Medieval Warfare: A Reader

Description

Medieval Warfare: A Reader examines how armed conflict was experienced in the Middle Ages both on the field of battle and at home. This comprehensive collection of more than 130 primary-source materials—some translated here for the first time—traces over one thousand years of military developments, including the fall of Rome, the fight for Jerusalem, the building of castles and other fortifications, the rise of gunpowder, and the negotiation of treaties. Developed by two of the leading experts in medieval military history, the readings tell stories of terrors and tragedies, triumphs and technologies in the Middle Ages. By reclaiming the voices of victims and veterans that have previously been ignored, the editors stake out a powerful new perspective on the long history of military conflict and suffering. Cover Half Title Page Title Page Copyright CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS GENERAL INTRODUCTION RECOMMENDED READING PART ONE THE CASUALTIES OF WAR A. THOSE WHO MOURNED 1. ON THE THURINGIAN WAR (AFTER 561) 2. WULF AND EADWACER (c. 1000) 3. A CRUSADER’S LAMENT (1096–1300) 4. DESTRUCTION FROM THE HUNDRED YEARS WAR (1361 B. THOSE WHO FOUGHT 5. RIDDLES ON ARMAMENTS (c. 1000) 6. MASSACRE AT CIVETOT (1096) 7. BATTLE OF WAUN GASEG (c. 1410) 8. PITY THE VETERAN SOLDIERS (c. 1420) C. THOSE WHO FEARED 9. AFTER THE SIEGE OF ARLES (507–508) 10. DEVASTATION OF VILLAGES (1215) 11. LOCAL ATROCITIES (1358) 12. THE POOR IN WAR (1425) PART TWO THE PREPARATIONS FOR WAR A. THEORIES OF WAR I. Just War 13. THE JUST WAR (BEFORE 430) 14. THE CALL TO CRUSADE (1095) 15. TAKE HER HUSBAND, PLEASE (1212) 16. HOW WE DIE (1481) II. Regulating War 17. DECLARATION OF A TRUCE OF GOD (1063) 18. CRITICISM OF THE SECOND CRUSADE (1149) 19. CURSE ON THOSE WHO REQUIRE THE MAKING OF ARMS (1374) 20. WYCLIF AGAINST WAR (1375) 21. END THE HUNDRED YEARS WAR (1395) B. TRAINING FOR WAR 22. VEGETIUS ON FORTIFICATIONS AND SIEGE PREPARATION (c. 388) 23. RULE OF THE TEMPLARS (1135–1165) 24. PRACTICE ARCHERY, NOT GAMES (1363) 25. THE TRAINING OF BOUCICAUT (1409) 26. HOW TO CONDUCT A SIEGE (c. 1425?) C. CHIVALRY 27. THE FUNCTION OF KNIGHTHOOD (1159) 28. THE DECADENCE OF KNIGHTS (1250) 29. BECOMING A KNIGHT (1352) 30. PEACE-TIME JOUSTS AT SAINT-INGLEVERT (1390) 31. THE DECLINE OF CHIVALRY (1483–1485) D. FINANCING WAR 32. MILITARY OBLIGATIONS OF LANDHOLDERS (743) 33. THE SALADIN TITHE AND CRUSADER ORDINANCES (1188) 34. POLL TAX (1379) E. OUTFITTING FOR WAR I. Individual 35. RENTING A SUIT OF ARMOR (1248) 36. THE ARMING OF SIR GAWAIN (c. 1360) 37. MARGARET PASTON TO HER HUSBAND (1449) II. Militia 38. FLORENTINE MILITIA REQUIREMENTS (1260) 39. PROVISIONS FOR THE OSTEND MILITIA (1436) 40. TROYES ARSENAL (1474) III. State 41. FORTIFICATIONS AT DARA (6th CENTURY) 42. CONSTRUCTION OF SAPHET CASTLE (c. 1263) 43. A WEAPONS DOWRY (1449) F. RECRUITING AND OBLIGATIONS 44. CHARLEMAGNE’S WAY OF RAISING TROOPS (801–811) 45. POPE GREGORY PLEADS FOR MATILDA TO LEAD A CRUSADE (1074) 46. LEVY OF TROOPS FOR THE WARS IN BOHEMIA (1422) 47. INDENTURE OF WAR (1415) PART THREE THE WAGING OF WAR A. PLANS AND RULES 48. BARBAROSSA’S RULES OF THE ARMY (1158) 49. SPRING IS FOR WARFARE (1184–1188) 50. PAYMENT FOR CAMP WORKERS (1378) 51. ORDINANCES OF A COMBINED ARMY (1385) 52. BATTLE PLAN FOR AGINCOURT (1415) 53. MAINTAINING DISCIPLINE (1419) 54. HOW TO ATTACK VENICE (1517) B. THE MARCH 55. ACCOUNTS OF THE THIRD CRUSADE (MID-1190s) 56. COSTS OF THE SEVENTH CRUSADE (1256) 57. ARMY ON MARCH AND IN CAMP (1304) 58. ITINERARY OF THE CRÉCY CAMPAIGN (1346) 59. ARRAY OF VERONA (1386) 60. AGINCOURT: MARCH AND BATTLE (1415) 61. TRANSPORT OF ARTILLERY (1474) C. DECLARATION AND ORATION 62. ORATION AGAINST THE THURINGIANS (6th CENTURY) 63. BATTLE OF THE STANDARD (1138) 64. DECLARATION OF WAR AGAINST PHILIP II AUGUSTUS (1212) 65. A KING’S CHALLENGE (1340) 66. JOAN OF ARC’S LETTER TO THE ENGLISH (1429) D. THE FIGHT I. On Land 67. BATTLE OF ADRIANOPLE (378) 68. BATTLE OF DARA (530) 69. BATTLE AND AFTERMATH OF THE CATALAUNIAN PLAINS (551) 70. BATTLE OF HASTINGS (1066) 71. BATTLE OF HATTIN (1187) 72. BATTLE OF LAS NAVAS DE TOLOSA (1212) 73. BATTLE OF THE GOLDEN SPURS (1302) 74. BATTLE OF CRÉCY (1346) 75. BATTLE OF OTHÉE (1408) 76. BATTLE OF BARNET (1471) II. At Sea 77. BATTLE OF NISA (1062) 78. LANDING IN EGYPT (1249) 79. NAVAL WARFARE BETWEEN PISA AND GENOA (1284) 80. FIGHTING THE SARACENS AT SEA (1325–1332) 81. BATTLE OF WINCHELSEA (1350) III. In Siege 82. SIEGE OF JERUSALEM (614) 83. SIEGE OF PARIS (885–886) 84. SIEGE OF THESSALONIKI (904) 85. FIGHT AT FINNESBURH (c. 1000) 86. SIEGE OF JERUSALEM: WOOD AND WAR (1099) 87. SIEGE OF LISBON (1147) 88. SIEGE OF ORLÉANS (1429) 89. SIEGE OF CONSTANTINOPLE (1453) 90. SIEGE OF RHODES (1480) E. FEATS OF BRAVERY 91. BATTLE OF MALDON (991) 92. GATHERING BOLTS AT TOURNAI (1340) 93. ARCHER-WOMAN OF KARIA (1341) 94. THE MAID OF ORLÉANS (1429–1431) 95. THE UNCONQUERED KNIGHT (c. 1440) F. THE MARGINS OF WAR 96. CAMP-FOLLOWERS WIN A BATTLE (1018) 97. HIRING A FOREIGN ENGINEER (c. 1180) 98. SLAUGHTER OF NON-COMBATANTS (1203) 99. PIRACY IN THE ENGLISH CHANNEL (c. 1250) 100. CONTRACT FOR GENOESE MERCENARIES (1337) 101. PAYMENT FOR SPIES (1343) 102. ENGLISH MERCENARIES IN ITALY (1361–1364) 103. MERCENARIES DISGUISED AS WOMEN (1388) G. DUELS 104. SONG OF HILDEBRAND AND HADUBRAND (c. 800) 105. SIEGE, DUEL, AND BATTLE AT HALIDON HILL (1333) 106. JOUST BETWEEN ARMIES (1387) PART FOUR THE OUTCOMES OF WAR A. WOUNDS OF WAR 107. DEATH ON THE FIELD (1289) 108. CURING A ROYAL HEAD-WOUND (1403) 109. CAUTERIZING A WOUND (c. 1440) 110. AFTER THE BATTLE OF BARNET (1471) 111. RICHARD III’S DEATH (1485) B. VICTORY AND SURRENDER 112. CHARLEMAGNE DEFEATS THE SAXONS (804) 113. JOMSVIKINGS MEET THEIR END (986) 114. AFTERMATH OF HATTIN (1187) 115. EXECUTION OF THE PRISONERS AT ACRE (1191) 116. EXECUTION OF THE PRISONERS AT NICOPOLIS (1396) C. PILLAGE AND BOOTY 117. SIEGE OF WORCESTER (1139) 118. PLUNDERING RELICS (1204) 119. RAZING ENEMY PROPERTY (1403) D. PRISONERS AND RANSOMS 120. ENSLAVING NOBLE HOSTAGES (511) 121. GOSPEL BOOK RANSOMED FROM VIKINGS (c. 800) 122. SURRENDER TO BLANCHE OF NAVARRE (1218) 123. ANNOUNCEMENT OF VICTORY (1356) 124. RANSOM OF A KNIGHT (1356) E. THE FALLEN 125. MONGOL DEVASTATION IN HUNGARY (1241) 126. DESTRUCTION OF THE MONGOLS (1247) 127. IDENTIFYING THE DEAD (1346) 128. EXPENSES FOR THE QUARTERING OF HOTSPUR (1403) F. AN END OF WAR 129. TWO SIDES OF A TREATY (1245) 130. THE BURGHERS OF CALAIS (1346) 131. GENERAL AMNESTY TO REBELS (1411) 132. AFTER THE FALL OF CONSTANTINOPLE (1453) 133. OTTOMAN TREATY WITH THE VENETIANS (1478) 134. SURRENDER OF RHODES TO SULEYMAN (1522) G. MEMORIALIZATION 135. BATTLE OF BRUNANBURH (c. 955) 136. LAMENT FOR JERUSALEM (1099) 137. DEFEAT OF IGOR (1185) 138. SONG OF THE BATTLE OF THE GOLDEN SPURS (1302) 139. THE FOUNDING OF BATTLEFIELD CHURCH (1406) SOURCES INDEX