Routledge Handbook of Gender in South Asia

Description

This new edition of the Routledge Handbook of Gender in South Asia provides a comprehensive overview of the study of gender in South Asia. The Handbook covers the central contributions that have defi ned this area and captures innovative and emerging paradigms that are shaping the future of the field. It offers a wide range of disciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives spanning both the humanities and social sciences, focusing on India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. This revised edition has been thoroughly updated and includes new chapters, thus adding new areas of scholarship. The Handbook is organized thematically into five major Parts: • Historical formations and theoretical framings • Law, citizenship and the nation • Representations of culture, place, identity • Labor and the economy • Inequality, activism and the state The Handbook illustrates the ways in which scholarship on gender has contributed to a rethink of theoretical concepts and empirical understandings of contemporary South Asia. Finally, it focuses on new areas of inquiry that have been opened up through a focus on gender and the intersections between gender and categories, such as caste, ethnicity, sexuality, and religion. This timely study is essential reading for scholars who research and teach on South Asia as well as for scholars in related interdisciplinary fields that focus on women and gender from comparative and transnational perspectives. Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Figures Contributors Preface Part I Historical Formations and Theoretical Framings 1 Gendered Nationalism: From Women to Gender and Back Again? Notes Bibliography 2 Construction of Gender in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century in Muslim Bengal: The Writings of Nawab ... Language and Modernity Rupjalal: the First Novel By a Muslim Woman Class, Religion and Politics Rokeya’s Vision of the Modern Woman Conclusion Notes Bibliography 3 Gender, Women and Partition: Literary Representations, Refugee Women and Partition Studies Partition Studies Women and Violence: From Family to the State Women and Violence: the “Everyday World” of Women and History Partition of Bengal and the East Bengali Refugee Woman Coda: Future Directions of Partition Studies Notes Bibliography 4 The Contact Zones of Intersectionality: Inequality and Feminist Knowledge Production On India Intersectionality, “Western Feminism,” and Knowledge Production Intersectionality and the Case for Productive Travel: Reflections On Working-Class Politics in India Grappling With the US-Centric Limits of Intersectionality The Terms of Contact Rethinking the Contact Zones of Intersectionality. Conclusion Notes Bibliography 5 Dalit Feminist Thought Caste Prejudice and the Making of Social Difference Articulating Dalit Womanism-Humanism, 1855–1920 Ambedkar and Dalit Womanism-Humanism, 1920–1960 Ambedkar and Manuski Generative Gender and New Dalit Womanhood Dalit Womanism-Humanism: 1960s Onwards Sexual Caste Economy Tamasha Women Regimes of Affection: Privacy, Protection, and Patriarchy Dalit Studies: Who Speaks for Dalits? The Dalit Womanist-Humanist Complex Contingent “Woman” Beyond Binaries: Victims and Heroines Conclusion Acknowledgments Notes References 6 Brahmanical Ignorance and Dominant Indian Feminism’s Origin Stories Introduction Brahmanical Ignorance “At the Highest Levels of the Land” Critiques of Brahmanical Patriarchy Origin Stories and Brahmanical Feminism’s Central Antagonism: British Colonialism, Not Caste The Caste-Split: Plural, Not Relational Brahmanical Vision On Dalit Feminism: Margin, Not Center Conclusion Acknowledgments Notes References Part II Law, Citizenship and the Nation 7 Gender and Citizenship in India Making Citizenship Familiar: Anti-Colonial Nationalism and Citizenship in India Citizenship Encumbered: Gender, Citizenship and the Nation-State Constitutional and Legal Ensemble: Anti-Discrimination and Differentiated Universals of Citizenship Conclusion Notes Bibliography 8 Gender, Activism, and Democratic Politics in Bangladesh Women as Voters Running for Elected Office: the Two at the Top Women in Parliament Women in Local Government Representing Women? Pressure From Below Conclusion Bibliography 9 Law, Sex Work and Activism in India Introduction Abolitionism and the Politics of Pandemic Control Postcolonial Legal Developments Around Sex Work Indian Feminists Theorize Sex Work The Mobilization of Indian Sex Workers Conclusion Notes Bibliography 10 The Supreme Court of India and Maintenance for Muslim Women: Transformatory Jurisprudence Introduction The Legal Framework Constitutional Provisions Muslim Personal Law Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code Jurisprudence Shah Bano v. Union of India Danial Latifi v. Union of India Shamim Ara v. State of UP and