Handbook of Superconductivity: Characterization and Applications

Description

This is the last of three volumes of the extensively revised and updated second edition of the Handbook of Superconductivity. The past twenty years have seen rapid progress in superconducting materials, which exhibit one of the most remarkable physical states of matter ever to be discovered. Superconductivity brings quantum mechanics to the scale of the everyday world. Viable applications of superconductors rely fundamentally on an understanding of these intriguing phenomena and the availability of a range of materials with bespoke properties to meet practical needs. While the first volume covers fundamentals and various classes of materials, the second addresses processing of these into various shapes and configurations needed for applications, and ends with chapters on refrigeration methods necessary to attain the superconducting state and the desired performance. The present third volume starts with wide range of methods permitting one to characterize both the materials and various end products of processing. Subsequently, diverse classes of both large scale and electronic applications are described. Volume 3 ends with a glossary relevant to all three volumes. Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Contents Foreword Preface Acknowledgements Editors-in-Chief Contributors PART G: Characterization and Modelling Techniques G1. Introduction to Section G1: Structure/Microstructure G1.1. X-Ray Studies: Chemical Crystallography G1.2. X-Ray Studies: Phase Transformations and Microstructure Changes G1.3. Transmission Electron Microscopy G1.4. An Introduction to Digital Image Analysis of Superconductors G1.5. Optical Microscopy G1.6. Neutron Techniques: Flux-Line Lattice G2. Introduction to Section G2: Measurement and Interpretation of Electromagnetic Properties G2.1. Electromagnetic Properties of Superconductors G2.2. Numerical Models of the Electromagnetic Behavior of Superconductors G2.3. DC Transport Critical Currents G2.4. Characterisation of the Transport Critical Current Density for Conductor Applications G2.5. Magnetic Measurements of Critical Current Density, Pinning, and Flux Creep G2.6. AC Susceptibility G2.7. AC Losses in Superconducting Materials, Wires, and Tapes G2.8. Characterization of Superconductor Magnetic Properties in Crossed Magnetic Fields G2.9. Microwave Impedance G2.10. Local Probes of Magnetic Field Distribution G2.11. Some Unusual and Systematic Properties of Hole-Doped Cuprates in the Normal and Superconducting States G3. Introduction to Section G3: Thermal, Mechanical, and Other Properties G3.1. Thermal Properties: Specific Heat G3.2. Thermal Properties: Thermal Conductivity G3.3. Thermal Properties: Thermal Expansion G3.4. Mechanical Properties G3.5. Magneto-Optical Characterization Techniques PART H: Applications H1. Introduction to Large Scale Applications H1.1. Electromagnet Fundamentals H1.2. Superconducting Magnet Design H1.3. MRI Magnets H1.4. High-Temperature Superconducting Current Leads H1.5. Cables H1.6. AC and DC Power Transmission H1.7. Fault-Current Limiters H1.8. Energy Storage H1.9. Transformers H1.10. Electrical Machines Using HTS Conductors H1.11. Electrical Machines Using Bulk HTS H1.12. Homopolar Motors H1.13. Magnetic Separation H1.14. Superconducting Radiofrequency Cavities H2. Introduction to Section H2: High-Frequency Devices H2.1. Microwave Resonators and Filters H2.2. Transmission Lines H2.3. Antennae H3. Introduction to Section H3: Josephson Junction Devices H3.1. Josephson Effects H3.2. SQUIDs H3.3. Biomagnetism H3.4. Nondestructive Evaluation H3.5. Digital Electronics H3.6. Superconducting Analog-to-Digital Converters H3.7. Superconducting Qubits H4. Introduction to Radiation and Particle Detectors that Use Superconductivity H4.1. Superconducting Tunnel Junction Radiation Detectors H4.2. Transition-Edge Sensors H4.3. Superconducting Materials for Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors H4.4. Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters H4.5. Optical Detectors and Sensors H4.6. Low-Noise Superconducting Mixers for the Terahertz Frequency Range H4.7. Applications: Metrology Glossary Index