Development of Linguistic Linked Open Data Resources for Collaborative Data-Intensive Research in the Language Sciences

Description

Making diverse data in linguistics and the language sciences open, distributed, and accessible: perspectives from language/language acquistiion researchers and technical LOD (linked open data) researchers. This volume examines the challenges inherent in making diverse data in linguistics and the language sciences open, distributed, integrated, and accessible, thus fostering wide data sharing and collaboration. It is unique in integrating the perspectives of language researchers and technical LOD (linked open data) researchers. Reporting on both active research needs in the field of language acquisition and technical advances in the development of data interoperability, the book demonstrates the advantages of an international infrastructure for scholarship in the field of language sciences. With contributions by researchers who produce complex data content and scholars involved in both the technology and the conceptual foundations of LLOD (linguistics linked open data), the book focuses on the area of language acquisition because it involves complex and diverse data sets, cross-linguistic analyses, and urgent collaborative research. The contributors discuss a variety of research methods, resources, and infrastructures. Contributors Isabelle Barrière, Nan Bernstein Ratner, Steven Bird, Maria Blume, Ted Caldwell, Christian Chiarcos, Cristina Dye, Suzanne Flynn, Claire Foley, Nancy Ide, Carissa Kang, D. Terence Langendoen, Barbara Lust, Brian MacWhinney, Jonathan Masci, Steven Moran, Antonio Pareja-Lora, Jim Reidy, Oya Y. Rieger, Gary F. Simons, Thorsten Trippel, Kara Warburton, Sue Ellen Wright, Claus Zinn Contents Acknowledgments Development of Linguistic Linked Open Data Resources for Collaborative Data-Intensive Research in the Language Sciences: An Introduction Challenges Advances to Date Contributions in This Volume Challenges for the Future Notes References 1. Open Data—Linked Data—Linked Open Data—Linguistic Linked Open Data (LLOD): A General Introduction Background: Scientific Principles and Openness Open Data in Science Linked Data Linked Open Data Linked Open Data in Linguistics Chances, Challenges, and Prospects Acknowledgments Notes References 2. Whither GOLD? In the Beginning The Birth of GOLD The Development of GOLD within the E-MELD Project GOLD after E-MELD What’s Next? Notes References 3. Management, Sustainability, and Interoperability of Linguistic Annotations Introduction What Is Linguistic Annotation? History The Rise of Standards Interoperability as a Focus Conclusion Notes References 4. Linguistic Linked Open Data and Under-Resourced Languages: From Collection to Application Introduction What Are Under-Resourced Languages? Linked Data and Under-Resourced Language Data Case Studies The Linguistic Linked Open Data Cloud Summary Notes References 5. A Data Category Repository for Language Resources Language Resources Data Categories The Initial Data Category Selection: Terminology Proposal for a Data Category Registry 12620:2009 A Typology of Data Categories An Elaborate Data Model Initial Years of the DCR Withdrawal of the Max Planck Institute and Selection of Termweb Migrating the DCR to TermWeb Converting DCIF to TBX Reviewing the TBX Files Duplicates What Is a Data Category, and What Is Not? Post-Import Work A Shifting Identity and Purpose Rebranding: DatCatInfo Example from DatCatInfo Current Status, Future Work, and Challenges Notes References 6. Describing Research Data with CMDI—Challenges to Establish Contact with Linked Open Data Introduction Motivation Component MetaData Infrastructure (CMDI) CMDI and Semantic Interoperability CMDI and Linked Data Discussion Conclusion Notes References 7. Expressing Language Resource Metadata as Linked Data: The Case of the Open Language Archives Community Introduction The OLAC Metadata Standard Enter Linked Data Expressing OLAC Metadata as Linked Data Incorporating Linked Data into the OLAC Infrastructure Conclusion Notes References 8. TalkBank Resources for Psycholinguistic Analysis and Clinical Practice Introduction Child Language Sample Analysis KIDEVAL in Action What about Norms? Improving Norms Fuller Support for SLPs Take-Away Messages Broader Implications Acknowledgments References 9. Enabling New Collaboration and Research Capabilities in Language Sciences: Management of Language Acquisition Data and Metadata with the Data Transcription and Analysis Tool Introduction Opportunities and Challenges in the Age of Digital Data Development of Web-Based Cyberinfrastructure in Support of the Language Sciences: The Virtual Linguistic Lab (VLL) Case Study and the DTA Tool An Example of a Research Challenge: The Acquisition of Relative Clauses The Data Transcription and Analysis Tool Empowers Discovery in Experimental Data The Data Transcription and Analysis Tool Empowers Discovery in Natural Speech Data Moving to Linked Open Data Testing Import–Export Functions for the DTA Tool Conclusions Acknowledgments Notes References 10. Challenges for the Development of Linked Open Data for Research in Multilingualism Introduction Requirements for Conducting Research with Multilingual Populations Development of Linguistic Linked Open Data (LLOD) Design of Any Primary Research Tool Appropriate to Achieve the Vision of LLOD Acknowledgments Notes References 11. Research Libraries as Partners in Ensuring the Sustainability of E-science Collaborations E-science: Fourth Paradigm, Linked Data, and Research Libraries arXiv: E-science as Scholarly Enterprise Linked Open Data: Innovation in Support of Sustainability Notes References List of Contributors Author Index Thematic Index