebrate? Our Kinfolk in the Sea Getting a Head: The Vertebrates Conodonts Further Reading Chapter 3: Jawless Fish Fish in Armor Heterostracans Thelodonts Anaspids Osteostracans Galeaspida Where Did They Come From? Where Did They Go? Further Reading Chapter 4: Primitive Gnathostomes Jaws Placoderms Arthrodires Antiarchs Chondrichthyans: Sharks, Rays, Skates, and Chimaeras Acanthodians Further Reading Chapter 5: Osteichthyes: The Bony Fish Fish Bones The Age of Teleosts Further Reading Chapter 6: The Transition to Land: The Tetrapods Lobe-Finned Fish Invasion of the Land: The Tetrapods Further Reading Chapter 7: Tetrapod Diversify Amphibians and Their Relatives Temnospondyls Lepospondyls Lissamphibians Further Reading Chapter 8: Primitive Reptiles Land Eggs and the First Amniotes Parareptiles Eureptilia Turtles Further Reading Chapter 9: Back to the Sea: Marine Reptiles Ichthyosaurs and Plesiosaurs Ichthyosaurs Plesiosaurs Placodonts Further Reading Chapter 10: The Scaly Ones: Lepidosauria—Lizards and Snakes Lepidosauria Rhynchocephalia Squamates Snakes Mosasaurs Further Reading Chapter 11: Ruling Reptiles: Archosaurs Archosauria Archosauromorphs Rhynchosauria Allokotosauria Proterosuchidae Mystery Reptiles: Choristoderes The Crocodile Branch: Pseudosuchia Phytosaurs Aetosaurs Ornithosuchidae Poposaurs Rauisuchians Further Reading Chapter 12: Crocodylomorphs Crocodylomorphs: The Crocodiles and Their Kin “Bunny Crocs” Notosuchia: The “Southern Crocodiles” Thalattosuchia and Dyrosauridae: Back to the Ocean Neosuchia Further Reading Chapter 13: Pterosaurs Ornithodira/Avemetatarsalia Flying Reptiles: The Pterosauria Pterosaur Anatomy Pterosaur Evolution Further Reading Chapter 14: The Origin of Dinosaurs What Is a Dinosaur? Further Reading Chapter 15: Ornithischians I: Origins and the Thyreophora The Ornithischians Early Ornithischians Thyreophorans: Stegosaurs and Ankylosaurs Roofed Lizards: The Stegosaurs Turtle-Shell Dinosaurs: The Ankylosaurs Further Reading Chapter 16: Ornithischians II: Hadrosaurs and Marginocephalians Neornithischia Ornithopoda: The “Bird-Footed” Dinosaurs The Hadrosaurs Pachycephalosaurs: The “Boneheads” Ceratopsia: The Horned Dinosaurs Further Reading Chapter 17: Sauropods: Long-Necked Giants The Largest Land Animals The Origin of Sauropods Jurassic Park of the Sauropods Diplodocoids Macronarians Titanosaurs Size Matters Sauropod Physiology Further Reading Chapter 18: Theropods: Carnivorous Dinosaurs Theropoda Early Theropods Tetanurae: Carnosauria Carnosauria: Spinosauridae Carnosauria: Megalosauridae Carnosauria: Metriacanthosauridae Carnosauria: Allosauridae and Carcharodontosauridae Tetanurae: Coelurosauria Coelurosauria: Tyrannosaurs Coelurosauria: Compsognathidae Coelurosauria: Ornithomimids Coelurosauria: Maniraptora: Therizinosaurs Coelurosauria: Maniraptora: Oviraptorosauria Coelurosauria: Eumaniraptora: Dromaeosaurs Further Reading Chapter 19: Birds: The Flying Dinosaurs Birds Are Dinosaurs Mesozoic Bird Evolution The Cenozoic Radiation of Aves Neognath Birds Neoaves Terror from the Skies Terror Birds Further Reading Chapter 20: Synapsids: The Origin of Mammals The Origin of Mammals To Be a Mammal Early Synapsids: “Pelycosaurs” Later Synapsids: “Therapsids” The Third Wave: “Cynodonts” Further Reading Chapter 21: Primitive Mammals: Mesozoic Mammals, Monotremes, and Marsupials Mesozoic Mammals Morganucodonts Docodonts Monotremes and Their Relatives Multituberculates Eutriconodonts Therian Ancestors The Marsupials or Metatheria Further Reading Chapter 22: The Placental Explosion: The Mammals Diversify Placentals Xenarthra: Sloths, Armadillos, and Anteaters Afrotheria Further Reading Chapter 23: Laurasiatheria I: Carnivores, Bats, Insectivores, and Their Kin The Laurasiatheres Insectivores Chiroptera (Bats) Pholidota (Pangolins) Carnivorous Mammals Creodonts Carnivorans Further Reading Chapter 24: Laurasiatheria II: The Ungulates Horns, Hooves, and Flippers Artiodactyls Perissodactyls Miscellaneous Mammals with Hooves Pantodonts Further Reading Chapter 25: Euarchontoglires: Rodents, Rabbits, Primates—And Humans The Euarchontoglires Glires Rodents Lagomorpha Euarchonta Tree Shrews Colugos Primates Strepsirhini Haplorhini Hominoidea (Apes and Humans) Human Evolution Further Reading Index
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