Towards Global Interpretation of LHC Data: SM and EFT Couplings from Jet and Top-Quark Measurements at CMS (Springer Theses)

Description

This book presents the first global interpretation of measurements of jet and top quark production at the Large Hadron Collider, including a simultaneous extraction of the standard model parameters together with constraints on new physics, unbiased from the assumptions on the standard model parameters. As a long-standing problem, any hadron collider search for new physics depends on parton distribution functions, which cannot be predicted but are extracted experimentally. However, performing the extraction in the same kinematic region where physics beyond the standard model is expected to manifest causes the risk of absorbing the new physics effects into the parton distributions. In this book, the issue is addressed by extending the standard model by effective contributions from quark contact interactions describing new physics and extracting the parton distributions and standard model parameters simultaneously with setting limits on the contact interactions. In the process, the most precise single measurement of the strong coupling constant at the LHC is performed, to date. Furthermore, the book details the first investigation of the mass renormalization scale dependence of the top quark mass, highlighting the importance of a proper scale choice for obtaining robust predictions and improving the precision of experimental analyses. The initial chapters provide the reader with a succinct yet accessible introduction to the relevant theoretical and experimental topics. The presented investigations are at the edge of precision in the phenomenology of high-energy physics and serve to pave the road toward a global interpretation of LHC data.   Supervisor’s Foreword Abstract Publications Related to this Thesis Acknowledgements Contents 1 Introduction References 2 The Role of Jets and the Top Quark in the Standard Model 2.1 Overview of the Standard Model 2.2 The Stability of the Electroweak Vacuum 2.3 Quantum Chromodynamics 2.4 Perturbation Theory and Renormalization 2.4.1 Regularization and the Renormalization Scale 2.4.2 Renormalization Group Equations 2.5 The Strong Coupling Constant 2.6 The Renormalization of Quark Masses 2.6.1 The Pole Mass Scheme 2.6.2 The overlineMS Mass Scheme 2.6.3 The MSR Mass Scheme 2.7 Phenomenology of Jet and Top Quark Physics 2.8 The Structure of the Proton in the LHC Era 2.8.1 Constraining the PDFs with Experimental Data References 3 Effective Field Theory 3.1 The Standard Model Effective Field Theory 3.2 Models of Quark Substructure and 4-Quark Contact Interactions 3.3 Soft-Collinear Effective Theory 3.3.1 Joint Threshold and Jet-Radius Resummation for Inclusive Jet Production Cross Section References 4 LHC Measurements 4.1 The Large Hadron Collider 4.2 The Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment 4.2.1 The CMS Tracker 4.2.2 The Electromagnetic Calorimeter 4.2.3 The Hadronic Calorimeter 4.2.4 The Magnet and the Muon System 4.2.5 Trigger System 4.2.6 The Identification of Particles 4.2.7 Jet Reconstruction 4.3 The CMS Measurement of Double-Differential Inclusive … 4.4 The CMS Measurements of Differential toverlinet Production Cross Sections at 13TeV References 5 Extraction of mtMSR Using CMS Data 5.1 Inclusive Hadronic Top Quark Pair Production Cross Section at NLO and NNLO 5.2 Differential Hadronic Top Quark Pair Production Cross Section at NLO 5.2.1 Validation of the MCFM Implementation 5.2.2 R Behavior in the Differential Case 5.3 Extraction of the Top Quark MSRn Mass at the LHC References 6 The xFitter QCD Analysis Framework 6.1 Overview and Minimization Methods 6.2 The Profiling Procedure 6.3 Treatment of Experimental Uncertainties 6.4 Treatment of Heavy Quarks 6.5 PDF Parametrizations 6.6 Theoretical Predictions in xFitter 6.6.1 Fast Interpolation Grid Techniques 6.6.2 SMEFT Functionality in xFitter 6.6.3 Inclusive Cross Sections for Top Quark Production in xFitter References 7 Interpretation of CMS Measurements in Terms of SM Parameters and Search for New Physics 7.1 Experimental Data 7.2 The General Strategy 7.2.1 Contributions to the Uncertainties 7.3 Theoretical Predictions in the QCD Analysis 7.4 The Simultaneous High-Precision Extraction of PDFs and αS at NNLO 7.5 Global SMEFT Interpretation of the LHC Data at NLO 7.6 Profiling CT14 PDF: Impact of the CMS Data References 8 Summary and Conclusions References Appendix NNLO QCD Analysis with the k-Factor Approach References