Engineering Geophysics

Description

Engineering Geophysics connects onshore geotechnical engineering challenges to the geophysical methods that may be applied to solve them. Unknown geological conditions are a risk in construction projects, and geophysical information can help to identify those risks. The book answers questions on how, why, and when the individual and combined methods provide the results requested. Flowcharts guide the reader to geophysical methods that can be applied for various engineering challenges, and the solutions are illustrated with practical case histories. The book is intended mainly for geotechnical engineers and geologists but also for geophysicists or managers in need of an overview or brushup on geophysical methods and their practical applications. In addition, it can be used by educational institutions in courses both for geotechnical engineers and geologists. Cover Half Title Title Copyright Contents Editors List of contributors Preface Acknowledgments 1 Introduction 2 Scope of work 3 Relationship between geotechnical and geophysical methods 4 Gravimetric method 5 Magnetometry method 6 Direct current resistivity methods 7 Electromagnetic methods 8 Ground penetrating radar 9 Reflection seismic methods 10 Seismic refraction methods 11 Surface wave methods 12 Case: mapping potential unexploded ordnance (UXO) 13 Case: geophysical investigation to delineate landfill 14 Case: 3D GPR in the inner yard at Frederiksborg Castle 15 Case: mapping of utilities when developing at an old coal storage facility 16 Case: near-surface electromagnetic survey to support the design of urban development plans 17 Case: archaeological investigation to identify a Romano-British farmstead using magnetic gradiometry 18 Case: integrated geophysical survey to locate buried structures 19 Case: total field magnetometry to locate buried foundations 20 Case: utility mapping with GPR at Copenhagen Harbour 21 Case: thickness of peat and depth to bedrock for road construction using ground penetrating radar 22 Case: multidisciplinary geophysical investigation for a new railway track in Norway 23 Case: road maintenance and ground frost 24 Case: depth to bedrock detection by integration of airborne EM data with sparse geotechnical drilling data for early phase road alignment 25 Case: delineation of aggregates gravels, sands, and silts using electrical resistivity tomography 26 Case: delineation of material type for use in ready-mix concrete 27 Case: mapping railroad ballast and geology using ground penetrating radar 28 Case: assessing loose soils for tower cable anchors using electrical resistivity 29 Case: delineation of soft soils and bedrock depth using integrated methods 30 Case: high-definition bedrock depth and conditions for urban construction project site evaluation in Switzerland using seismic refraction with combined GRM and tomographic approach 31 Case: paleo-channel investigation for seepage pathway potentials 32 Case: near-surface electromagnetic survey to support the design of climate adaptation in urban development plans 33 Case: geophysical investigation of slope stability using electrical resistivity tomography, seismic refraction, and surface waves 34 Case: integrated geophysical investigation to map a landslip 35 Case: mapping of quick clay risk by electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) 36 Case: quick clay volume delineation based on AEM resistivity, geotechnical soundings, and lab samples 37 Case: depth to bedrock and weak zone detection for tunnel design under water passages 38 Case: 3D model of depth to bedrock for a new train tunnel under the capital of Norway 39 Case: screening for ground risk ahead of tunnel design and construction activities 40 Case: geometrical complex ground model for large industrial construction sites: ultra-high-resolution with shear waves – qualification flow and application 41 Case: identifying weakness zones and geological boundaries across tunnel alignments using airborne electromagnetics 42 Case: delineation of soil type, dam leakage, underground voids, and water flow in tunnels 43 Case: pre-investigations for horizontal directional drilling in Copenhagen 44 Case: mapping depth to bedrock along a planned cable route 45 Case: mapping bedrock profiles for cable landings using seismic refraction and surface waves (MASW) 46 Case: lake bottom investigations with ground penetrating radar (GPR) 47 Case: pre-investigations for pipeline crossing of a stream 48 Case: delineation of palaeokarst features under a proposed tailings facility using ERT, seismic refraction, and micro-gravity 49 Case: the identification of leaks in tailings storage facility impoundment dam walls using ERT and IP 50 Case: groundwater vulnerability assessment for new motorway using ERT Index