Biological approaches in dye-containing wastewater. Volume 1

Description

Contents About the Editors Overview of Biological Technologies for Azo Dye Removal 1 Introduction 2 Anaerobic Reactors 2.1 Color Removal of Azo Dye Textile Effluent in Anaerobic Reactors 2.2 Configuration of the Anaerobic Treatment Systems 2.3 Byproducts of Azo Dye Reductive Cleavage and the Challenges for the Anaerobic Treatment 3 Aerobic Reactors 3.1 Color Removal of Azo Dye Textile Effluent in Aerobic Reactors 3.2 Configuration of Aerobic Treatment Systems and Strategies to Enhance Color Removal 3.3 Removal of Azo Dye Textile Effluent Byproducts in Aerobic Reactors 4 Anaerobic-Aerobic Reactors 4.1 Two-Stage Systems 4.2 One-Stage Systems 5 Conclusions References Fundamental of Aerobic and Anaerobic Processes in Dye Wastewater 1 Introduction 2 Impact on Environment 3 Biological Processes 4 Aerobic and Anaerobic Process 5 Aerobic Processes 5.1 Activated Sludge Process (ASP) 5.2 Aerated Lagoons 5.3 Trickling Filters 5.4 Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) 6 Anaerobic Process 6.1 Anaerobic Filters 6.2 Anaerobic Digestion 6.3 Anaerobic Baffled Bioreactor (ABR) 6.4 Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor (AFBR) 6.5 Fluidized Bed Biofilm reactors (FBBR) 6.6 Up Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor (UASB) 6.7 Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Fixed Bed Reactor (UASFB) 7 Conclusions References Aerobic Biological Units in Dye Removal 1 Introduction 2 Aerobic Biological Treatment 3 Aerobic Biological Units 3.1 Bacteria 3.2 Fungi 3.3 Algae 3.4 Yeast 4 Conclusion References Anaerobic Processes in Dye Removal 1 Introduction 2 Classification of Dyes 2.1 Classification Based on the Source of Material 2.2 Classification Based on Ionic Nature 2.3 Classification Based on Chemical Structures 3 Common Treatment Strategies in Dye Removal Process 3.1 Physical Methods 3.2 Chemical Methods 3.3 Biological Process of Dye Removal 4 Importance of Anaerobic Process in Dye Removal 5 Integration of Aerobic/Anaerobic Systems to Work as a Hybrid System 5.1 Typical Effluent Treatment Process 5.2 Hybrid Model (Anaerobic–Aerobic Digestion) with Photocatalysis 5.3 Hybrid Model with Partial Ozonisation 5.4 Adsorption with Anaerobic Digestion 6 Conclusion References Activated Sludge: Conventional Dye Treatment Technique 1 Introduction 1.1 Textile Industry Process Overview 1.2 Wastewater Treatment Using Activated Sludge Process 1.3 Operational Variables in Activated Sludge Process 1.4 Modification of Activated Sludge Process 2 Biological Dye Removal Process References Role of Moving Bed Bioreactor (MBBR) in Dye Removal 1 Introduction 2 Mechanism of Dye Degradation in MBBR 2.1 Bacterial Dye Degradation 2.2 Fungal Dye Degradation 3 MBBR as a Treatment Unit 3.1 SBR Along with MBBR Setup 3.2 Coupling Membranes with MBBR 3.3 MBBR and Chemical Coagulation 3.4 MBBR Coupled with Advanced Oxidation Processes 3.5 MBBR Along with Adsorption 4 Microorganisms in MBBR for Dye Removal 4.1 Bacteria 4.2 Fungi 5 Factors Affecting Dye Degradation in MBBR 5.1 Effect of Initial Dye Concentration 5.2 Effect of Dye Structure 5.3 Effect of Co-Substrate 5.4 Effect of HRT 5.5 Effect of Biomass Concentration 5.6 Effect of Biocarrier 5.7 Effect of pH 6 Research Gaps and Scope of Future Work 7 Conclusion References Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors in Dye Removal: Mechanisms, Influence Factors, and Performance 1 Introduction 2 UASB Reactors 2.1 Bioreactor Concept 2.2 Mechanisms of Dye Compounds Removal in UASB Reactors 2.3 Influence Factors of UASB Reactors in Dye Removal 3 Decolourisation Performance of UASB Reactors 3.1 Dye Removal Efficiency 3.2 Bio-Energy Production 4 Challenges and Opportunities 5 Conclusions 6 Conflicts of Interest References Current Biological Approaches in Dye Wastewater Treatment Review on Sequential Aerobic/Anaerobic Batch Reactors for Dye Removal 1 Introduction 2 Dye Classification 3 Literature Review 4 Treatment Techniques 4.1 Anaerobic/aerobic SBR 4.2 Anaerobic/aerobic System with High-Rate Bioreactor 5 Advantages/Disadvantages (Anaerobic/Aerobic SBR) 6 Conclusions References Aerobic/Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor in Textile Wastewater 1 Introduction 2 Key Parameters Affecting Treatment Performance 2.1 Effects of Operating Conditions 2.2 MBR Enhanced by Combined Process for Textile Wastewater Treatment 2.3 Pilot- and Full-Scale Applications 3 Membrane Fouling, Membrane Cleaning, and Operational Strategies 3.1 Membrane Filtration and Fouling 3.2 Conventional Membrane Cleaning Methods 3.3 Operation Strategy for Anti-Fouling 4 Microbial Community in the MBR Treating Textile Wastewater 4.1 Research Status of the Microorganisms Related to the Removal of Dyes with Biological Treatment Methods 4.2 Current Status of Research on Microorganisms in MBRs 5 Conclusions References Constructed Wetlands in Dye Removal 1 Introduction 2 Phytoremediation 3 Artificial Wetland System (Constructed Wetlands) 3.1 Wastewater Purification Mechanism 3.2 Factors Affecting CW Performance 4 Constructed Wetland for Dye Wastewater Treatment 4.1 Free Water Surface Constructed Wetland (FWSCW) 4.2 Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetland (HFCW) 4.3 Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland (VFCW) 4.4 Hybrid Constructed Wetland 5 Conclusion References