Iqbal Bano v. State of UP Shabana Bano v. Imran Khan Shayara Bano v. Union of India Transformatory Potential Conclusion Notes Bibliography 11 Female Militancy: Reflections From Sri Lanka Armed Women Mobilization and Recruitment Into the Tamil Militancy Popular Militancy The LTTE Years: the Institutionalization of Recruitment Gendering Civilian-Military Boundaries Conclusion Note Bibliography 12 Weaponizing Women: Kashmir and the Indian Military Occupation Historical and Political Context Kashmiri Women and Political Activism Weaponizing Muslim Kashmiri Women Sexual Violence and Kashmiri Women Notes References Part III Representations of Culture, Place, Identity 13 The Political Economy of Moral Regulation in Pakistan: Religion, Gender and Class in a Postcolonial Context The Complexities of Patriarchy in an “Islamic Republic” Conclusion Notes Bibliography 14 Gender, Media and Popular Culture in a Global India The Context The Argument Media, Gender and Market Research Over-communicative Abundance, Contesting Ideas and the Making of a New Selfhood Epilogue Notes Bibliography 15 Death and Friendship: Queer Archives of the Space Between Death Family and Friendship Notes Bibliography 16 Women’s Place-Making in Santosh Nagar: Gendered Constellations Orientations A Santosh Nagar Women’s Ritual: ‘That Throwntogetherness’ Santosh Nagar Sociability and Aspirations: Meetings and Weavings Women in Motion (Getting From Place to Place) Notes Bibliography 17 Vernacular Frames, Queer Encounters Sexual Imaginations and Vernacular Idioms Moving Together Sexuality as a Field Spaces of Desire Permeable Interactions Cinema and Queer Politics Notes References Part IV Labor and the Economy 18 Garments and a Global Pandemic: Revisiting Global Governance Initiatives and Garment Sector Workers – Tracing … “Garments Without Guilt”? Made in Sri Lanka From Feminist Activism to Global Governance? The Apparel Industry in Sri Lanka Feminism and Global Governance Debates Sri Lankan Apparel Workers: Outliers in South Asia? Conclusion Acknowledgements Notes References 19 An Intersection of Marxism and Feminism Among India’s Informal Workers: A Second Marriage? The Gender and Labor Scholarship in India The Making of a Second Marriage: Women in Informal Workers’ Movements Capital and Labor in Bidi Patriarchy in Bidi Agency in Bidi Conclusion Notes Bibliography 20 A Feminist Commodity Chain Analysis of Rural Transformation in Contemporary India Rural Transformation in Contemporary India: the Puzzle of Opposing Narratives Feminist Commodity Chain Analysis 1 Production Generates More Than Material Commodities. Capitalist Production Depends On and Constitutes Identities 2 Production and Consumption Are a “Unity of Opposites” 3 Households Are Institutions Where Commodities, Including Labor, Are Produced and Consumed While Ensuring the Social Reproduction of Laborers Conclusion Notes Bibliography 21 NGOs, State and Neoliberal Development in South Asia: The Paradigmatic Case of Bangladesh in a Global Perspective The NGO in a Global Context The Rise of NGOs in South Asia NGOs and the Creation of Markets NGOs and Women’s Empowerment Paradigm NGOs and the Transformation of the Postcolonial State Conclusion Notes Bibliography 22 Gender and Paid Domestic Work in Sri Lanka The Case of Sri Lanka Domestic Work and Women’s Work Women’s Work in Sri Lanka Who Is a Domestic Worker in Sri Lanka? Like Mother, Like Daughter, Like Domestic Worker Wage Maternalism Why Domestic Work? Conclusion Notes Bibliography Part V Inequality, Activism and the State 23 The Aurat March: Women’s Movements and New Feminisms in Pakistan Introduction Situating the Aurat March in Context: Feminist Movement Building in Pakistan The Aurat March and New Feminisms: Shifting and Expanding the Discourse Feminist Pedagogy and Transgenerational Dialogue Conclusion References 24 Feminism, Sexual Violence, and the Times of #MeToo in India What Is New About Sexual Violence in India Today? Sexual Harassment in Higher Education Gender Parity in Higher Education The Crisis in Employment The Lens of #MeToo in India Notes References 25 Dalit Women Between Social and Analytical Alterity: Rethinking the ‘Quintessentially Marginal’ Introduction A Recent Archaeology Already Known Subjects Ethnography and the Counter-Intuitive Conclusion Notes Bibliography 26 Feminism, Sexuality and the Rhetoric of Westernization in Pakistan: Precarious Citizenship Debating Women, Debating “Woman”: the Dissolution of the Hudood Ordinances Precarious Citizens, Disciplining Narratives: Feminist Strategy and Accusatory Power Epilogue Notes Bibliography 27 Mapping Women’s Activism in India: Resistances, Reforms and (re-)creation ‘Resisting Divisiveness, Affirming Diversities’: Struggles Continue Engaging With the Law, and Battling the Law Activism and Ephemeral Culture: Women Protest, Perform Protest Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index