Development of Smart Context-Aware Services for Cargo Transportation: An Operational Management Approach

Description

With a focus on cargo transportation, this book addresses the development of approaches intended to secure an infrastructure of smart services to support the adaptive implementation of online multi-modal freight transport management processes. It discusses the development of multi-criteria decision-making components and their integration into the multi-layered computer-based information management of intelligent systems.  Through detailed descriptions of various components of intelligent transport management systems, the book demonstrates how to develop the services needed in the right place and at the right time, and how to properly adapt to user needs, making necessary interventions to ensure the safety of the transportation process. Further, it describes the main ways to increase the autonomy and efficiency of user-vehicle interaction and shows how Information and Communications Technology (ICT) structural support for current and past situations in AI-based systems can help to anticipate future developments in freight transportation. Preface Author Contributions Acknowledgements Contents Chapter 1: Introduction to Research Area 1.1 Importance of the Research 1.2 Topicality of the Research Problem 1.3 Integration of Context Recognition in Freight Transport Management References Chapter 2: Structure of Context Recognition in Computer-Based Systems for Transportation Management 2.1 Related Works in the Research Area of Context Analysis for Transportation 2.2 Understanding the Context of Information According to Scenario-Based Approaches 2.3 Methods for Linking of Contextual Data with Components of Information Management System 2.4 Examples of Context Data Processing Methods 2.5 Needs for Aggregation of Contextual Data and Possible Solutions 2.6 Centralized Aggregation of Context Data 2.7 Distributed Context Data Aggregation 2.8 Cluster-Based Aggregation of Context Data 2.9 Conclusions References Chapter 3: Wireless Communication Network Infrastructure Analysis for Smart Service System Functioning 3.1 Issues of Infrastructure Development for Delivery of Smart Services for Transportation 3.2 Possibilities of Integration of Different Services in the Changing Topology of Transportation and Communication Networks 3.3 Requirements of Smart Service Delivery System 3.4 Methods for Collection of Contextual Data in Automotive Communication Systems 3.4.1 Sensor-Based Data Collection 3.4.2 Data Collection Based on Routing Protocols 3.5 Communication Infrastructure of Vehicles and Road Site Units 3.6 Areas of Automotive Communication 3.6.1 Wireless Access in Car Communication Networks 3.6.2 Sort Review of Infrastructure of V2V Communication 3.6.3 Possibilities of Mobile Connections 3.6.4 Key Features of Automotive Communication Networks 3.7 Control of Channel Resources for the Best Bandwidth 3.8 Conclusions References Chapter 4: Structure of Smart Service Provision System for Operative Management of Transportation 4.1 Componential View of Smart-SDS Architecture 4.2 Classification of Heterogeneous Services Provided for Transportation 4.3 Description of Algorithms for Assessment of Importance of Transmission of Messages and Context Data 4.4 Illustration of Experimental Results 4.5 Conclusions References Chapter 5: Towards the Transport and Corresponding Sectors 5.1 Importance of Transport Sector 5.2 Modelling the Transport Sector 5.3 Gordon Growth Model and Technology Adoption 5.4 Development of Transport Sector Towards Synchro-Modality and ICT 5.5 The Digitalization of Documents in the Transport Sector 5.6 Analysis of TIR and CMR Statistics for the Evaluation of E-Freight Documents in European Countries 5.7 The Role of ICT in Transport for Achieving Efficiency and Sustainability 5.8 Conclusions References Chapter 6: Variables Important for Freight Delivery and Context Data Usage 6.1 Freight Delivery Data: Time Variable 6.2 Freight Delivery Data: Location Variable 6.3 Freight Delivery: Types of Distances 6.4 Freight Delivery: Mode Selection 6.5 Freight Delivery Data: Economic Delivery Volume 6.6 Freight Delivery Data: Service Variable 6.7 Scope of Context Data Usage 6.8 Conclusions References Chapter 7: Automated Freight Brokerage Based on Multi-Agent Semantic Web Service Composition 7.1 Web Services 7.2 Semantic Web Services 7.3 Web Service Composition 7.4 Development of Multi-Agent Systems 7.4.1 Communication Between Agents 7.4.2 Coordination of Services between Artificial Agents 7.4.3 Implementation of Types of Ontology 7.5 Service Composition in Freight Transport Management 7.6 Development of Ontology for System of Freight Transport Management 7.7 Proposed Solution of Service Provision System Architecture 7.8 Conclusions References Chapter 8: Transport Network Design Methods and Context-Aware Service Specifics 8.1 Transport Network Design Studies 8.2 Classification of Transport Networks 8.3 Service-Oriented Transportation: Revision of Research Methods 8.4 Methods Proposed for Shared Transportation Service Design 8.5 Technologies and Data Management to Support Shared Transportation 8.6 Conclusions References Chapter 9: Context-Aware Service Support Efficiency Improvement in the Transport System 9.1 Context-Aware Service in the Transport System 9.1.1 Onboard Applications 9.1.2 Clouding 9.1.3 Supporting ITS 9.1.4 Driver Application 