Standard Model Phenomenology

Description

This new book is fully up to date with all the latest developments on both theoretical and experimental investigations of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics with a particular emphasis on its historical development on both sides. It further stresses the cross-fertilisation between the two sub-disciplines of theoretical and experimental particle physics which has been instrumental in establishing the SM. In other words, the book develops a truly phenomenological attitude to the subject. In addition to emphasising the successes of the SM, this book also critically assesses its limitations and raises key unanswered questions for the purpose of presenting a new perspective of how to further our knowledge above and beyond it. It also contains both historical information from past experiments and latest results from the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. This book will be an invaluable reference to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students, in addition to early-stage researchers in the field. Key Features: Provides a unique approach not found in current literature in developing and verifying the SM Presents the theory pedagogically but rigorously from basic knowledge of quantum field theory Brings together experimental and theoretical practice in one, cohesive text Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Contents Foreword Preface Preamble Acronyms CHAPTER 1: QED Theory 1.1. MAXWELL’S EQUATIONS 1.2. U(1) ABELIAN GAUGE SYMMETRY 1.3. QUANTISATION OF THE EM FIELD 1.4. QED AND THE ELECTRON ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC MOMENT CHAPTER 2: From Fermi Theory to V−A 2.1. FERMI THEORY 2.2. PARITY CONSERVATION IN DOUBT 2.2.1. The − ˝ Puzzle 2.2.2. Wu’s Experiment 2.3. TWO-COMPONENTS NEUTRINO IN WEAK INTERACTIONS 2.4. V−A THEORY 2.5. CONSERVATION OF LEPTON NUMBER 2.5.1. Lepton Universality 2.5.2. Neutrino Flavours 2.6. WEAK INTERACTION OF STRANGE PARTICLES 2.6.1. Experimental Verification 2.7. WEAK INTERACTION OF QUARKS 2.7.1. A New Quark 2.7.2. A New Lepton and Another New Quark 2.8. INTERMEDIATE GAUGE BOSON 2.8.1. Unitarity Violation CHAPTER 3: Non-Abelian Gauge Theories 3.1. CONSTRUCTION OF NON-ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES 3.1.1. Local non-Abelian Gauge Group 3.2. GAUGE THEORY OF SU(2) 3.3. GAUGE THEORY OF SU(3) CHAPTER 4: Theory of EW Interactions 4.1. SU(2)L GAUGE SYMMETRY 4.2. SU(2)L × U(1)Y GAUGE SYMMETRY CHAPTER 5: SSB and Higgs Mechanism 5.1. SYMMETRY BREAKING 5.2. SPONTANEOUS SYMMETRY BREAKING OF A GLOBAL U(1) 5.3. SPONTANEOUS SYMMETRY BREAKING OF A GLOBAL SU(2) 5.4. THE GOLDSTONE THEOREM 5.5. HIGGS MECHANISM IN GAUGE THEORIES 5.5.1. U(1) Gauge Symmetry 5.5.2. SU(2) Gauge Symmetry CHAPTER 6: Glashow-Weinberg-Salam Model 6.1. SU(2)L × U(1)Y SYMMETRY BREAKING 6.2. EW GAUGE BOSON MASSES 6.3. HIGGS BOSON MASS CHAPTER 7: Strong Interactions and QCD 7.1. LAGRANGIAN OF QCD 7.2. COLOUR FACTORS 7.3. STRONG COUPLING 7.4. NON-PERTURBATIVE QCD CHAPTER 8: Tests of QCD Interactions 8.1. TOWARDS A THEORY OF STRONG INTERACTIONS 8.2. MAKING OF QCD 8.3. CONFIRMATION OF QCD CHAPTER 9: Higgs Phenomenology 9.1. HIGGS MASS AND COUPLINGS 9.2. HIGGS DECAY BRANCHING RATIOS 9.3. HIGGS PRODUCTION CROSS SECTIONS 9.4. READYING FOR THE LHC CHAPTER 10: Fermion Masses and Mixing 10.1. LEPTON MASSES 10.2. QUARK MASSES 10.3. FLAVOUR MIXING 10.4. CKM MIXING MATRIX 10.5. GIM MECHANISM CHAPTER 11: CP Violation 11.1. CP VIOLATION AND CKM MATRIX 11.2. CP VIOLATION IN NEUTRAL MESONS 11.3. TYPES OF CP VIOLATION 11.4. CP VIOLATION IN THE KAON SYSTEM 11.4.1. The Parameters " and MK in the SM 11.4.2. The Ratio "0/" in the SM 11.5. CP VIOLATION IN THE B SYSTEM 11.5.1. The Term MB in the SM 11.5.2. CP Asymmetry in Neutral B-Mesons CHAPTER 12: Tests of EW Interactions 12.1. WEAK INTERACTIONS FROM UNITARITY 12.2. DISCOVERY OF THE W± AND Z PARTICLES 12.3. PRECISE DETERMINATIONS OF EW OBSERVABLES CHAPTER 13: Top and Higgs Discovery 13.1. INDIRECT SEARCH FOR TOP AND HIGGS 13.2. TOP QUARK DISCOVERY 13.3. HIGGS BOSON DISCOVERY CHAPTER 14: Neutrino Masses and Mixing 14.1. NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS 14.2. THREE FLAVOUR NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS 14.3. NEUTRINO MASSES AND MIXING 14.4. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ON MASSES AND MIXING ANGLES 14.5. ORIGIN OF NEUTRINO MASS 14.6. RIGHT-HANDED NEUTRINOS AND SEESAW MECHANISMS 14.6.1. Type I Seesaw 14.6.2. Type II Seesaw 14.6.3. Type III Seesaw 14.6.4. Inverse Seesaw Appendix A: Feynman Rules Bibliography Subject index