Charting the Emerging Field of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology

Description

This book examines the Japanese diaspora from the historical archaeology perspective―drawing from archaeological data, archival research, and often oral history―and explores current trends in archaeological scholarship while also looking at new methodological and theoretical directions. The chapters include research on pre-War rural labor camps or villages in the US, as well as research on western Canada (British Columbia), Peru, and the Pacific Islands (Hawai‘i and Tinian), incorporating work on understudied urban and cemetery sites. One of the main themes explored in the book is patterns of cultural persistence and change, whether couched in terms of maintenance of tradition, “Americanization,” or the formation of dual identities. Other themes emerging from these chapters include consumption, agency, stylistic analysis, community lifecycles, social networks, diaspora and transnationalism, gender, and sexuality. Also included are discussions of trauma, racialization, displacement, labor, heritage, and community engagement. Some are presented as fully formed interpretive frameworks with substantial supporting data, while others are works in progress or tentative attempts to push the boundaries of our field into innovative new territory. This book is of interest to students and researchers in historical archaeology, anthropology, sociology of migration, diaspora studies and historiography. Previously published in International Journal of Historical Archaeology Volume 25, issue 3, September 2021 Contents Critical Mass: Charting a Course for Japanese Diaspora Archaeology Abstract Introduction The expansion of the Japanese Diaspora Approaches to Japanese Diaspora History In This Volume References Cited A History of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology Abstract Introduction Archaeology of the Pre-War Era 1960s-80s 1990-2005 2005-20 Archaeology of the WWII Era 1970s to 90s 2000-14 2015-20 Archaeology-Adjacent Research Research Trends and Future Directions References Archaeological Examination of Japanese Photographs and Archival Data from the Pre-WWII Okinawan Diaspora: Tinian, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Abstract Introduction The Okinawan Diaspora to the Northern Mariana Islands Historical Context: Administration of the Nanyō Islands by Japan Life in the Marianas Residences and Everyday Life Okinawan Emigration Elsewhere before and after WWII The Tinian Plantation and Refinery The Archaeology of the Sugar Plantation in Tinian Today Okinawan Farmsteads Okinawan Gardens Okinawan Refuges and Military Defenses Discussion Conclusions References Jizo (Ksitigarbha) Statues under Palm Trees: The Materialization of Early Japanese Immigrant Culture in Hawai‘i Abstract Introduction Graves and Cemeteries Epitaphs Stone Statues and Funerary Statuary Religious Stone Statues Funerary Statuaries Conclusions References Introduction of Lifecycle of Community Framework: Grappling with Multiple, Complex Datasets in Interpreting Yama/Nagaya, a Late Nineteenth- to Early Twentieth-Century Pacific Northwest Japanese Immigrant Village Abstract Introduction Historical Background of Yama/„Nagaya Methodology Lifecycle Stages: Yama/Nagaya Data Pre-emergence Inception Growth Maturity Dissolution of Community Discussion and Interpretations Conclusions References The Materiality of Anti-Japanese Racism: “Foreignness” and Racialization at Barneston, Washington (1898-1924) Abstract Introduction Racialization and Sawmill Town Labor Structures Archival Methodology and Contextual Evidence Labor Hierarchies and Social Control Foreignness and the Yellow-Peril Barneston and the Materiality of Contests Over “Foreignness” A Spatial Summary of the Nikkei Community The Materiality of Foreignness Conclusion Acknowledgments References Japanese Ceramics and the Complexities of Consumption in “this Knife-Fork Land” Abstract The Archaeology of Transpacific Consumption and Discourse Japanese Ceramics and Consumer Culture Japanese Gulch Village and the Tactics of Consumption Archaeological Ceramics from Japanese Gulch Village Japanese Ceramic Forms Japanese Ceramic Decoration References Archaeology of Early Twentieth-Century Japanese Canadian Logging Camps in British Columbia Abstract Introduction Background A Note on Terminology and Classification Overview of the Two Camps The Suicide Creek Camp The McKenzie Creek Camp Comparisons of Features and Artifacts Comparing the two Sites with Each Other Comparing the Two Camps with Other Sites in the Region Considering the Process of Abandonment Reflections on Gender, Children, Identity, and Living on the Margins of Urban Areas A Speculative Scenario About the Two Sites and the Japanese Canadian Presence in the Seymour Valley Concluding Comments References The Japanese American Experience in San Luis Obispo during the Interwar Years Abstract The Kurokawa Family Archaeological Findings Temporal Data Tablewares Whale Products Alcohol Bottles Faunal Remains Soils Analysis A Brief Comparison Conclusions Life after San Luis Obispo References Towards an Archaeology of the Japanese Diaspora in Peru Abstract Introduction A Historical Background of the Japanese Diaspora in Peru Previous Studies of the Japanese Diaspora in Peru The Archaeology of Diaspora: Some Useful Considerations Toward an Archaeology of the Japanese Diaspora in Peru Project 1: Coastal Haciendas and Japanese Workers Project 2: Family History and the Construction of a Japanese-Peruvian Heritage Conclusions References From the Inside Out: Thinking through the Archaeology of Japanese American Confinement Abstract Introduction Archaeological Research at Sites of Confinement DU Amache Project Background and Methods Patterns in the Amache Data Artifacts Features Informal Written Survey Data Conclusion and Some Working Hypotheses References Diaspora and Social Networks in a World War II Japanese American Incarceration Center Abstract Introduction Previous Community Structures General Background on Japanese American Incarceration Temporary detention centers Movement into and between camps Camp layout and function Archaeological Evidence of Community Background on social networks Social Network Analysis as a Method Discussion and Analysis Conclusion References Inscriptions and Silences: Challenges of Bearing Witness at the Gila River Incarceration Camp Abstract From the Field Introduction Japanese Diasporas The Gila River Incarceration Camp Inscriptions K. Kunisuye Y. Tomita Ambiguous Signatures Silences Masked in Digitization: Okinawans Queering the Archaeological Record Interrogating Inscriptions and Listening for Silences References The Future of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology in the United States Abstract Introduction Establishing a Research Agenda Defining the Research Agenda Community-Driven Archaeology on Federal Land Garden Archaeology Theorizing the Material Consequences of WWII Incarceration Initiating a Research Agenda through Shared Taxonomies and Vocabularies Conclusion: Attending to Our Many Publics (Including Ourselves!) References Speaking beyond the Discipline: Japanese Diaspora Archaeology in Dialogue Abstract Comments on the Special Issue, “Charting the Emerging Field of Japanese Diaspora Archeology” Mariko Iijima Beyond the Veil Wesley Ueunten Relevance and Resonance: Conceptual Frameworks in Japanese Diaspora Archaeology Lane Hirabayashi References