9.2 Investigating Modelled Contextual Data 9.3 Characteristics of the Transport System 9.4 Routing Algorithm 9.5 Clustering Applicable in Routing 9.6 Development of Routes Using Intelligent Data Management Components 9.6.1 The Construction of the Schedule 9.6.2 Assignment of Vehicle 9.6.3 Actual Routing 9.6.4 Getting Started 9.6.5 Steps for Route Construction 9.7 Costs Metrics Used to Calculate Transportation Service Costs 9.8 Distance Metrics Used for Calculating Transportation Costs 9.8.1 Summary of Distance in Backhauling Case 9.9 Timetable Metrics for Scheduling Services 9.9.1 The Model for Optimisation 9.10 Conclusions References Chapter 10: Cargo Delivery Management Process: Risks, Solutions, and Optimization 10.1 Cargo Delivery Process and Risk Management in the Application of Automatic Risk Assessment Tools 10.1.1 Methods Applicable to Risk Analysis in a Service-Oriented Transport System 10.2 Application of Multi-attribute Methods of Decision Support in the Process of Cargo Delivery Management 10.2.1 Description of Attributes in Decision Models for the Selection of Alternatives in Freight Transport 10.3 Application of Metaheuristic Methods Designed for Optimizing the Performance of Process of Cargo Delivery Management 10.4 Conclusions References Chapter 11: Methods of Data Collection, Aggregation, and Dissemination and Their Application 11.1 Collecting Data from Data Sources 11.1.1 Information Flows in Traffic Jams 11.1.2 Data Set Reported in Cases of Traffic Accident 11.1.3 Data Set for Monitoring Vehicle and Freights 11.1.4 Tracking of Road Vehicles 11.1.5 Cargo Tracking 11.2 Methods Used to Analyse Datasets 11.2.1 Validate Data Using the Outlier Discovery Method 11.2.2 Analysing Big Data Data Sets 11.2.3 Revision of Operational Data of Cargo Delivery 11.2.4 The Resolution of Conflicts During the Planning 11.3 Validate Trust and Privacy Data in a Context-Sensitive Service Application 11.4 Conclusions References Chapter 12: The Concept Towards Transportation Infrastructure and Its Capacity 12.1 Transportation Infrastructure 12.2 Demand Exceeding the Capacity of Transport Infrastructure 12.3 Policy Impact on the Life Cycle of the Infrastructure for Transport 12.4 Data-Driven Modelling of Transport Infrastructure 12.5 Conclusions References Chapter 13: Information Systems in Freight Transportation 13.1 Areas of Activities for Transport Sector by Implementing ITS 13.2 Decision-Making and Importance of Databases 13.3 Integration of Order Management and Enterprise Logistics Management Information System 13.4 The Main Needs of Information in Logistics 13.5 Classification of Information Systems for Logistical Management 13.6 Digitization of Freight Carriage and Its Relevance to Transportation Processes 13.7 Conclusions References Chapter 14: Information Technology Used in the Road Transport Sector 14.1 IT for Road Transport 14.2 Freight and Transport Platforms 14.2.1 Principle of Operation of the Freight and Transport Platform 14.2.2 European Freight and Transport Platforms 14.2.3 Asian and North American Freight and Transport Platforms 14.3 Conclusions References Chapter 15: Information Technology Used in the Railway Transport Sector 15.1 IT for Rail Transport 15.2 System of Traffic Management of European Rail (ERTMS) 15.3 Telematics Freight Carriage Applications 15.4 Train Protection System 15.5 Conclusions References Chapter 16: Information Technology Used in the Water Transport Sector 16.1 Inland Water Transport 16.1.1 River Information Services 16.1.2 Transport Logistic Service of River Information Services 16.1.3 Transport Logistic Service of River Information Services Users and Stakeholders 16.2 Maritime Transport 16.2.1 SafeSeaNet system 16.2.2 Port Information Systems in Transport 16.3 Overview of Ship Routes and Scheduling 16.3.1 Scheduling and Routing of Commercial Ships 16.3.2 Ship Scheduling and Routing in Freight Delivery 16.4 Conclusions References Chapter 17: Information Systems in Transport and Forwarding Activities 17.1 Good Foreign Practice of IT Application in the Process of Transportation 17.2 Information Technology Used in Forwarding 17.3 IT System Compatibility in the Transport/Logistics Area 17.4 Needs for Information Systems in the Transport Chain 17.5 Conclusions References Chapter 18: Information Technology Used in Intermodal and Multimodal Transport 18.1 IT Services That Promote e-Freight 18.2 Interoperability of Different Modes of Transport and the Related Problems 18.3 Information Technology Systems in Multimodal Transport 18.4 Systems of Decision Support and Big Data for Intermodal Transport Management 18.5 Conclusions References Chapter 19: Development of Intelligent Service System for Multimodal Transport Management 19.1 Introduction to Multimodal Transport Specifics 19.2 Multilayered Architecture of Smart-SDS with Integration of MC-DSS Components for Multimodal Transportation 19.3 Representation of Subsystems with Knowledge Base Structures 19.3.1 Structure of Decision Support Processes for Multimodal Transportation 19.3.2 Agent-Based Architecture of Subsystem for Planning of Transport Corridors 19.3.3 Representation of Semantical Models in KB 19.3.4 Formal Specification of Decision Support Processes 19.4 Representation of Functional Requirements of Multimodal Transportation in Simulation Models 19.5 Possibilities of Assessment of Risks in Multimodal Transportation 19.6 Conclusions References Glossary