Environmental Pollution of Paddy Soils

Description

The paddy field is a unique agro-ecosystem and provides services such as food, nutrient recycling and diverse habitats. However, chemical contamination of paddy soils has degraded the quality of this important ecosystem. This book provides an overview of our current understanding of paddy soil pollution, addressing topics such as the major types of pollutants in contaminated paddy soil ecosystems; factors affecting the fate of pollutants in paddy soil; biomonitoring approaches to assess the contaminated paddy soil; the impact of chemicals on soil microbial diversity; and climate change. It also covers arsenic and heavy metal pollution of paddy soils and their impact on rice quality. Further, new emerging contaminants such as antibiotics and antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs) in paddy soil and their impact on environmental health are also discussed. The last chapters focus on the bioremediation approaches for the management of paddy soils. Front Matter ....Pages i-xviii Major Pollutants of Contaminated Paddy Soils (Sunbal Siddique)....Pages 1-17 Problems and Prospects of Cultivating Indigenous Flood and Brackish Water-Resistant Varieties of Paddy in the Context of Projected Sea Level Rise: A Case Study from Karnataka, India (Tamoghna Acharyya, Manoranjan Mishra)....Pages 19-26 Environmental Pollution of Soil and Anthropogenic Impact of Polymetallic Hydrothermal Extractions: Case Study—Bregalnica River Basin, Republic of Macedonia (Biljana Balabanova, Trajče Stafilov, Robert Šajn)....Pages 27-68 Sources of Organochlorine Pesticidal Residues in the Paddy Fields Along the Ganga-Brahmaputra River Basin: Implications for Long-Range Atmospheric Transport (Paromita Chakraborty, Sanjenbam Nirmala Khuman, Bhupander Kumar, Daniel Snow)....Pages 69-83 Antibiotics Pollution in the Paddy Soil Environment (Vanessa Silva, Gilberto Igrejas, Patrícia Poeta)....Pages 85-97 Antibiotics and Resistant Genes in Paddy Soil (Muhammad Afzaal, Safdar Ali Mirza, Miuniza Mir, Sarfraz Ahmed, Azhar Rasul, Shabab Nasir et al.)....Pages 99-112 Paddy Land Pollutants and Their Role in Climate Change (Rida Akram, Veysel Turan, Abdul Wahid, Muhammad Ijaz, Muhammad Adnan Shahid, Shoaib Kaleem et al.)....Pages 113-124 Impact of Pollutants on Paddy Soil and Crop Quality (Iftikhar Ali, Muhammad Jamil Khan, Mumtaz Khan, Farah Deeba, Haziq Hussain, Muhammad Abbas et al.)....Pages 125-137 Paddy Soil Microbial Diversity and Enzymatic Activity in Relation to Pollution (Muhammad Afzaal, Sidra Mukhtar, Afifa Malik, Rabbia Murtaza, Masooma Nazar)....Pages 139-149 Arsenic in Paddy Soils and Potential Health Risk (Bushra Afzal, Ishtiaque Hussain, Abida Farooqi)....Pages 151-163 Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Paddy Soil, Plants, and Grains (Oryza sativa L.) (Prasanti Mishra, Manoranjan Mishra)....Pages 165-178 Arsenic in Untreated and Treated Manure: Sources, Biotransformation, and Environmental Risk in Application on Soils: A Review (Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Aatika Kanwal, Rabbia Murtaza, Sunbal Siddique, Xiaomei Su, Xianjin Tang et al.)....Pages 179-195 Fate of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants in Paddy Soils (Rida Akram, Veysel Turan, Hafiz Mohkum Hammad, Shakeel Ahmad, Sajjad Hussain, Ahmad Hasnain et al.)....Pages 197-214 Tolerance Mechanisms of Rice to Arsenic Stress (Shahida Shaheen, Qaisar Mahmood)....Pages 215-227 Enzymes’ Role in Bioremediation of Contaminated Paddy Soil (Niharika Chandra, Swati Srivastava, Ankita Srivastava, Sunil Kumar)....Pages 229-243 Bioremediation of Contaminated Paddy Soil (Naseer Ali Shah, Imdad Kaleem, Asghar Shabbir, Sadaf Moneeba, Ayesha Hammed Khattak)....Pages 245-271