Python Microservices Development: Build efficient and lightweight microservices using the Python tooling ecosystem, 2nd Edition

Description

Use Python microservices to craft applications that are built as small standard units using proven best practices and avoiding common errors Key FeaturesBecome well versed with the fundamentals of building, designing, testing, and deploying Python microservicesIdentify where a monolithic application can be split, how to secure it, and how to scale it once ready for deploymentUse the latest framework based on asynchronous programming to write effective microservices with PythonBook Description The small scope and self-contained nature of microservices make them faster, cleaner, and more scalable than code-heavy monolithic applications. However, building microservices architecture that is efficient as well as lightweight into your applications can be challenging due to the complexity of all the interacting pieces. Python Microservices Development, Second Edition will teach you how to overcome these issues and craft applications that are built as small standard units using proven best practices and avoiding common pitfalls. Through hands-on examples, this book will help you to build efficient microservices using Quart, SQLAlchemy, and other modern Python tools In this updated edition, you will learn how to secure connections between services and how to script Nginx using Lua to build web application firewall features such as rate limiting. Python Microservices Development, Second Edition describes how to use containers and AWS to deploy your services. By the end of the book, you’ll have created a complete Python application based on microservices. What you will learnExplore what microservices are and how to design themConfigure and package your code according to modern best practicesIdentify a component of a larger service that can be turned into a microserviceHandle more incoming requests, more effectivelyProtect your application with a proxy or firewallUse Kubernetes and containers to deploy a microserviceMake changes to an API provided by a microservice safely and keep things workingIdentify the factors to look for to get started with an unfamiliar cloud providerWho This Book Is For This book is for developers who want to learn how to build, test, scale, and manage Python microservices. Readers will require basic knowledge of the Python programming language, the command line, and HTTP-based application principles. No prior experience of writing microservices in Python is assumed. Table of ContentSection 1: Python Web Services - Understanding MicroservicesDiscovering QuartCoding, Testing, and Documenting - the Virtuous CycleSection 2: Designing JeevesSplitting the MonolithInteracting with Other ServicesSecuring Your ServicesMaking a Dashboard Section 3: Deployment, Running, and Scaling -Packaging and Running RunnerlyDeploying ContainersWhat's next? Cover Copyright Contributors Table of Contents Preface Chapter 1: Understanding Microservices The origins of service-oriented architecture The monolithic approach The microservice approach Microservice benefits Separation of concerns Smaller projects Scaling and deployment Pitfalls of microservices Illogical splitting More network interactions Data storing and sharing Compatibility issues Testing Implementing microservices with Python How web services work The WSGI standard Workers, threads, and synchronicity A worker pool approach Being asynchronous Twisted, Tornado, Greenlets, and Gevent Asynchronous Python Language performance Summary Chapter 2: Discovering Quart Making sure we have Python How Quart handles requests Routing Variables and converters The url_for function Request Response Quart's built-in features The session object Globals Signals Extensions and middleware Templates Configuration Blueprints Error handling Custom error handler A microservice skeleton Summary Chapter 3: Coding, Testing, and Documentation: the Virtuous Cycle Different kinds of tests Unit tests Functional tests Integration tests Load tests End-to-end tests Using pytest and tox Developer documentation Tools for documentation Version control Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment GitHub Actions Documentation Coveralls Badges Summary Chapter 4: Designing Jeeves The Jeeves bot User stories Monolithic design Model View and template A human-readable view Slack workspaces Taking actions OAuth tokens Authentication and authorization Background tasks Putting together the monolithic design Summary Chapter 5: Splitting the Monolith Identifying potential microservices Code complexity and maintenance Metrics and Monitoring Logging Splitting a Monolith Feature Flags Refactoring Jeeves Workflow Summary Chapter 6: Interacting with Other Services Calling other web resources Finding out where to go Environment variables Service discovery Transferring data HTTP cache headers GZIP compression Protocol Buffers MessagePack Putting it together Asynchronous messages Message queue reliability Basic queues Topic exchanges and queues Publish/subscribe Putting it together Testing Using OpenAPI Summary Chapter 7: Securing Your Services The OAuth2 protocol X.509 certificate-based authentication Token-based authentication The JWT standard PyJWT Using a certificate with JWT The TokenDealer microservice The OAuth implementation Using TokenDealer Securing your code Limiting your application scope Untrusted incoming data Redirecting and trusting queries Sanitizing input data Using Bandit linter Dependencies Web application firewall OpenResty: Lua and nginx Rate and concurrency limiting Other OpenResty features Summary Chapter 8: Making a Dashboard Building a ReactJS dashboard The JSX syntax React components Pre-processing JSX ReactJS and Quart Cross-origin resource sharing Authentication and authorization A note about Micro Frontends Getting the Slack token JavaScript authentication Summary Chapter 9: Packaging and Running Python The packaging toolchain A few definitions Packaging The setup.py file The requirements.txt file The MANIFEST.in file Versioning Releasing Distributing Running all microservices Process management Summary Chapter 10: Deploying on AWS What is Docker? Introduction to Docker Running Quart in Docker Docker-based deployments Terraform Service discovery Docker Compose Docker Swarm Kubernetes Summary Chapter 11: What's Next? Automation Scaling Content Delivery Networks Multi-cloud deployments Lambda Functions Expanding monitoring Making promises Summary Packt Page Other Books You May Enjoy Index