Brain Damage and Repair: From Molecular Research to Clinical Therapy

Description

Brain Damage and Repair aims to attract the interest of neuroscientists and clinical neurologists by building a novel bridge from molecular research to clinical therapy. This novel approach reveals the functional features of neurons and glia in the particular context of vulnerability and self-protection, intracellular properties and extracellular matrix. Arising from this platform, this volume unfolds the molecular and systemic processes underlying migration disorders, axonal injury, repair and regeneration. Comprehensive chapters on neurological diseases, such as M. Alzheimer, M. Parkinson, ALS, stroke or trauma, take this knowledge, apply it at the clinical level to provide a basis for novel therapeutic strategies. Brain Damage and Repair is completed with chapters on imaging techniques, viral gene transfer or legal international handling of stem cell transfer and patents of DNA/proteins. Front Matter....Pages i-xiv The Aging Brain — the Burden of Life (?)....Pages 1-22 Gene Expression and Its Regulation in Neurons....Pages 23-31 Morphological Peculiarities of the Neuron....Pages 33-45 Synaptic Plasticity: Hyperexcitability and Synaptic Silencing....Pages 47-59 The Axonal Burden....Pages 61-77 The Self-Destruction of Neurons Physiological and Pathophysiological Decisions for the Functional Integrity....Pages 79-93 The Organelles, I: Mitochondrial Failure And Neurodegeneration....Pages 95-110 The Organelles II: Endoplasmic Reticulum and its Overload....Pages 111-121 Transcriptional Dysfunctions as Pathogenic Mechanism of Neurodegenerative Diseases....Pages 123-133 Formation of Radicals....Pages 135-164 Axon Guidance and Repulsion. The Molecular Code of Social Life in the Brain....Pages 165-179 Microglia and the Cerebral Defence System....Pages 181-202 Generation and Differentiation of Astrocytes During Central Nervous System Development And Injury....Pages 203-213 Oligodendrocytes in Health and Disease....Pages 215-230 The Myelin Glial Cell of the Peripheral Nervous System: The Schwann Cell....Pages 231-243 The Müller Glia: Role in Neuroprotection....Pages 245-257 Neural Plasticity and Regeneration: Myths and Expectations....Pages 259-273 Neuronal Protection Against Oxidative Damage....Pages 275-284 Functional Recovery in the Peripheral and Central Nervous System After Injury....Pages 285-305 Neural Plasticity and Cell Biology of Learning....Pages 307-321 Neural Plasticity and Central Nervous System Lesion Repair....Pages 323-348 Regulation of the Intrinsic Growth Properties in Mammalian Neurons....Pages 349-363 Glutamate, Calcium and Neurodegenerative Disease: Impact of Cytosolic Calcium Buffers and Their Potential Role for Neuroprotective Strategies....Pages 365-379 Postnatal Neurogenesis and Neuronal Regeneration....Pages 381-390 Migration Disorders and Epilepsy....Pages 391-402 Invasive Strategies as Therapeutic Approaches for Central Nervous System Diseases....Pages 403-421 General Aspects of Neuropharmacology in Relation to Brain Repair Following Trauma....Pages 423-437 Stem Cells and Nervous Tissue Engineering....Pages 439-450 Cell Transplants and Artificial Guides for Nerve Repair....Pages 451-471 Modern Late Neurologic Rehabilitation: Neuroscience and Motivating Functional Rehabilitation....Pages 473-482 Viral Gene Delivery....Pages 483-502 General Remarks on the Bridging Between Basic Research and Clinics....Pages 503-509 Mechanical Lesions of the Peripheral Nervous System....Pages 511-526 Stroke and Ischemic Insults....Pages 527-535 Parkinson’s Disease I: Degeneration and Dysfunction of Dopaminergic Neurons....Pages 537-548 Parkinson’s Disease II: Replacement of Dopamine and Restoration of Striatal Function....Pages 549-561 Alzheimer’s Disease....Pages 563-573 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Related Disorders....Pages 575-588 Pharmacological Strategies for Neurodegeneration and Overview of Clinical Trials....Pages 589-615 Monitoring Brain Dysfunction through Imaging Techniques....Pages 617-627 Functional Assessment of Human Brain with Non-Invasive Electrophysiological Methods....Pages 629-642 Legal Implications of Therapeutic Options — Stem Cell Procedures, Cloning and Patents....Pages 643-657 Back Matter....Pages 659-721